Abstract: The subject of the article is the interests pursued by Tajikistan and Russia within the Central Asian region. The article elaborates on different categories of interests: national, economic, regional security interests. The author closely examines three strategic goals of the Republic of Tajikistan and Russia's role in addressing regional security issues within the Central Asia region. The relevance of the topic is conditioned bythe growing pace of regional integration in recent years. In this regard, the interests of the parties, their compatibility within the framework of bilateral and multilateral cooperation, the place and role of Tajikistan and Russia in addressing regional issues of economy and security should be identified. The research applies general scientific and particular political and historical research methods, mainly content and event analysis. The novelty of the study is that for the first time the article explores strategic interests of Tajikistan  in the context of its current economic situation and the possibility of economic integration with other states of Central Asia that have already begun to form a new economic space. The main conclusion of the article is that the economic problems of Tajikistan can be solved primarily through breaking the transport impasse, which can only be achieved by establishing cooperation with bordering Uzbekistan and Kyrgyzstan, with which Tajikistan has disagreements over demarcation of the state borders. Also, the author concludes that Russia is the main guarantor of security of the region; under its authority the regional military-political organizations should operate and do operate now.

Abstract: The object of this research is the question of establishment of national security in the Republic of Tajikistan within the framework of the system of regional security. The subject of this research is the vectors, forms, and peculiarities of ensuring national security of Tajikistan, as well as the key stages of establishment of national security within the framework of regional organizations. Main attention is given to the combination of factors that affected the establishment of the system of national security of independent Tajikistan: its domestic processes that took place at the moment of acquiring independence – civil war, proximity to the volatile Afghanistan, terrorist threats, overall situation in CIS after the collapse of USSR, relations with Russia ads the key ally, processes influenced the object of research as part of new CIS. The main conclusion lies in the thesis that any forms of national security of Tajikistan within the framework of the system of regional security and historical retrospective, as well as at the present stage, are “inseparably” tied to Russia, which must guarantee the security of state borders, and serve as a military and financial donor.