The impact of working conditions on the formation of motivational, meaningful, and value relations of an individual in professional activity

Kamalova Oksana Maksimovna Postgraduate student of the Institute of Foreign Languages of the Patrice Lumumba Peoples' Friendship University of Russia 117198, Russia, Moscow, Miklukho-Maklaya str., 9, building 4 mak-kom25@mail.ru Other publications by this author

Introduction

The motivational, semantic and value relations of a person in the field of professional activity are a complex and multifaceted process that includes the interaction of various factors that affect the effectiveness of both the employees themselves and the organization as a whole. An important place in the management of labor relations is occupied by the factor of organizing safe working conditions that contribute to increasing labor productivity and employee satisfaction.

In modern conditions, work is becoming an integral part of human life, it is important to understand how various psychological aspects of the work process affect the motivation, personal meanings and value relationships of employees. Working conditions are a set of elements that form the production environment and the work process. In this case, it is important to take into account the personal characteristics of employees and their needs, allowing them to create safe conditions for performing professional duties.

The relevance of the research is determined by the need to identify the level of influence of working conditions on the formation of motivational, semantic and value relations of a person in professional activity. The study of motivation, personal meanings and value relations of an individual in the professional sphere in the context of psychology and sociology is an important step towards understanding which factors of professional activity affect the effectiveness of the labor process of employees. Understanding these aspects makes it possible to identify what motivates employees, what factors motivate them to take action, and how employees' motivational, semantic, and value relationships relate to working conditions.

The object of the research is the motivational, semantic and value relations of a personality.

The subject of the research is the factors of working conditions that affect the motivational, semantic and value relations of employees.

The purpose of the study is to identify psychological aspects that allow us to assess the impact of working conditions on the formation of motivational, semantic and value relations of employees.

The research hypothesis reflects the assumption that factors of working conditions play a key role in the organization's management system, ensuring that the basic needs of employees are met and creating conditions for their self-realization. Factors of working conditions can have both positive and negative effects on the formation of motivational, semantic and value relations.

The scientific novelty of this study is a detailed study of the influence of working conditions on the formation of motivational, semantic and value relations of a person to professional activity. The importance of this research lies in the fact that it not only examines the traditional aspects of job satisfaction, but also aims to identify the interrelationships between working conditions and motivational, semantic and value relationships of the individual.

The practical significance of the study is determined by the fact that the results of the study can be widely used by sociologists, psychologists, occupational safety specialists, teachers in the educational process, managers and employees of personnel management services of various organizations, as well as scientists to further deepen theoretical knowledge and develop new concepts in the field of personnel management and organizational behavior.

Literature analysis

Such outstanding scientists as S.V. Belov, A.A. Gavrikov, N.L. Golovin, K. Dukan, V.S. Kramar, N.N. Krasnogorskaya made an important contribution to the study of issues related to the creation of safe working conditions in professional activities, as well as to the development of recommendations and practical solutions to improve working conditions. D. Cooper, V.L. Lapin, P.V. Markov, O.V. Usikova, O.V., G.Z. Feinburg and others.

The problem of the organization of working conditions in the activities of organizations was considered by V.N. Bobkov, who believes that working conditions are a complex objective social phenomenon that is formed in the course of work under the influence of interrelated socio-economic, technical, organizational and natural factors. These factors have an impact on a person's ability to work, his attitude to work and the level of satisfaction with it, as well as on labor efficiency and other economic results of production, quality of life and comprehensive human development as the main element of the productive force of society ^{[4, pp. 35-58]}.

Based on the results of V.Y. Baranov's research on improving socio-economic indicators in the context of labor protection and its impact on labor productivity growth, it can be concluded that the economic well-being of any enterprise depends on the work of its employees. Therefore, the regulation of social and labor relations in all spheres of labor activity, including labor protection, is an important element of effective management of the organization. In the process of work, various factors affect human health and performance, such as technical, ergonomic, sanitary, psychophysical, social, climatic and economic factors. Managing working conditions and interaction between employees and employers contributes not only to increasing productivity, but also to improving the overall climate in the team, which in turn affects the success and sustainability of the enterprise in the long term ^{[3, pp.59-61]}.

According to M.A. Kulikova, the organization of labor protection is a set of measures aimed at protecting the labor rights of employees and ensuring safe working conditions in accordance with the requirements of legislation and other regulatory legal acts in the field of labor protection ^{[13, 75-78]}.

According to K. Duncan, the workplace safety culture is a joint effort of employees aimed at creating a healthy and safe working environment with high productivity. In such organizations, management and employees share common goals and values in the field of occupational safety ^{[7, 1-3]}.

Based on the research of scientists in the field of sociology, it can be concluded that working conditions are crucial in the effective work of employees and their attitude to the labor process. The workflow includes a set of tasks, the allocation of responsibilities, and the interaction between employees. The organization of occupational safety measures, compliance with safety standards and norms at the workplace, helps to minimize the risks of injury and occupational diseases.

Such outstanding scientists as A.G. Asmolov, O.A. Bobrykin, F.E. Vasilyuk, L.S. Vygotsky, E.L. Desi, A.N. Leontiev, D.A. Leontiev, A.R. Luria, A. Maslow, V.N. Myasishchev made a significant contribution to the study of motivation, personal meaning, and value orientations in professional activity., R.M. Ryan, K. Rogers, V. Frankl and others.

L.S. Vygotsky emphasized the presence of dynamic semantic systems in the individual consciousness of a personality, which reflect the unity of affective and intellectual processes. In his work, he coined the term "semantic experience", which refers to the complex perception and comprehension of emotional and cognitive experience. This concept helps us understand how a person integrates his feelings and thoughts, creating a holistic view of the world and himself in it. In addition, the scientist emphasized that semantic experience plays a key role in the development of personality and the formation of its unique experience, which contributes to a deeper understanding of the interaction between emotions and thinking ^{[6, p. 132]}.

According to A. Maslow, the main motive is a person's desire to maximize their abilities and a sense of competence. Motivation aimed at achieving goals varies depending on the specific circumstances and the type of activity in which a person participates. The desire for self-development encourages a person to self-improvement and progress, which, in turn, contributes to his active work and personal growth ^{[15, p. 46]}.

Motivation and semantic connections of a personality have a number of characteristics that depend on a person's social position and on a set of motives associated with this position. A.N. Leontiev notes that personal meaning is present in the individual's mind, and semantic attitudes reflect this meaning within the framework of activity, manifesting as readiness for certain actions ^{[14, p. 273]}.

In the field of studying motivation and the meaning of life, scientists E.L. Deci and R.M. Ryan, K. Rogers and V. Frankl proposed original approaches to the analysis of factors influencing human activity. Carl Rogers emphasizes the importance of self-realization and personal growth, considering motivation to be a key factor, highlighting the main positive elements in the formation of motivation such as acceptance and empathy. In his works, Rogers argues that the pursuit of self-realization is a natural part of human nature, and creating conditions for this process contributes to the development of personality.

V. Frankl focuses on the importance of finding meaning in life as the main motivational factor, arguing that awareness of the meaning of life is an integral part of human existence and a powerful source of motivation.

The theory of self-determination, developed by E. Deci and R. Ryan, presents a psychological approach to understanding human motivation, personality, and psychological well-being, examining in detail the factors of internal and external motivation. The main ideas of this approach include: internal motivation based on self-determination, competence and interrelation with other people; various types of external motivation that regulate human behavior and differ significantly in their characteristics; the importance of the social context for the effective functioning of the individual and various manifestations of forms of motivation ^{[7, p. 73]}.

The system of value orientations is a psychological characteristic of a mature personality and personality formations, reflecting a person's meaningful attitude to social reality. In this context, it determines the motivation of his actions and has a significant impact on all aspects of human activity. As an element of the personality structure, value orientations demonstrate an internal willingness to perform certain actions to meet needs and indicate the direction of his behavior ^{[17, pp. 286-289]}.

Research by scientists in the field of psychology and sociology shows that improving working conditions contributes to a significant increase in productivity and a reduction in the incidence of diseases among workers. A comfortable working environment, including optimal lighting, air quality, comfortable furniture and noise minimization, plays a key role in improving work efficiency. Employees who are in favorable conditions not only perform better at their tasks, but also face fewer occupational diseases and stress.

According to the analysis of scientific research, we have identified the main factors of working conditions, such as physical, organizational and psychological, which have a special impact on labor productivity and the overall quality of life of employees.

Physical factors of working conditions include elements such as lighting, temperature, noise level and air quality, furniture, and other elements that may affect workers' health.

For example, the lack of natural light in the workplace can negatively affect workers' health, causing vision problems and contributing to the development of psychoemotional disorders such as depression and anxiety. Research shows that lack of sunlight can also lower serotonin levels, which affects overall mood and performance. On the other hand, high noise levels in the office or at work can lead to chronic stress and fatigue. Constant sound stimuli distract attention, reduce concentration, and can cause headaches. As a result, employees become less productive and more prone to burnout. Creating a comfortable acoustic environment and ensuring adequate access to natural light are important aspects for maintaining employee health and efficiency.

Organizational factors of working conditions relate to management processes and represent one of the important factors such as workflow, occupational safety, work schedule, level of qualification and training of employees. The organization of occupational safety measures, compliance with safety norms and standards at the workplace, minimizes the risks of injury and occupational diseases. The workflow includes a set of tasks, the allocation of responsibilities, and the interaction between employees. An effective work schedule allows employees to efficiently allocate their time and energy, which in turn reduces stress and fatigue.

Psychological factors of working conditions play an important role in human work and include the emotional state of employees, motivation, personal meaning, value orientations, interpersonal relationships, stress levels, etc. For example, positive interpersonal relationships in a team and support from colleagues and management can significantly increase motivation and reduce negative emotions. this, in turn, contributes to improving the overall quality of life of employees. Among the current trends in personnel management, special attention is paid to the psychological state of employees and their health. More and more organizations are implementing programs to improve the physical and mental health of employees.

The study of the influence of working conditions on the motivational and semantic relations of a personality will help to establish the main factors of working conditions that have the greatest impact on motivation, personal meaning and value relations of a personality in professional activity.

Research methods and methodology

The theoretical and methodological basis of this research is the work of Russian and foreign scientists in the field of psychology and sociology, dealing with issues of motivation, personal meaning and the organization of labor protection in human professional activity. In the process of analyzing the literature, key concepts related to motivational factors influencing professional activity, as well as approaches to creating a safe and efficient work environment, were studied. The main instrumental paradigm for the subsequent interpretation of the obtained results were:

- theoretical concepts and models of personality developed by leading Russian scientists, such as A. G. Asmolov, V. N. Myasishchev, S. L. Rubinstein, A. N. Leontiev, and others, based on key principles of psychological science, such as the unity of consciousness and activity, development, and a systematic approach;

- experimental and theoretical studies concerning the value-semantic structure of personality (B. S. Bratus, D. A. Leontiev, F. E. B. A. Sosnovsky, V. Frankl, K. Rogers, etc.), as well as research in the field of sociology and economics (S.V. Belov, N.L. Golovin, K. Dukan, V.S. Kramar, N.N. Krasnogorskaya, D. Cooper, V.L. Lapin, P.V. Markov, O.V. Usikova, O.V., G.Z. Feinburg, and others).

Both theoretical and empirical methods were used in the course of the study. The theoretical methods include the descriptive method, the categorization method, and the comparative analysis method. The descriptive method made it possible to describe the existing working conditions and identify their impact on the formation of motivational, semantic and value relations of employees. The categorization method was used to systematize the data obtained and identify the main factors influencing motivation and value orientations. The method of comparative analysis made it possible to compare the results of the study with data from other studies in the field of psychology and sociology, which made it possible to identify general trends and specific features of the relationship between working conditions and motivational-semantic relationships of a person in professional activity.

Empirical methods such as questionnaires, interviews, and observation were used to collect primary information about the impact of working conditions on the formation of motivational, semantic, and value relationships in a person's professional activities.

In order to collect empirical data, an author's questionnaire was developed, which includes questions aimed at assessing working conditions, job satisfaction, as well as personal values and motives of employees.

The questionnaire questions were formulated in such a way as to get the most complete picture of the employees' opinion about working conditions and their impact on motivational, semantic and value relations. In addition, the results of the survey will help to understand which factors of working conditions have the greatest impact on job satisfaction and how they relate to general working conditions.

Collecting data through this questionnaire will help identify key issues and areas for improvement, which can further enhance the productivity and well-being of employees in the organization.

The study was conducted on the basis of the Republican Forestry Agency for the Republic of Buryatia. 203 agency employees took part in the survey, including foresters, foresters, district foresters, parachutists, firefighters, drivers and other specialists aged 20 to 60 years.

The results of the study

Table 1 shows the main indicators of the attitude of employees to the physical, organizational and psychological factors of working conditions and their impact on the formation of motivational and semantic relations of personality in professional activity.

Table 1. Motivational-semantic and value-based

personality relations in professional activity

Discussion of the research results

In the course of the research, we analyzed the attitude of employees to the physical, organizational and psychological factors of working conditions and their impact on the formation of motivational and semantic relationships of a person in professional activity. Data collection was carried out in a real work environment, which allowed us to obtain reliable results on the impact of professional activity on motivation, personal meanings and values of employees. The professional activity of forestry workers is a complex labor process, and work often takes place in remote and hard-to-reach places, including adverse weather conditions and potentially dangerous emergencies related to wild animals, forest conditions, and other factors.

Physical factors of working conditions. A study of the influence of physical factors of working conditions showed that 93.1% of employees believe that comfortable working conditions have been created in the organization. The workplaces are equipped with both natural and artificial lighting, ventilation of the premises is provided, and an air ventilation system is available.

The organization complies with the standards of working conditions related to the organization of workplaces, so the organization's workplaces are equipped with the necessary furniture, computer equipment, as well as specialized equipment and tools. This opinion is shared by 85.7% of employees, which indicates a high level of satisfaction with working conditions. The availability of modern and functional workplace equipment helps to increase work efficiency and create a comfortable atmosphere for performing professional tasks.

Compliance with sanitary and hygienic standards in the organization is the most important aspect ensuring the health and safety of employees. During the conversation, the employees of the organization (83.2%) confirmed that the management pays special attention to the observance of sanitary and hygienic standards in the organization. Thus, the introduction and strict observance of sanitary and hygienic standards not only protects the health of employees, but also helps to increase their productivity, which is a key factor for the successful functioning of the organization.

Providing employees with the necessary equipment, special clothing for the safe performance of work, modern and high-quality equipment not only minimizes the risk of injury, but also helps to increase work efficiency. According to forestry workers (99%), the organization's management pays special attention to workplace safety issues. Thus, the organization has created favorable physical working conditions that meet modern standards.

Organizational factors of working conditions. When studying the influence of organizational factors of working conditions on the motivational, semantic and value relations of a person in professional activity, it was found that the forestry agency has developed the necessary regulatory legal acts and methodological recommendations aimed at creating a safe working environment. 97.5% of forestry workers believe that the organization has developed clear rules and regulations governing the actions of employees in various situations. According to employees, compliance with occupational safety standards helps to create a favorable working environment and reduce the likelihood of injury and illness among employees.

A high degree of awareness of forestry workers about the safe performance of their duties has been established, which not only increases the level of safety, but also strengthens the confidence of employees in the management of the organization. Thus, 96.5% of forestry workers say that they have access to training, instructions and materials that help them effectively deal with potential risks and help prevent accidents in the organization.

Conducting occupational safety briefings and seminars aimed at educating employees on safe working methods and rules of conduct in emergency situations helps to create a safe working environment and reduce the risks of occupational injuries. 99.5% of forestry workers confirm that the organization regularly conducts briefings, which helps to raise awareness of potential risks and precautions, which, in turn, significantly reduces the likelihood of accidents in the workplace. Employees appreciate the opportunity to gain new knowledge and skills that help them act confidently in difficult situations.

94.5% of employees believe that the organization has a high level of organization of working conditions, which includes effective planning, workplace optimization, the introduction of modern technologies and regular training. According to the results obtained, it can be concluded that the organization implements measures to create favorable working conditions that have a direct impact on the health of employees and minimize the risks associated with labor processes.

Psychological factors of working conditions. In the process of studying the psychological factors of working conditions on the motivational, semantic and value relations of a person, it was established that favorable socio-psychological conditions have been created in the forestry agency. The survey results showed that 88.1% of employees believe that a positive socio-psychological climate has been established in the organization, which indicates a high level of mutual understanding and support among employees, as well as constructive interaction between employees and management.

The vast majority of employees (95.6%) disagree with the statement that the organization has a high level of stress in the workplace. Thus, the measures taken to create a comfortable working environment, introduce programs of support and care for the psycho-emotional state of employees help to reduce stress levels and increase overall job satisfaction.

Providing high-quality feedback from management indicates that there is an open and supportive working atmosphere in which every employee can count on help and advice from management, which is confirmed by the opinion of 87.6% of forestry workers. This approach helps to create a trusting relationship between employees and management. High-quality feedback not only strengthens the corporate culture, but also increases the motivation and involvement of employees in the work process.

One of the main conditions for effective performance of work is that the assigned duties correspond to the qualifications and experience of employees, as 93.5% of forestry workers in the organization are confident that the level of complexity of the tasks performed corresponds to their skills and experience. In such circumstances, employees feel confident and are able to effectively cope with their tasks.

During the conversation with forestry workers, it was revealed that the main source of motivation, as well as semantic and value relations of the organization's employees, is to ensure a safe working environment and a favorable socio-psychological climate in the team. Forestry workers feel comfortable in their work environment, as 97.6% of employees do not express a desire to change their professional activities due to special working conditions. Nevertheless, for the remaining 2.4%, this aspect is important and may indicate the need for a more attentive approach to working conditions and interaction with staff. Consequently, the feeling of safety and confidence of employees can be associated with several main factors of working conditions, including effective management and strict compliance with occupational safety standards.

Conclusions

Based on the conducted research, it can be concluded that compliance with occupational safety standards and the creation of favorable working conditions ensures physical and psychological safety, and reduces the risks associated with professional activity. In addition, the study shows that the physical, psychological, and social aspects of the work environment are directly related to the level of motivation, personal meaning, and value orientations of an individual. The availability of modern and functional equipment helps to increase productivity and create a comfortable atmosphere for performing professional tasks. The introduction and strict observance of sanitary and hygienic standards not only protects the health of employees, but also helps to increase their productivity. Providing employees with the necessary equipment, special clothing for the safe performance of work duties and modern high-quality tools minimizes the risk of injury and increases work efficiency. In addition, the availability of necessary regulations and methodological recommendations aimed at creating a safe working environment contributes not only to the formation of a comfortable working atmosphere, but also to reducing the likelihood of injury and illness among employees. Employees' awareness of safe working methods and rules of conduct in emergency situations creates conditions for a safe working environment and reduces the risks of occupational injuries. Consequently, one of the main conditions for effective performance of work is the creation of favorable working conditions in the organization, which affects labor productivity and the overall quality of life of employees. Safe working conditions contribute to the physical well-being of employees, having a significant impact on their psychological state. Thus, favorable working conditions contribute not only to improving work efficiency, but also ensure the safety of workers. On the contrary, unfavorable working conditions can lead to occupational diseases, decreased motivation, personal meaning and, as a result, to a deterioration in labor productivity.

Practical recommendations

Creating safe working conditions is an integral part of an organization's management strategy. An integrated approach to improving the physical, psychological and organizational environment allows not only to increase labor productivity, but also to improve the quality of life of employees. In an ever-changing labor market, organizations that invest in creating comfortable conditions for their employees gain a competitive advantage and contribute to the sustainable development of their business. In addition, creating an atmosphere of trust and mutual assistance in the team helps to strengthen team spirit and improve interpersonal relationships. An important aspect is also the opportunity for professional growth and development. Organizations that invest in training and professional development of their employees not only enhance their competencies, but also create a sense of the value and significance of their work.

In order to increase the effectiveness of professional activities, the heads of organizations are recommended to carry out the following activities::

1. Monitoring of working conditions: Continuous monitoring of working conditions should be carried out, which should include an analysis of physical, organizational and psychological factors. Monitoring will make it possible to identify potential problems in a timely manner and take measures to eliminate them.

2. Creating a favorable socio-psychological climate: organizing events aimed at creating and maintaining a positive socio-psychological climate in the team (trainings, corporate events and open discussions).

3. Management support for employees:Managers should actively support employees by creating an atmosphere of trust and engagement (regular one-on-one meetings, feedback on work results, and recognition of employee achievements).

4. Commitment to high ethical standards and social responsibility: Organizations are encouraged to adhere to high ethical standards and actively demonstrate their social responsibility by forming positive value relationships among employees based on mutual respect and trust.

The implementation of recommendations to improve working conditions in the organization becomes an integral part of strategic human resource management. An enabling environment not only helps to increase employee motivation and satisfaction, but is also a strategically important step that allows organizations to adapt to changes in the market and achieve sustainable growth.

Conclusion

Based on the results of the study, it can be concluded that working conditions represent a complex of factors that have a significant impact on the orientation and level of motivational, semantic and value relations of a person in professional activity. Physical, organizational, and psychological factors of working conditions have a direct impact on increasing job satisfaction and employees' understanding of personal and professional values.

One of the main factors of working conditions influencing the formation of motivational, semantic and value relations of a personality are:

- physical factors of working conditions directly affect the health and efficiency of employees, comfortable working conditions contribute to increased productivity and reduced stress levels;

- organizational factors of working conditions, such as workflow, occupational safety, organization of occupational safety measures, compliance with safety norms and standards at the workplace contribute to the formation of a sense of belonging to the team, and increase the level of internal motivation of the individual;

- psychological factors include the socio-psychological climate in the team, leadership style and the level of trust between employees, having a great impact on the emotional state of employees and reduces the risk of professional burnout.

There is a significant relationship between working conditions and motivational, semantic and value relationships of a person, contributing to both self-realization and employee satisfaction, as well as achieving high results in professional activities. Along with this, the study established the importance of observing the psychological factors of working conditions, which play a key role in shaping the motivational and semantic relationships of employees.

Psychological aspects such as stress levels, emotional support from colleagues and management, and the availability of opportunities for self-expression significantly affect how employees perceive their work and the organization as a whole. Consequently, attention to the psychological factors of working conditions not only improves the atmosphere in the team, but also contributes to achieving high results in the organization's activities. Emotional state, stress levels, and overall job satisfaction affect how employees perceive their responsibilities and the goals of the organization. Personal value relationships also have an impact on the perception of working conditions. Employees whose personal values align with the corporate culture of the organization are more likely to be highly productive and satisfied with their work.

The absence of measures in the organization aimed at creating favorable working conditions leads to negative consequences that have a destructive effect on the employee's personality, leading to professional burnout. In addition, unfavorable working conditions are characterized by a decrease in professional efficiency and depletion of employees' emotional resources. It is important to note that negative factors of working conditions not only reduce productivity, but can also lead to conflicts within the team, which further aggravates the situation.

The motivational, semantic and value relationships of employees are a key element of strategic human resource management, contributing not only to the individual growth of employees, but also to improving the efficiency of the labor process. Employees who understand the meaning of their activities and see their importance demonstrate the best results in performing professional tasks.

Considering the above, it can be argued that the creation of safe working conditions has a positive impact on the formation of motivational, semantic and value relationships of a person and is an important element in personnel management. Effective management of working conditions contributes to the formation of positive motivational and semantic relationships of the individual, which in turn leads to increased productivity and improved work quality.