Abstract: This article examines the role of cottage communities' remoteness from urban infrastructure in shaping a unique living environment, where traditional security mechanisms are either delayed or ineffective. Due to their geographic and infrastructural isolation, residents of cottage communities face a wide range of threats. A comprehensive approach to the safety of residents of cottage communities located outside the reach of city services remains fragmented.The integration of technical security measures, engineering protection, architectural planning solutions, and social self-organization into a unified "comprehensive security" system remains understudied. An analysis of the impact of remoteness revealed two key security aspects: the impact on emergency response times and the impact on the reliability of life support systems. The research method was a sociological survey conducted in the form of formal face-to-face interviews at the respondents' places of residence. The study's novelty lies in its analysis of the opinions of cottage community residents, which allowed us to identify the risks of suburban living associated with spatial isolation from urban infrastructure, as well as to identify problems and proposals for ensuring comprehensive security in cottage communities, divided into key areas focused on different stages—from site selection to day-to-day management. Modern technologies offer comprehensive solutions that significantly reduce risks for remote cottage communities. The key principle is to create a maximally autonomous, intelligent, and redundant environment. The use of such solutions allows for the creation of an integrated security environment within a remote cottage community: an energy framework (AGEK) ensures that security and life support systems are never without power; intelligent video surveillance (with AI and audio analytics) provides 24/7 monitoring of the perimeter and public areas, identifying threats at an early stage; a digital perimeter (ACS and panic buttons) controls the flow of visitors and vehicles, and in a critical situation, allows for immediate assistance, eliminating the distance.

Keywords: integrated security, cottage communities, remote infrastructure, risks, autonomous systems, sustainable development of territories, survey, environmental factors, engineering protection, technical means of security

Abstract: This article examines a systems approach to combating desertification using large-scale shelterbelts established by several countries (the USSR/Russia, China, and African countries). It demonstrates that the planting of wide shelterbelts in the southeast of European Russia (ER) after World War II and the 1946 drought proved successful, protecting farmland from dry winds. However, these shelterbelts have now been largely lost, leading to desertification in Kalmykia and several other regions of Russia. Among the causes of tree mortality are their advanced age and a number of diseases, the spread of which is linked to climate change. The implementation dynamics of the "Great Green Wall" project to create a massive shelterbelt south of the Sahara from the 1980s to the present are examined. A comparative analysis of the implementation of the Great Green Wall projects in the South Sahara, the Chinese Green Wall (China), and the experience of combating desertification in the southern regions of the USSR was conducted. The relevance of creating a system of shelterbelts on the border with deserts is beyond doubt in terms of improving the state of local ecosystems. In terms of achieving the UN Sustainable Development Goals (2015–2030), afforestation cannot always be considered a method for slowing global warming by capturing part of the carbon dioxide from the atmosphere. Based on the results of the analysis, it was concluded that monoculture in forest plantations should be avoided, gaps should be created in them, slope exposure and altitudinal zonation should be taken into account when choosing crops, and shelterbelts should be restored taking into account the lifespan of trees. Plantations in the Sahel are not self-regenerating forests. They require a long period of care and repair, as in the biological reclamation of poor soils. Regular replanting of trees in shelterbelts is required, taking into account their lifespan.

Keywords: desertification, forest belts, tree species, wild plants, soviet experience, China, Sahel, Africa, artificial forest plantations, climate change

Abstract: The subject of the study is a set of organizational, legal, technical, and preventive measures aimed at ensuring the anti-terrorist security of educational organizations in the Russian Federation. The article examines anti-terrorist security not as a sum of individual measures but as a comprehensive system for managing the safety of the educational environment, which includes categorization of facilities, development of security protocols, organization of access and intra-facility regimes, application of security technical means, alarm and notification systems, as well as training of personnel and preventive work with students. Special attention is paid to the interrelationship between regulatory requirements and practical mechanisms for their implementation in educational organizations. The study also addresses the issue of coordinating anti-terrorist measures with fire safety requirements, evacuation, and the everyday functioning of educational institutions. The research is based on systematic, comparative-legal, and classificatory approaches. The materials for the study include the regulatory legal acts of the Russian Federation, national standards and codes of practice, scientific publications on issues of comprehensive safety in educational organizations, as well as practice-oriented industry materials on technical notification systems. The scientific novelty lies in substantiating a comprehensive approach to ensuring the anti-terrorist security of educational organizations, where legal, organizational, engineering-technical, staff, and preventive measures are viewed as interconnected elements of a unified security system. Unlike approaches primarily focused on meeting formal requirements or installing individual technical means, the article proposes a systematization of protection methods based on functional purposes and levels of managerial impact. It concludes that the effectiveness of anti-terrorist security is determined not only by the presence of a security protocols, access control, video surveillance, alarm systems, and notification systems, but also by the degree of their integration into the daily activities of the educational organization. The necessity of coordinating anti-terrorist measures with fire safety requirements, evacuation, and the provision of an accessible educational environment is emphasized.

Keywords: safety of the educational environment, anti-terrorist security, access control regime, internal security regime, technical security systems, warning and notification system, fire safety, evacuation, alarm signaling system, risk management