Abstract: The object of this research is visually impaired people as an invariant of disabled people of discredited stigmatype. The subject of this research is the employment of visually impaired people of working age, members of the Khabarovsk local organization of All-Russia Association of the Blind (VOS). The goal of this work is determine the level of official and unofficial employment of visually impaired people and the factors affecting it. The author notes that despite positive changes taking place in the Institution of employment assistance for people with disabilities, the representatives of nosology of the disabled people with discredited stigmatype are still being discriminated in the job market, finding jobs in their close social circle or working in places that are not adjusted to their needs. It is established that visually impaired people are actively engaged into the sphere of social and labor relations, the great majority of them have work experience in the status of a visually impaired person in jobs that are not adjusted to their specificities. People with disabilities more often are employed officially. Social and labor integration of people with health limitations first and foremost depends on their level of education, qualifications and work experience, as well as on the age of being registered as a disabled person. The key motive for employment is the need for broadening social interactions. The novelty of this work consist in revealing the structure of official and unofficial employment of visually impaired people in accordance with disability groups, age, level of education, and other characteristics, as well as in outlining the factors, conditions, and motives that affect the their employment status, and obstacles for their promotion. The scientific relevance of the acquired results consists in expansion and specification of a range of issues that require closer joint attention of the members of the project, academic, and practice-oriented communities, as well as in highlighting the key aspects of employment assistance for people with disabilities of discredited stigmatype.

Abstract: The object of this research is the transformation of the institution for employment opportunities of the persons with disabilities in the context of modernization of the state social policy aimed at increasing the level of their social integration. The subject of this research is the employment situation of persons with disabilities as a result of the transformation of the institution for their employment opportunities. The goal consists is to determine how the changes in the mechanism of functionality of the institution for employment opportunities of persons with disabilities affected their employment situation during the pre-pandemic and pandemic periods. The author notes that as a social phenomenon, disability is the consequence of physical and social barriers formed by the society towards its citizens, which do not correspond to the accepted standards of a normal person. The assistance to employment inclusion of the persons with disabilities, as a condition for their successful social adaptation and integration, is one of the priority vectors in social policy of the state. The main results consist in the following: determination of the towards an increase in the share of persons with disabilities of working age on the background of the continuing decline in their overall number; emergence of positive changes in functionality of the mechanism of the institution for employment opportunities of persons with disabilities, namely the growing number of disabled people employed by the job center; no effect of these changes upon the employment situation of the persons with disabilities of discredited stigmatization. The author believes that the transformation of the institution of employment of the persons with disabilities affected only thee category, which does not have external manifestations of disability. The persons with visible disabilities still do not feel the positive impact of changes in the institution of employment. The novelty of this research consists in establishing correlation between the increase of the share of employed persons with disabilities and changes in the institution for employment opportunities and proving the fact that these changes have no effect upon the employment situation of persons with disabilities of discredited stigmatization. The scientific value of the acquired results lies in broadening the range of research fields towards the problem of employment of persons with disabilities of discredited stigmatization.