Abstract: This article explores the peculiarities of the phenomenon of poverty in the post-Soviet Russia as one of the key social indicators of the achieved level of well-being and sustainable development of the country. The subject of this research is the socioeconomic relations that condition the persistence of large-scale absolute and relative poverty, and excessive social inequality in the country. The goal consists in outlining boundaries of the existing methodology of definition of poverty; as well as in substantiating that the use of modern methods leads to lowering the subsistence line and minimum wage. The author forms the databases necessary for displaying the absolute and relative poverty threshold in Russia and other foreign countries for the period 2000 – 2019. The article also employs Data Mining. The information framework is comprised of the official statistics of Rosstat and Eurostat, usa.gov International Monetary Fund, World Bank, legal reference system ConsultantPlus; annual reports of the Credit Suisse Institute, World Inequality Lab; infographics of the information analytical portal Knoema. In the course of an analytical retrospective assessment of dynamics of the key indicators of poverty threshold in the Russian Federation, the author establishes a significant discrepancy between the official and actual threshold, which distorts the relevant picture of poverty, impedes the development of the effective strategy for overcoming poverty, which imparts chronic character to this phenomenon. Relying on the relevant foreign experience of poverty reduction strategy, as well as scientific and practical works of the Russian experts in this field, the author justifies the measures for eradication of poverty in the Russian Federation. Recommendations are given for amending the state policy on promoting reduction of poverty in modern Russia, taking into account the need to overcome excessive social inequality.

Abstract: The goal of this research is a review of the complex indicative systems and indicators used in the European Union, which allow giving a multi-criteria assessment to social justice, in the interests of adaptation of positive European experience in Russia. The information base of this research consists of the data from the European Commission on EU social indicators, materials on social integration monitoring in Europe, and Bertelsmann independent foundation of private law on components of social justice indicator; data of two-year report of the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development “Society at a Glance”. To achieve the set goals, the work employs the following general scientific methods of research: scientific abstraction, analysis and synthesis, induction and deduction, comparison. The authors conduct comparative analysis on the most complex system of social indicators used in the European practice; determine their benefits and flaws, as well as the methodological problems of application in the conditions of the current system of statistics in Russia. A proposal is made to adapt and use the methodology of calculating multi-criteria social justice indicator in Russian practice.