Abstract:  
The subject of this research is the deprivation of freedom as a phenomenon on the current context of global and regional communities. The relevance is substantiated by the new challenges faced by humanity as a result of pandemic of a new life-threatening disease. The article provides a brief overview of the socio-philosophical concepts of the concept of freedom, as well as reveals historical peculiarities of interrelation between a person and freedom. Based on the analysis of existing concepts, the authors formulate an understanding of the essence of freedom as quality of a person or a larger structural element of the society associated with capability of the social subject to fulfill their willed intentions in different spheres of life. Deprivation of this quality limits a person or community in their actions and relations, which implies deprivation of freedom. The scientific novelty consists in the statement that conceptualization of the phenomenon of deprivation of freedom expands its boundaries, falls beyond the scope of the theory of social exclusion for particular population categories (criminals, prisoners of war, etc.), and may impact the entire society as a result of new bacteriological and sanitary-epidemiological threats. Leaning on the institutional approach, the author concludes that the state should have excessive resources to counter mass threats. The officially recognized institutions of national security (army, police, ministry of emergency situations) should be complemented with such institutional structures as medicine, science and education, which should also have excessive resources, regardless of the direct economic profit.
 

Abstract: The subject of this research is the ethnopedagogical potential of traditional rituals of the Adygs. The authors of the article prove the importance of reviewing the ethnopegagotical principles within families, small groups and major communities due to the problems that are now arising in contemporary education. Today's education has become more like a service industry which considerably decreases the influence thereof on moral development of students. This makes internal reserves of culture to put on mechanisms that are capable of opposing to entropy processes. One of such principles implies reviewing the ethnopegagogical education principles that are most brightly expressed in traditional rituals. For the purpose described above, the authors of the article analyze the ancient 'chapshch' ritual exercised by the Adygs. This ritual is performed at the bed of a seriously ill or wounded patient. The methodology of the research is based on the interdisciplinary approach that involved analysis of ethnographical data, diachronic method of cultural research, semiotics and social and philosophical analytics. As a conclusion of the research, the authors make an assumption that in the history of the ethnos development, the chapshch ritual had all essential features of a socio-cultural institution, one of such features being the capacity to develop certain standards and patterns of social interaction. The results of the research demonstrate that chapshch served as an ethnopedagogical mechanism of efficient socialization of a young generation and integration thereof into the socio-cultural environment. In the course of the ritual, future adult relations of children and youth developed providing a great range of interaction patterns. 

Abstract: The subject field of this research is life as the social value from the perspective of the modern scholars in humanitarian sphere. The authors examine the problem of value of the human life based on the scientific works of philosophy, sociology, and law that comprise a single ethical discourse. The article traces the attitude of society towards the value of human life, beginning from the period of Antiquity until the current situation in culture accepted as the situation of postmodern, when in society takes place the distortion of spiritual values, shift of the value system towards the utilitarianism, destruction of the traditional social ties that led to the phenomenon of atomization of personality. The main conclusion of the conducted research lies in the following thoughts: the necessity of presence in society of the important sociocultural idea that derives from the spiritual content of collective consciousness; the need of government participation in the process of establishment of spiritualty and ethical education of the oncoming generation; need for the rigorous support of the principle of human dignity, without which human life is devaluated. Realization of irrevocability of human life is an essential condition and ideological foundation for functioning of modern society, state, all of its structures, institutions, and organizations.

Abstract: The article is devoted to the role of mass media and cinematographic art in distribution of fashion around the region. The rationale of the research is caused by the fact that the majority of researches devoted to fashion in Russia are based on data collected in big cities while processes of fashion distribution has specific features in regions. The authors of this research analyze how fashion was perceived by young people of the Brezhnev years depending on their social features such as level of education and place of living. As an example, the authors analyze a collection of costumes from the French movie of 1970 'Man Orchestra' that had a great influence on distribution of fashionable clothes of thoes times. The authors of the research has applied the interdisciplinary approach that combines methods of art history analysis of fashionable clothes shown in movies, diachronic approach in cultural studies, and sociological survey (focus group interview). The conclusion is that perception of fashion in mass media and cinematograph was quite different in rural and urban areas and depended on the level of education among other factors. The authors underline that fashionable clothes allowed to satisfy one's need in personal freedom back in 1960 - 1980's and foreign mass media (newspapers and cinematograph) provided numerous examples of how to achieve it. 

Abstract: This article examines the process of transformation of ethnic myth in the Circassian culture, starting with the antiquity era of creation of the epos of “Narta” and spanning to the modern post-Soviet period. In the first part of this work the author conceptualizes the notion of “ethnic myth”, as well as asserts the characteristics of its multilayerdness and universality as form of collective consciousness. In the context of the conducted research, the notion of “ethnic myth” becomes an instrument which allows the more detailed examination of separate segments of the ethnic pattern of the Circassians, as well as its wholeness. In other words, ethnic myth is illustrated as one of the forms of consciousness, including the modern representative of an ethnic group. To analyze the transformation processes of ethnic consciousness, the author applies methodology of G. Durand, who claims that the  world for a  man is can only be in “imaginary” form – a myth, collective and unconscious, which emerges as a primary process and consists form the imaginary, imaginer, and imagination along with the imagination process itself. The correlation of the two specific imaginary modes – day and night, expresses the peculiarities of different culture. Based on this fact the author analyzes the historical change of the boundary between the day and night segments of ethnic myth of the Circassians, which comprises the scientific novelty of this work. Based on the example of evolution of the mythical-epical understanding of ethnic values, the author makes the conclusion of the priority of the day world perception of the ancient Circassians, while the artistic heritage of antiquity already demonstrated the beans of the night mythological consciousness. The author also follows the changes in traditions and rituals, as well as brings examples of the modern forms of ethnic interactions which reflect the specificity of the day and night levels of mythological consciousness among the representatives of the ethnos.

Abstract: The subject of this research is the reflection of an image of cosmic infinity in the urban interiors designated for public leisure and perception of art in the provincial towns: theatre, philharmonic, movie theatre, shopping mall. The article presents the dynamics of changes in the attitude towards the building as a model of Cosmos, beginning from the era of ancient civilizations and until present times. The public architecture of small cities is being analyzed within the time frame of the early XX century until today. Special attention is given to the examination of the décor of the roofs and ceilings, which spatially and conceptually most vividly reflect the idea of the sky and cosmos. Scientific novelty consists in the introduction into the scientific discourse of the empirical data about the artistic-aesthetic properties of the historical and cultural importance of the public buildings in the provincial regions of Russia on the example of Maykop, Ryazan, and Penza. The article justifies the possibility of the cyclic returns to the stylistics of classical canon in architecture due to the search of the lost in the postmodern era perception of the stability of being.

Abstract: The article presents a creative portrait of the famous in Russia and abroad scientist and art critic  Alla Sokolova from Adygea. In 2015 Alla Sokolova is going to celebrate her anniversary. The author of the article provides a description of the polycultural environment in Kazakhstan and Sokolova's professional music education (received in Karaganda and Almaty) which encouraged a better understanding of Kazakh music and efficient methods of studying Kazakh folk art. The author also describes the first years of Alla Sokolova's professional activity and the beginning of scientific researches on the identity and values of the Adyghe folk music. The author of the present article proves the fact that it is possible to analyze and research ethnic culture for a scientist who is not a genetic bearer of tradition. It is emphasized that ethnographic researches started by Kazakhs in the nineteenth century were based on the traditions of Russian science and were written mostly in Russian. The main method used by the author to analyze the scientific activity of Alla Sokolova is the diachronic method combined with the method of structural analysis which has allowed to describe the main focus of her work including research, mentoring, enlightenment and social practice. The novelty of this research is caused by the fact that the author presents a brief review of the main works of Alla Sokolova that demonstrate how she developed the methodology of her system research of the Adyghe music culture. It is proved that her research and mentoring activities created the basis for a scientific school. Alla Sokolova's researches have become an example for many researchers of folk music of Caucasus and Russia in general. The author proves that Adyghe ethnomusicology presented by Alla Sokolova should be recognized at the international level. Foreign speeches and publications of Alla Sokolova present Adyghe music culture to the international academic community systematically. In her researches Alla Sokolova combines narrow music studies with a broader cultural research of long-term complex processes. 
 

Abstract: The subject of this study is the existence of ethnic costume of Circassians in modern conditions the multi-ethnic region, which is the Republic of Adygea. On the basis of historical, ethnographic and sociological data structure functions, symbolic content, aesthetic principles of the Adyghe ethnic costume are detected. Noted a close correlation between the structure of a traditional costume with a moral complex of "Adyghe the xabz" requiring a person to be physically fit, moderate in food, to care about his body as the greatest value. The role of ethnic costume in the minds and practice of modern Circassians is presented. The method of structural-functional analysis, ethnographic method, and the method of survey used to understand the cultural role of Circassian costume as a means of marking the nation and also how positive intercultural communication. The result of this survey, the fact that sustainable conservation of ethnic costume in a festive and ritual practice of ethnic group, and also the appearance of a new function attribute-ideological are detected. Culture-creating role of the Adyghe ethnic costume in modern social and cultural situation of the multi-ethnic region, as well as its role as a source of maintaining ethnic and cultural identity of modern Circassians is proved.