Reference:
Kovalev V.A..
Features of the foreign experience of strategic management of the development of national pension systems
// National Security.
2025. № 1.
P. 1-19.
DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2025.1.72946 EDN: CBUAXB URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=72946
Abstract:
The object of the study is pension systems of foreign countries. The subject of the study is the strategic management of pension system development. The paper considers the main characteristics and provisions of the long-term plans of foreign governments for managing the development of national pension systems, interconnected with the long-term goals of the development of the state and containing a set of reasonable tasks, tools, methods and financial resources to achieve this goal. The author has conducted a comparative analysis of strategic planning documents for the prerequisites for their adoption and the planning period, the formulation of indicators of implementation and the main directions of development, the details of development activities and the complexity of the planned changes. The factors influencing and influencing the management of foreign pension systems in the long term are noted. The study examines the question of how much more changes in pension systems are caused by socio-economic shocks and impulses than by government plans. The work uses coefficient, factorial, comparative, vertical and horizontal analysis of pension provision indicators and the implementation of strategic planning documents in foreign countries, and highlights the main components of long-term plans. Conclusions are drawn about the partial preservation of situational management of the development of pension systems and the presence of difficulties in strategic management, complemented by the correlation of waves of increasing and decreasing the number of pension reforms with business cycles. The deterioration of the demographic burden is presented as the main prerequisite for reforms, and the inclusion in the tasks of plans in all countries to introduce or improve the funded component of pension provision and the development of a multicomponent pension system determines the construction of a multi-level and diversified pension system as the main general trend of strategic management. The development planning horizon is from 5 to 14 years. Among the main indicators of their implementation are the replacement rate, the real growth in the size of pensions, indicators of poverty and inequality. In turn, indicators of the balance of the pension system and the absence of an increase in the retirement age are provided only in Moldova and Ireland, respectively.
Keywords:
insurance pensions, social pensions, replacement rate, pension plans, pension reforms, strategic management, pension system, pension insurance, pension provision, social security
Reference:
Chistyakov I.A..
The impact of geopolitical challenges on the development of the automotive market in the context of Industry 4.0
// National Security.
2025. № 1.
P. 57-76.
DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2025.1.72979 EDN: HBXKCX URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=72979
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The subject of the study is the mechanisms of influence of geopolitical challenges on the automotive market in the context of Industry 4.0. The object of the study is the transformational processes in the global and Russian automotive industries under the influence of sanctions, supply chain disruptions and digitalization trends. Special emphasis is placed on the processes of regionalization of the global economy, which is the result of a rethinking of globalization by world powers and the realization that the current global political environment is too unstable, which in turn pushes countries to strengthen their own economies and economic ties with new international partners. The aim of the study is to identify the key factors influencing political instability and new technological solutions on the development of the automotive industry in the context of the transition from globalization to regionalization. Special attention is paid to the Russian automotive market, its current state and prospects. It is also noted how increasing the technological stability of an enterprise will make it less susceptible to political risks. The paper uses analytical methods, including comparative analysis, economic modeling, and a review of current scientific sources and statistical data. The scientific novelty lies in an integrated analysis of the impact of geopolitical challenges on the automotive market through the prism of Industry 4.0 technologies. The main results include conclusions on the need to develop Industry 4.0 technologies to strengthen the national automotive industry and achieve technological sovereignty, recommendations for creating sustainable regional economic platforms for technological exchange with friendly countries, conclusions on the importance of government support programs that They include tax incentives and subsidies to stimulate the domestic automotive industry and specifically high-tech solutions in it, as well as a strategy of cooperation with Chinese automakers with a focus on localization and technology exchange to increase the competitiveness of the Russian automotive industry. The presented results help to form a more sustainable model for the development of the automotive industry, able to withstand external challenges.
Keywords:
digitalization, localization of production, technological independence, sanctions, The Internet of Things, economic security, automotive industry, geopolitics, national markets, global economy
Reference:
Martinov D.V., Mazelis L.S..
Analysis of the effectiveness of seaports in the Far Eastern basin based on a stakeholder approach
// National Security.
2025. № 1.
P. 20-43.
DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2025.1.73011 EDN: BDINEE URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=73011
Abstract:
The article examines current methodological issues of assessing the effectiveness of seaports in the Far Eastern basin, based on a stakeholder approach. Ports play a key role in global supply chains, ensuring economic growth, attracting investment and infrastructure development. However, traditional approaches to evaluating their effectiveness are insufficient, as they do not take into account the interests of various groups of stakeholders. The aim of the study is to develop a universal assessment tool that reflects the needs of all major stakeholder groups, taking into account their importance. Government and corporate reports are used to form the source database. The subject of the study is a methodology for the comprehensive assessment of the effectiveness of seaports using a stakeholder approach. The object of the study is the seaports of the Russian Far Eastern basin, analyzed taking into account their impact on the economic, social and environmental aspects of regional development. The research methodology includes the formation of an integral performance indicator, which is a convolution of stakeholder performance indicators based on an analysis of various aspects of the port's activities and their impact on regional and national development. The novelty of the research lies in an integrated assessment approach that takes into account the interests of stakeholders and links the results with the concept of sustainable development. The findings highlight the importance of port operations not only for the economic and social growth of the region, but also for national security, given their strategic role in global supply chains. The results of the study show that the ports of Vladivostok and Vostochny are the leaders in efficiency, demonstrating consistently high performance in most categories. The ports of De-Kastri and Nikolaevsk-on-Amur turned out to be the least effective. The research results have a wide range of practical applications, both in terms of increasing the port's competitiveness, as well as for sustainable development and balanced growth in socio-economic and environmental contexts.
Keywords:
social efficiency, environmental efficiency, regional efficiency, federal efficiency, sustainable development, competitiveness, Far Eastern Basin, the stakeholder approach, port performance indicators, seaport
Reference:
Derzayeva G.G., Aletkin P.A..
Partnership finance: challenges and opportunities for Russia and CIS countries
// National Security.
2024. № 6.
P. 47-64.
DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2024.6.72566 EDN: THZAPE URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=72566
Abstract:
The subject of the article is strategic approaches to the development of partner financing in Russia and the CIS countries. The object of the study is the steps taken by scientists, practitioners, specialists and the government so that Russian partner financing organizations could integrate into the Eastern international markets in the best and most effective way. The purpose of the study is to identify the challenges and opportunities that open up for Russia and the CIS countries in connection with the implementation of the principles and rules of partner financing in economic phenomena. The study is conducted in the context of the CIS countries: Russia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan and Uzbekistan. Using the methods of analysis and synthesis, comparison and contrast, scientific analysis, the article examines the current state of partner financing activities in Russia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan and Uzbekistan. Based on the results of the study, the article concludes that among the CIS countries that are members of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, the most developed system of Islamic banking is in Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan. However, in these countries, despite the widespread use of both Islamic banks themselves or individual Islamic products, and a fairly developed legislative and practical framework, there are still many unresolved problems of implementing Islamic economic principles. The Islamic Development Bank plays a huge role in solving these problems in these countries. Many issues of the theory and practice of partner financing remain undisclosed, since the topic of partner financing is quite new for the countries under consideration, for example, for Russian reality, the federal law on partner financing was put into effect only in 2023. In addition, the study allowed us to conclude that it is important to amend tax legislation, legislation on self-regulatory organizations, non-credit financial organizations and insurance.
Keywords:
Islamic banking, banking sector, financial reporting, investments, capital market, financial instruments, sukuk, federal law, partnership financing, CIS countries
Reference:
Starovoitov V.G., Krupnov Y.A..
Special economic zones as a mechanism for territorial development ensuring national security in the context of sanctions restrictions
// National Security.
2024. № 6.
P. 65-83.
DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2024.6.68819 EDN: ZXROXX URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=68819
Abstract:
The subject of the study is the socio-economic relations that arise during the formation and functioning of special economic zones in the Russian Federation under the conditions of sanctions restrictions. The object of the study is the economic development and ensuring the national security of Russia in the context of sanctions pressure from "Western" countries. The purpose of the study is to develop recommendations on the creation and functioning of special economic zones to ensure socio-economic development and national security of Russia under sanctions. In order to achieve this goal, successfully functioning special economic zones were analyzed. The economic and social changes arising in Russian regions and municipalities as a result of the SEZ activities are identified. It is shown that these changes are complex and have a significant positive effect on the socio-economic development of the territory. The necessity of the formation and functioning of special economic zones in the Russian Federation is substantiated. The research used the method of system analysis, comparative analysis, the method of analysis and synthesis, methods of structural and factor analysis. The main conclusions of the study: - in conditions of severe sanctions restrictions, the structural transformation of the economy is being carried out based on domestic resources and domestic capital; - SEZs with developed infrastructure and favorable business conditions are an effective mechanism for attracting investments, expanding import substitution activities, strengthening technological independence, etc. - a successfully functioning SEZ is an effective mechanism for territorial development and ensuring national security. The author's special contribution to the study is to analyze and develop proposals for the creation and development of special economic zones under sanctions restrictions for federal, regional and municipal authorities on the example of the SEZ "Vladimir". The novelty of the research lies in the creation and dissemination of best practices for the formation and functioning of the SEZ as a mechanism for territorial development and ensuring national security in the face of unprecedented sanctions pressure on the Russian Federation from "Western" countries.
Keywords:
sanctions restrictions, investment, economic development, technological independence, import substitution, national security, structural transformation of the economy, system analysis, territorial development, special economic zones
Reference:
Ivanov A.A..
The Armed Forces and Establishment of Secondary Social Institutes
// National Security.
2024. № 5.
P. 50-62.
DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2024.5.71701 EDN: FCOZCZ URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=71701
Abstract:
In this article, the author examines in detail various aspects of transforming the armed forces into an instrument of socio-economic modernization. The object of research in this case is the army as a social institute, and the subject of the study is historical examples of hybrid institutional agreements with the participation of the army for the design of new institutional formations. Particular attention is paid to positive examples of the participation of armed forces in hybridization processes in the past, namely, knightly orders, martial arts, medieval military mercenaries, etc. At the same time, examples of unsuccessful hybrid agreements such as military settlements are also given. The aim of this study is the search for alternative methods of capitalizing the military potential of modern states in the changing conditions of a multipolar world based on historical experience. The research methodology is based on the achievements of the “new institutional economy” and involves identifying the place and role of the armed forces in the social mechanism through structural-functional and procedural-dynamic analysis. As a result of the study, it can be concluded that the task of capitalization of the country’s military potential and turning it into an instrument of socio-economic modernization can be solved if society is considered not only in the context of the diversity of content but in terms of the relationships between its constituent universal concepts. Cooperation and hybridization of institutes within the institutional matrix in this vein open up opportunities to overcome the factors hindering socio-economic development. The author's contribution to the solution of the research goal is the establishment of a connection between the “valence” of social institutions associated with the use of violence and the ability of society to find a balance between security and progress.
Keywords:
mafia, mestnichestvo, mercenaries, orders of chivalry, military enterprise, hybridization, universals, institutional matrix, institutes, military settlements
Reference:
Ogloblina E.V..
Current issues of industrial and technological cooperation in the EAEU countries
// National Security.
2024. № 5.
P. 1-8.
DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2024.5.71669 EDN: AGTWXW URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=71669
Abstract:
The subject of the study is the integration of production processes and technology exchange between Russia and the EAEU countries. The purpose of the work is to analyse the organizational and economic mechanisms of industrial and technological cooperation in the EAEU countries and to determine the conditions for increasing their effectiveness in the context of sanctions policy aimed at restricting the access of the Russian economy to foreign markets. The methodological basis of the research is a systematic approach, methods of induction, deduction, analysis and synthesis. The article considers examples of successful activities of joint ventures – one of the leading forms of industrial and technological cooperation between Russia and the EAEU countries, common in the automotive industry, aircraft manufacturing, energy and petrochemistry. Their creation stimulates economic growth, promotes industrial diversification and strengthens the international positioning of the region. The analysis revealed the following positive results from the organization of joint ventures between Russia and the EAEU countries: expansion of markets and increased production volumes, technology exchange and high innovation potential, employment generation and competence development. The problems that reduce the positive effect were also identified, in particular, the lack of harmonized standards, financial risks, managerial and cultural differences. Solving these problems requires combining the efforts of business and government agencies. The results of the study demonstrate the importance of creating and improving the efficiency of joint ventures in the EAEU countries, they can be used to adapt Russia’s economic strategy to new geopolitical conditions.
Keywords:
technological exchange, industrial modernization, innovation, export potential, integration, international competitiveness, sanctions, multipolar world, industrial and technological cooperation, EAEU
Reference:
Samoilova L.K..
Financial and legal institutions as an element of the mechanism for preventing shadow economic phenomena
// National Security.
2024. № 4.
P. 16-42.
DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2024.4.71543 EDN: ZJZLQC URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=71543
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The article is aimed at determining the place of financial law institutions in the fight against such a threat to the economic security of the state, society, and the individual as the shadow economy. A significant number of publications by both domestic and foreign scientists are devoted to this phenomenon. Special attention is paid to reduction methods. However, for many scientific studies, an approach is typical, which boils down to listing, sometimes disclosing, specific ways and techniques of detenevization of the economy without taking into account its "natural" connection with such institutions of financial law as taxation, financial control, monetary regulation and others. It is obvious that, individually and collectively, these institutions can become an impulse for both the growth and suppression of shadow economic activity. In view of this, the purpose of the study is to substantiate the objective need to modify the institutions of financial law in order to reduce shadow economic phenomena. The set of research methods used by the author of the article is represented by two groups: general scientific and private scientific. The first of them includes: analysis, synthesis, induction, deduction. Based on them, the relationship between the categories "economic security", "shadow economy", "public and private finance" has been established. The second one includes absolute and relative statistical values, on the basis of which the processes taking place in the field of finance are characterized. The result of the study was to clarify the place of financial law institutions in the mechanism of countering shadow economic phenomena. Among them, a special place is given to the taxation system, which carries both the causes of shadowization and the potential to reduce the volume of "informal" economic activity by reducing the fiscal burden on business entities and individuals. The emphasis is also placed on monetary regulation tools used to track the financial flows of microactors, including those typical for the shadow environment. The above approach to the application of financial law institutions makes it possible to expand the tools for leveling shadow economic phenomena. In addition, the implementation of the formulated recommendations will have a positive impact on the state of the financial system of the state as a whole and its individual links in particular.
Keywords:
instruments of detenevization, mechanism, indicators, assessment, financial law institutions, financial system, public finance, private finance, shadow economy, economic security
Reference:
Tsiku S.Y..
Monetary indicators in the financial monitoring system in Russia
// National Security.
2024. № 3.
P. 28-39.
DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2024.3.70485 EDN: IFWRPI URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=70485
Abstract:
During the dynamic transformations in the economy, including in the financial sector, there is a need to adapt the existing financial monitoring system in Russia. To implement it, a system of indicators is used, on which the effectiveness of financial monitoring and the achievement of various goals depends. Therefore, the main criterion for financial monitoring is the completeness of the monitored indicators. This article examines the problem of the lack of indicators of monetary factors of economic processes and phenomena in the financial monitoring system in Russia, which creates a sphere of potential and real risks in the domestic economy. From here, the object of research is determined, which are monetary indicators. The subject of the study is specific monetary indicators: the key rate of the Central Bank of the Russian Federation, the ruble exchange rate, the RTS index. The achievement of research goals and objectives is carried out using general scientific methods of comparison, analysis, synthesis and generalization. The purpose of this article is to search for indicators that can clearly reflect the problems in the financial aspect that have developed in Russia. It is also argued that the use of monetary indicators in financial monitoring will make it possible to organize financial monitoring in Russia more effectively, that is, to ensure timely and more complete achievement of various goals and objectives of public administration. To achieve this goal, the essence of financial monitoring in Russia, the indicators used in it, as well as the search and analysis of new monetary indicators with subsequent conclusions about the viability of their use are considered. As a result, it can be understood that monetary indicators explain some of the causes of crisis phenomena, thereby proving the need for their inclusion in the Russian financial monitoring system.
Keywords:
financial crisis, national security, capital outflow, monetary indicators, key rate, ruble exchange rate, RTS index, financial monitoring, economic security, financial security
Reference:
Sekushin A.Y..
Comprehensive stimulation of the pharmaceutical industry as a factor in ensuring drug safety in the Russian Federation
// National Security.
2024. № 3.
P. 40-61.
DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2024.3.70705 EDN: IHFAXQ URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=70705
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The subject of the study is comprehensive support tools based on the example of a SPIC, various aspects of the conclusion of a SPIC, requirements for companies when concluding a SPIC in relation to the pharmaceutical industry. The purpose of the study is to analyze complex support tools, identify problems based on the analysis of complex support tools using the example of SPIC in relation to the pharmaceutical industry. The author examines in detail such features of the SPIC as: requirements for the conclusion of a SPIC, tax and non-tax benefits when concluding a SPIC, the concepts of "obligations" in complex support tools, price regulation of medicines from the list of VED, administrative barriers, opacity of requirements for an investment project within the framework of the conclusion of a SPIC, penalties for deviations from targets, etc. other matters. This study was conducted on the basis of the application of general scientific research methods, including systematic, logical, comparative analysis, and the method of analogy. The main conclusions of the study are the relevance of comprehensive support tools, including SPIC. The SPIC is currently an important tool for comprehensive support for both the state and companies, as it offers serious tax and non-tax benefits, which has a positive effect on investment activity in the Russian Federation. At the same time, the author highlights relevant issues for the SPIC, including administrative barriers, price regulation of medicines from the list of VED, the parties with whom a potential investor concludes a SPIC, penalties. The scientific novelty lies in the analysis of problems during the conclusion of a SPIC that were not previously highlighted, including within the pharmaceutical industry, as well as the proposal of relevant directions for the development of a SPIC that can increase the attractiveness of this investment instrument.
Keywords:
Drug safety, Non-tax benefits, Tax benefits, Taxes, Investment activity, Comprehensive support tools, Pharmaceutical industry, Special investment contract, Pharmaceuticals, SPIC
Reference:
Shemyakina M.S..
“Whitewashing” the activities of real estate agencies as one of the directions for ensuring the economic security of public legal entities in the budgetary and tax sphere
// National Security.
2024. № 2.
P. 16-32.
DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2024.2.43879 EDN: BNFLFC URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=43879
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The subject of the study is the relationships that arise in the process of ensuring fiscal security by public legal entities. Fiscal security is considered in the article from the perspective of its duality (budgetary security and tax security) in the context of the shadow sector, taking into account the risks of cartel collusion and concealment of part of the income and property from taxation. The nature of the formation of the shadow sector is explored, which is defined as a deep reserve that should be gradually mobilized into the budget system, while encouraging taxpayers to conscientiously fulfill their tax obligations, which will subsequently form a completely different level of tax culture. The article presents the author's logical model of leveling the shadow economy of public legal entities in order to ensure their fiscal security based on digital tools of public administration. The research is based on the following methods of scientific knowledge: comparison, analysis, synthesis of theoretical material. The author has developed an algorithm for comparing open Internet data with Federal Tax Service data in order to identify hidden income. The scientific novelty of the study lies in the development of the category “fiscal security”, the theoretical justification of the directions for its provision by public legal entities in the context of the “whitewashing” of the economy in the context of the use of digital tools of public administration.
Keywords:
threats, ensuring budget and tax security, digitization, tax administration, whitewashing the economy, shadow economy, economic security, tax security, budget security, budget and tax security
Reference:
Evloeva A.B., Rykunova V.L., Goryainov A.A..
Digitalization in the Russian Federation: current problems and solutions in the field of tax audits
// National Security.
2024. № 2.
P. 33-49.
DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2024.2.69337 EDN: BPVCPO URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=69337
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The object of this work is tax control in the Russian tax system, and the subject is the organization and implementation of tax control in the context of digitalization of the Russian economy. In their research, the authors consider in detail the topical issues of the organization of tax control in modern conditions of digitalization of the economy, identify the main problems and propose ways to solve them. It is noted that in light of the rapidly changing technological environment, tax authorities must adapt and use innovative technologies to ensure effective and transparent tax control. Digital security and efficient use of data are also important aspects. The authors propose to explore the possibilities of using technologies to analyze large amounts of data, identify potential tax violations and ensure more accurate and effective control. This can significantly improve the tax collection process and reduce the burden on tax authorities, freeing up time for more in-depth analysis and strategic planning. The study of the organization of tax control in the digital economy has a high relevance and novelty. In the modern development of technology and digitalization, more and more companies carry out their activities through online platforms and electronic systems. This creates new challenges and difficulties for tax authorities, as traditional methods and approaches to tax control may be ineffective. An effective tax control system is the basis for the economic well-being of the state, promotes the development of entrepreneurial activity and ensures stability. The study highlights the need to improve regulatory regulation in the field of detection and disclosure of economic and tax crimes. It also requires the introduction of modern methods and means of detecting and disclosing such crimes, improving cooperation and information exchange between tax authorities, law enforcement agencies and entrepreneurs.
Keywords:
digital transformation, audit, tax planning, digitalization, tax base, illegal activities, taxation, economy, government, tax control
Reference:
Popova L.I., Maltseva N.V..
Trends in the development of foreign economic relations of the Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Area
// National Security.
2024. № 2.
P. 50-62.
DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2024.2.70325 EDN: AIQYDR URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=70325
Abstract:
The expansion of international contacts contributes to improving the image of the region, ensuring its investment attractiveness, acting, along with this, as a primary task of forming targets for the socio-economic well-being of the territory. The priority directions for the development of foreign economic relations of the Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Area are based on economic potential of the region: the fuel and energy sector with accompanying large-scale infrastructure projects and traditional economic sectors of the indigenous peoples of the North. Taking into account the sanctions, the promising directions for the development of foreign economic relations is of particular relevance. The subject of the study is the prerequisites for the formation of foreign economic relations in the Arctic region, trends in the development of foreign trade activities, and features of customs support for export and import operations of foreign trade participants in the Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Area in conditions of economic and political instability. Special attention is paid to the study of prerequisites and trends in the development of the Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Area in order to identify problems and prospects for deepening foreign economic relations in the region. The research method and methodology is based on the use of the following general scientific and private scientific methods of cognition, namely: the method of system analysis, logical and comparative methods, the method of document analysis. The scientific novelty of the study lies in an integrated approach to identifying the prerequisites, specifics of foreign economic activity in the Arctic region, trends and promising areas for expanding foreign economic relations of the Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Area in conditions of economic and political instability. The article presents an assessment of foreign economic relations of the Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Area in modern conditions, identifies the specifics of foreign economic activity in the Arctic region, examines the features of customs support for export-import operations, analyzes statistical data on foreign trade exchange of the Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Area, identifies problematic issues, develops an algorithm for increasing exports of products and develops promising directions for the development of foreign economic relations of the Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Area. For the development of the region's economy, it is necessary to modernize the sphere of production of fuel and energy sector and expand the commodity exports of the agricultural sector of traditional activities of the indigenous peoples of the North.
Keywords:
fuel and energy complex products, hydrocarbon raw materials, Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Area, customs infrastructure, Arctic region, foreign trade, foreign economic relations, economic security, transnational projects, non-resource exports
Reference:
Malyshenko M.V..
Financial mechanism in the system of countering unfair practices in the securities market
// National Security.
2024. № 1.
P. 21-32.
DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2024.1.69839 EDN: IHVLHQ URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=69839
Abstract:
The subject of this study is the system of countering insider transactions and manipulation in the securities market in terms of its mechanisms. The purpose of this work is to determine the place of the financial mechanism of counteraction and its role in the system of combating unfair practices. The securities market is the most important element ensuring the development of the economy. Today, one of the main problems of its regulation in Russia is the search for effective mechanisms to combat illegal practices. As a result of such activities, the financial security of participants is put at risk, and confidence in the market is reduced. The issue of finding and implementing new mechanisms to improve the effectiveness of control over the activities of participants is becoming urgent. In order to increase the effectiveness of the market regulation system in terms of control over insider trading and manipulation, the author proposes the introduction of a financial mechanism to counter insider trading and manipulation in the securities market. The methods of modeling and analogy, classification, comparison, system analysis, synthesis and generalization were used in the work. A comparative analysis of counteraction systems in countries with the world's leading stock exchanges has been carried out. The results show that each of the considered systems has a financial mechanism of counteraction, expressed not only by strict fines related to the amount of damage caused, but also by additional amounts of compensation, which is absent in domestic practice. The author analyzes the existing system of regulation of the Russian securities market, identifies its components, and highlights the main disadvantages. In addition, the analysis of the system showed that such a component as a financial counteraction mechanism has not been fully formed to date. The existing measures do not ensure the effectiveness of the fight against illegal practices. The financial mechanism of counteraction in Russian practice is fragmented, and the existing fines have no economic justification and are directly related to the damage caused to the market. In addition, no other measures are provided to compensate the losses received by the participants. Thus, in this paper, the concept of a financial mechanism for countering insider and manipulative activities is proposed, and its place in the Russian securities market regulation system is determined.
Keywords:
financial security, unfair transactions, fakes, stock exchange, manipulation, insider trading, market regulation system, stock market, financial mechanism for countering, securities market
Reference:
Dragunova A.E., Belousova S.N..
The role of investment projects in ensuring the economic security of regions
// National Security.
2024. № 1.
P. 47-59.
DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2024.1.69249 EDN: YHDBJH URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=69249
Abstract:
The main purpose of the work is to assess the impact of investment projects on ensuring the economic security of the country. It is concluded that investments are one of the main characteristics of the state's activities and allow solving existing economic or social problems, including those that can be aimed at achieving national interests, thereby ensuring stable economic security of the country. The article solves the following tasks: an assessment of the investment attractiveness of the regions of the Russian Federation and the Kursk region was carried out; an assessment of the current level of investment activity in the region was carried out. Attention is paid to the study of the state program of the Russian Federation "Economic development and innovative Economy" and its directions, an analysis of the financing of subprograms. Also, the rating of the investment attractiveness of the regions is considered. The methodological basis of the research is based on a set of methods of economic research combined with a systematic approach to the study of this problem. Currently, the economy of the Russian Federation is facing many problems caused by the difficult political situation, sanctions against Russia and other reasons. Achieving socio-economic goals has become impossible without investing. The role of investments is high, since thanks to the investment, the accumulation of public capital is carried out, they contribute to economic growth, the renewal of technologies, the improvement of professional qualities the employees and the development of infrastructure. They also can be aimed at achieving national interests, thereby ensuring stable economic security of the country. Investments are one of the driving forces of economic development, since they make it possible to modernize existing and create new business facilities, and can also be aimed at solving other socio-economic problems.
Keywords:
investment policy of the region, investment activities, fixed capital, the state program, investment, investment project, investment attractiveness of the region, economic security, investment fund, investment activity
Reference:
Evloeva A.B., Belousova S.N..
Evaluation of the implementation of the state program of the Russian Federation "Development of the nuclear power industry" in order to ensure the economic security of the country
// National Security.
2023. № 6.
P. 91-105.
DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2023.6.43786 EDN: DOKPRT URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=43786
Abstract:
The subject of the study is to study the effectiveness and efficiency of measures for the development of the nuclear energy industrial complex, taken during the implementation of the relevant state program. Data from nuclear energy, investments and innovative projects are analyzed, taking into account compliance with the strategic goals of economic security. These measures are designed to ensure the stability of the Russian economic system and minimize potential risks. An important component of the study is also the analysis of the compliance of these measures with the general state strategic goals of ensuring economic security. The study is based on an analysis of data on the current state of the Russian nuclear energy sector, investment and innovation projects implemented within the framework of the program under consideration, as well as an assessment of their impact on the economic situation of the country. The research methodology includes a comprehensive analysis of the current state of the nuclear energy industrial complex, as well as a study of investment and innovation projects implemented within the framework of the program. The assessment of the implementation of the state program of the Russian Federation "Development of the nuclear energy-industrial complex" allows us to say that the analysis of program implementation indicators shows positive dynamics and achievement of the set goals. High performance indicators, such as a high degree of readiness of power units, an increase in electricity generation, an increase in the number of results of intellectual activity and the creation of new jobs, indicate the successful implementation of the program. The results of the study will be useful for developing further strategies and adjusting program measures aimed at increasing the stability of the economic system and minimizing risks, taking into account national strategic goals.
Keywords:
Rosatom State Corporation, scientific progress, resource efficiency, scientific and technical potential, nuclear energy, innovations, energy security, economic security, state program, nuclear industry complex
Reference:
Filina A.D..
The impact of the corporate sector of the Sahel-Saharan States on ensuring economic sovereignty: opportunities and limitations
// National Security.
2023. № 6.
P. 40-48.
DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2023.6.69418 EDN: ECNAPO URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=69418
Abstract:
The relevance of the article is due to the fact that in modern conditions, the Sahel-Saharan states are characterized by an insufficient level of economic sovereignty, despite years of reforms. The article shows that the efforts being made are not successful not only because of conflicts, the expansion of transnational corporations, inefficient public administration, low level of development of human capital and institutions, but also, first of all, because of the lack of formed entrepreneurship. The purpose of the article is to study the impact of the corporate sector of the Sahel-Saharan states on ensuring economic sovereignty, highlighting the most promising opportunities and critical limitations based on the results of the analysis. The subject of the study is the trends and patterns of development of the corporate sector of the countries of the region and its impact on the formation of opportunities to ensure economic sovereignty and the elimination of existing restrictions. The methodology of the article includes methods of a systematic approach using a comparative method to clarify the features of economic sovereignty; the task of substantiating the importance of the corporate sector in these processes was implemented using the method of qualitative content analysis, which was chosen to explore the possibilities and limitations of influencing economic sovereignty. The main conclusions of this study are: to identify the problems and limitations of ensuring the economic sovereignty of the Sahel-Saharan States (high dependence on multinational companies, poor infrastructure and institutions, lack of financial resources and human competencies); to substantiate the impact of the insufficient level of development of the corporate sector in African countries. The novelty of the study lies in the formulation of measures and directions for establishing international economic cooperation between companies of the Sahel-Saharan states and Russia as an important organizational task for the development of the corporate sector and, consequently, for ensuring economic sovereignty. Among them: ensuring legal stability as a political priority, forming the foundations for a high-quality legal investment framework, encouraging business ties, honesty and responsible business conduct as a key element of protecting foreign investors, access to finance and information support for the development of human capital through professional development.
Keywords:
instability, institutions,, capital, finance, sovereignty, Russia, Africa, conflicts, cooperation, private sector
Reference:
Shemyakina M.S..
Threats to the economic security of the Republic of Mari El in the field of countering the legalization (laundering) of proceeds from crime in the market for the sale of real estate
// National Security.
2023. № 5.
P. 77-89.
DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2023.5.43903 EDN: NONZQF URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=43903
Abstract:
The subject of the research is the relations that arise in the process of combating the legalization (laundering) of criminal proceeds in the economy. The author substantiates the need to change the current legislation in terms of classifying self-employed persons who provide intermediary services in real estate purchase and sale transactions as persons who are required to register with Rosfinmonitoring and exercise mandatory control over part of the transactions. In the article, on the basis of the algorithm developed by the author, a check was made of the compliance of realtors and real estate agencies of the Republic of Mari El with the legislation in the field of combating the legalization (laundering) of proceeds from crime. Particular attention is paid to recommendations for improving the mechanism of operation of the Domclick service with realtors and real estate agencies.The scientific novelty of the study lies in the identification of real estate purchase and sale transactions through the Domclick service, which are carried out by real estate agencies that are not registered with Rosfinmonitoring and do not exercise mandatory control over transactions, as well as determining the share of transactions in the primary market that are subject to mandatory control using the example Republic of Mari El. The results obtained contain practical recommendations for changing the current legislation, develop theoretical provisions in terms of ensuring the economic security of public legal entities, and also determine the identification of one of the threats to the economic security of the Republic of Mari El: the threat of legalization (laundering) of proceeds from crime in the market sale of real estate.
Keywords:
property market, money laundering, counteracting money laundering, legalization of income, AML, threats, economic security, purchase and sale of real estate, realtor, National security
Reference:
Ozarnov R..
International reserve assets diversification using the euro as one of the "poles" in the polycentric model of the global monetary and financial system
// National Security.
2023. № 5.
P. 1-12.
DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2023.5.68689 EDN: MHBFSI URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=68689
Abstract:
The article deals with the structure and direction of foreign reserve assets diversification using the euro as one of the "poles" in the polycentric model of the global monetary and financial system under contemporary geopolitical conditions. Diversification of international reserve assets is an important part of financial and economic policy, it allows to reduce the risks associated with reserves and manage volatility, including that of the financial market and foreign exchange as a financial sector, since the information about the international reserves composition influences the economic agents, operating in the financial market. The author dwells upon various approaches to the diversification of reserves depending on short-, medium-, and long-term goals, passive diversification and stabilizing one. The analyzing of the SDR currency basket and using various currencies in over-the-counter has been carried out. As research methods, the author uses general scientific methods of cognition, such as analysis, synthesis, comparison, graphical interpretation, and analysis of statistical information and time series. The novelty of the article lies in the development of proposals for the diversification of international reserve assets aimed at transforming the global monetary and financial system towards polycentrism and reducing the imbalance of power between Russia and the European Union. It is advisable to take into account the results of the study when implementing financial and economic policies both at the state and corporate levels.
Keywords:
world economy, euro, sanctions, diversification, Bank of Russia, foreign exchange reserves, special drawing rights, U.S. dollar, international reserve assets, world finance
Reference:
Belousova S.N., Trubin A.G..
Assessment of the impact of industrial-type special economic zones on the socio-economic development of regions
// National Security.
2023. № 4.
P. 61-72.
DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2023.4.43889 EDN: SYTXNF URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=43889
Abstract:
The relevance of the topic is related to the study and assessment of the impact of industrial-type special economic zones on the socio-economic development of regions. Industrial-production zones are territories with an area of up to 40 square kilometers located in economically developed regions of the state with a large number of industrial–production enterprises, experienced workers with high qualifications, natural resources and developed transport infrastructure. This is part of the state customs territory, where certain types of products are produced, and investors carry out their activities on preferential terms, which affects the development of the country's economy. The main purpose of the work is to study the types of special economic zones in the Russian Federation, to analyze the activities of special economic zones of the industrial and production type of the Russian Federation, as well as to assess the impact of special economic zones on the socio-economic development of regions. The analysis includes the main indicators and trends determining the effectiveness of the functioning of industrial-type special economic zones operating on the territory of the Russian Federation. The main conclusions of the study are that for the Russian Federation, the creation and further deployment of effective activities of special economic zones is important in order to solve acute strategic tasks, spatial development of the country and reduce inequality in the socio-economic development of regions, therefore, 8 new zones were created in 2022. As of 2023, there are 25 zones in Russia, besides 6 new zones are being created. The role of special economic zones in regional development is significant: economic diversification, localization of foreign capital, production of import-substituting goods, creation of new jobs, development of competition.
Keywords:
jobs, region, resident, gross regional product, operational efficiency, socio-economic development, special economic zone, investment, revenue, taxes
Reference:
Obolenskaya L.V., Bekulova S.R..
Structural-hierarchical approach to the investment model of economic growth
// National Security.
2023. № 4.
P. 19-38.
DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2023.4.68754 EDN: UALNKO URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=68754
Abstract:
The subject of the research is the investment model of economic growth, which in today's Russia is given significant attention at the government level. In a number of scientific studies, investments are interpreted as a significant factor of economic security. In line with this topic, the goal is to form an investment growth model that combines national economic growth goals, investment objectives, growth-driving industries, conditions and regulatory influences into a single structure. The article uses methods and means of structural, economic, causal analysis and predictive statistical estimates. The novelty of the research consists in substantiating and developing an investment model of economic growth in the form of a hierarchical structure that includes five levels: target level, task level, industry, factor and regulatory levels. The possibilities of filling the levels are shown by the example of Russia, taking into account today's sanctions realities. Attention is focused on the manufacturing industry. When filling in the industry level, it is concluded that it is advisable to take into account the index of economic complexity as an additional criterion for identifying industries-locomotives of growth. When filling in the factor level of the model, the dual nature of anti-Russian sanctions is shown, which, along with negative factors, also generate certain business opportunities. When filling out the regulatory level, a number of financial and investment measures are allocated (subsidizing investment projects, state support for loans, tax incentives) that are in demand by Russian business under sanctions. In terms of the country's technological security, industries are cited where dependence on imported components is particularly critical. Priority financial and investment support should be directed to overcoming critical dependence. The results obtained can be useful for information and analytical support of industrial policy. The proposed approach to the investment model of growth will help to streamline the basic components of decision-making within a single structure, taking into account cause-and-effect relationships and sanctions realities.
Keywords:
external sanctions, financial and investment measures of state support, growth locomotive industries, economic complexity index, manufacturing industry, structural-hierarchical approach, technological security, economic security, investments, investment growth model
Reference:
Bogachev Y.S., Bekulova S.R..
Improvement of Digitalization Support Institutions as a Strategic Direction for Improving the Technological level of the Russian Manufacturing Industry
// National Security.
2023. № 3.
P. 79-91.
DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2023.3.43718 EDN: VYIXSL URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=43718
Abstract:
The digital transformation of industry is one of the priorities of the development of the economy of the Russian Federation, as the introduction of modern technologies in production has a positive impact on the development of other industries. The basis for the introduction of digital technologies in industry is the desire for a comprehensive increase in efficiency and the creation of conditions for the successful operation of industries. Increasing the effectiveness of institutional support for the digitalization of Russian industry is especially relevant in the context of increasing geopolitical tensions. In this regard, the authors conducted a study aimed at analyzing the organizational structure of tools to support digitalization of the manufacturing industry and developing recommendations for its improvement. The authors analyzed the structure of the institutions of digitalization of the Russian industry, which includes six main institutions. Priority technologies and directions for the development of digitalization of industry corresponding to global trends are highlighted. According to the authors, in order to create a single digital space, a single platform can be created on which institutions can be located and interaction between them can be organized through the allocated priority technologies. Based on the results of the analysis of the organizational structure of tools to support the digitalization of the manufacturing industry, proposals have been developed to create a system of digitalization of the Russian industry that meets the level of threats to the Russian economy from the alliance of countries led by the United States.
Keywords:
digital engineering, smart manufacturing, digital platform, digital transformation, digitalization institute, industry, government support, manufacturing industry, digitalization, artificial intelligence
Reference:
Mel'nikova N.P., Tikhonova A.V..
Russian tax policy under sanctions pressure: theoretical approaches and alternative directions for practical implementation
// National Security.
2023. № 3.
P. 92-108.
DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2023.3.43825 EDN: VZORNX URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=43825
Abstract:
The article examines the theoretical and methodological issues of building the tax policy of the state in the face of overcoming the negative consequences of the sanctions pressure of the collective West and the United States. We presented the results of the analysis of external and internal factors influencing the implementation of the state tax policy. We have formed five groups of external factors that are most relevant for tax policy in the context of sanctions pressure in the present period of time (the significance of sanctions pressure; the objective need for a significant increase in budget revenues in the context of the military operation; the need for comprehensive support for organizations of the military-industrial complex; ensuring the technological sovereignty of the country; electoral campaign 2023-2024). Based on a generalization of Russian taxation practice in 2014-2021, we have identified the most effective tax tools to counteract the negative economic consequences of sanctions pressure on Russia. The result of the study was the substantiation of the feasibility of an alternative solution to the issue of switching to a progressive personal income tax as a tool to increase budget revenues and equalize income inequality between the rich and the poor. Two possible approaches to the implementation of the tax maneuver in the field of taxation of the population are argued. This is a revival in the Russian tax system of the previously levied (1992-2005) inheritance and gift tax, taking into account modern realities. We have shown the relevance of raising the VAT rate as a tool for transferring part of the tax burden from the population's income to their expenses (consumption).
Keywords:
income and consumption, tax maneuver, gift tax, inheritance tax, maneuvers in taxation, tax incentives, sanctions pressure, budget revenues, taxes, VAT increase
Reference:
Andreeva O.V..
Financial regulation of social innovations as a tool for ensuring social security
// National Security.
2023. № 3.
P. 49-63.
DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2023.3.43878 EDN: UZJLKU URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=43878
Abstract:
The relevance of the study is determined by the lack of understanding of a certain system of financial regulation of social innovations, which does not allow to ensure the targeted orientation, stability and fullness of financial flows within the framework of the implementation of socio-innovative projects and financing of social innovations throughout their life cycle, which can qualitatively affect chronically unsolvable problems that hinder the improvement of social security of society and the state. The purpose of the article is to formulate an approach to the formation of an effective system of financial regulation of social innovations in order to ensure the social security of the state. The research methodology is based on the developments of Russian and foreign scientists in the field of social security, social innovation, financial regulation. Methods of generalization, analogy, statistical data analysis, tabular and graphical methods of information interpretation were used. The paper presents approaches to the concept and content of the concept of "social security"; the results of the author's calculation of indicators of social security of the Russian Federation in modern conditions by the index method, taking into account existing scientific developments, strategic planning documents, as well as publicly available statistical data; conceptual elements and approaches for the formation of an effective system of financial regulation of social innovations, based on the requirements of achieving social security. There are two types of financial regulation of social innovations (operational and strategic), levels of implementation (micro-regulation, mesoregulation, macro-regulation), the nature of the impact (stimulating or restrictive), forms of regulation (direct and indirect). The priority directions of financial regulation of social innovations to achieve social security are proposed.
Keywords:
social sphere, social policy, social effect, indicator, financial support, financial regulation, social innovations, integral index, social security, national security
Reference:
Afanasyeva L.V., Evloeva A.B..
The Experience of Using Digital Technologies in the Financial Sector in Order to Ensure Economic Security in Russia and Abroad
// National Security.
2023. № 2.
P. 36-47.
DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2023.2.40031 EDN: ADGJXM URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=40031
Abstract:
The subject of the study is the analysis of the main areas of application of artificial intelligence technologies in the financial sector based on domestic and foreign practice, the object is artificial intelligence technologies in order to ensure economic security. The authors note that the possibilities of using artificial intelligence in the financial sector have been developing rapidly in recent years, bringing significant benefits in terms of efficiency, increased accuracy and cost-effectiveness. The development of digital technologies leads to the creation of new services that help increase the level of economic security. AI-based solutions are used in various areas of finance, including risk management, fraud detection, customer service, trading and investment analysis. This study examines the current state and future potential of artificial intelligence in the financial sector, the advantages and disadvantages of using such technologies, as well as recent trends and developments in this area. The information base of the study was made up of analytical materials of the Central Bank of the Russian Federation, scientific reports, reports of international consulting companies, studies of foreign IT corporations, scientific publications and statistical data of the Federal State Statistics Service. It is noted that artificial intelligence has the potential to transform the financial market, is an important tool for ensuring economic security. It allows you to create more secure and reliable financial management systems, as well as increase the transparency and efficiency of financial transactions. Similarly, artificial intelligence can also revolutionize tax administration by facilitating compliance and risk management, reducing errors and fraud, and increasing transparency and fairness in the tax system. The use of artificial intelligence in finance and taxation is expected to increase significantly in the coming years, with new solutions constantly emerging that can simplify and automate financial processes.
Keywords:
economic security, digital technologies, machine learning, Fintech, tax administration, finance, artificial intelligence, taxation, risks, privacy
Reference:
Sausheva O.S..
Ecological Tourism as One of the Priority Directions of Ecological Investment: Assessment of Opportunities and Prospects for the Economic Security of the Region
// National Security.
2023. № 1.
P. 41-52.
DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2023.1.39400 EDN: IADMAI URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=39400
Abstract:
The development of various areas of domestic tourism in Russia has become a natural consequence of the restrictions imposed during the COVID-19 pandemic. At the same time, in the context of maintaining and increasing the relevance of environmental restrictions on economic development, the growth of ecological (or sustainable) tourism, associated with the provision of tourism services and the development of the recreational sector, and at the same time helping to reduce the severity of the environmental problem, is of particular importance. Ecotourism, being a promising economic direction, contributes to the achievement of sustainable development. Of considerable scientific interest is the study of the prospects for the development of ecological tourism at the regional level. The subject of research in the article is the possibility of developing ecological tourism in the Republic of Mordovia. The article concluded that the functioning of the tourism industry, contributing to economic growth, has a serious negative impact on the environment. As a consequence, tourism policies need to be integrated with overall economic, environmental and energy policies in order to stimulate the transition to sustainable tourism development and minimize environmental pollution. Politicians are also guided by the Sustainable Development Goals, the achievement of which requires the use of tourism to eliminate poverty, hunger, ensure food security and improve the environment by reducing dependence on non-renewable energy sources. The ecological sphere of the Republic of Mordovia has a serious potential for the development of the tourism sector: the presence of specially protected natural areas, clean air and water bodies can attract a large number of tourists, but significant investment resources are needed in this area.
Keywords:
protected natural area, ESG-investments, tourism innovation, sustainable development, environmental investments, ecological tourism, tourism cluster, environmental security, economic security, environmental protection
Reference:
Cherenkova S.A..
Advantages and potential risks of introducing the digital ruble in modern Russia.
// National Security.
2023. № 1.
P. 53-65.
DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2023.1.39797 EDN: GXEJMN URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=39797
Abstract:
The article is devoted to the analysis of the advantages and potential disadvantages of the launch of the digital ruble in modern Russia. Russia, like other countries, is currently trying to develop dynamically in the digital sphere. The launch of a digital national currency in such a large-scale economy as the Russian one will indicate an advanced level of digitalization of the country and its competitiveness in the international arena. The research characterized the main properties of the Russian national digital currency based on the Russian Central Bank data, and, furthermore, showed the potential positive and negative consequences of the digital ruble introduction. The conducted research proves that the established deadlines for testing the digital ruble are quite accelerated, but still reasonable and correspond to the current geopolitical realities. Despite the fact that the Central Bank is likely to face a significant number of risks when introducing digital currency into the Russian financial system, premature study of potential problems, as well as the timely response of the Central Bank to them, will help to survive the emerging critical situations economically painlessly. In this case, the digital ruble will have a positive impact on the digitalization of the economy in Russia, increasing the stability of the financial system and minimizing dependence on foreign sanctions pressure.
Keywords:
finance, international finance, financial system, money, digitalization, Bank of Russia, CBDC, risks, digital ruble, digital currencies
Reference:
Shabanova L.B., Morozova I.G..
Prospects for investment development in Russia and the Muslim world
// National Security.
2022. № 6.
P. 194-202.
DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2022.6.38433 EDN: RPETNE URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=38433
Abstract:
Ensuring investment attractiveness is one of the most important aspects of a country's economic activity in modern international relations. Foreign investments make it possible not only to ensure expanded social reproduction in the country, but also expand the possibilities of technological and economic development of the state.The purpose of the work is to analyze foreign direct investment in the Russian Federation in general and the Republic of Tatarstan in particular. The analysis and evaluation of statistical data revealed a reduction in the number of projects involving foreign direct investment in Russia in 2017-2020. In modern conditions, it is necessary to recognize the decline in the investment attractiveness of Russia from investors in the United States and Europe, which may lead to an even greater compression of foreign investment flows. An alternative to foreign investments from the United States of America and Europe can be foreign investments from the countries of the Muslim world. Already today, Russia has friendly relations with the countries of the Muslim world, in addition, there are entire regions with a high density of Muslim population living on the territory of the Russian Federation. Thus, the Republic of Tatarstan, which is already one of the most investment-attractive regions of the Russian Federation and occupies the 3rd place in the list of regions of the Russian Federation most in demand among foreign investors, could play an important role in increasing the number of foreign direct investment.
Keywords:
investment infrastructure, agro-industrial sector, industry, investment project, investor, foreign direct investment, gross investment, investment, special economic zone, countries of the Muslim world
Reference:
Kormishkin E.D., Sausheva O.S..
Evaluation of Current Trends in Food Security
// National Security.
2022. № 6.
P. 23-34.
DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2022.6.39167 EDN: DTCOZS URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=39167
Abstract:
The authors of the article investigate the current state and new trends in ensuring food security of subjects at various levels: from global to household level based on the application of an approach that includes the study of production aspects, economic availability of food, various components of the problem of food consumption, as well as the preservation of the current situation in the medium and long term. Special attention is paid to new factors affecting the state of food security: the growth of living standards in developed and some developing countries leads to increased requirements for the quality and safety of food; the new "green agenda" transforms agro-food systems towards greater sustainability. In the course of the study, diagnostics of the current state of food security was performed, as a result of which a number of certain negative trends were identified, among which: a decrease in the economic availability of food for the population of the Russian Federation as a whole, and especially for such individual groups as large families living in rural areas, families with disabilities, as well as families consisting of from unemployed pensioners. There is also a problem with an incomplete system for assessing the quality of food, as a result of which goods are falsified, the level of trust in public authorities decreases, and negative consequences for people's lives and health arise.
Keywords:
economic access to food, food supply, quality standards, food fraud, food quality, food independence, food consumption, food safety, food security, agri-food sector
Reference:
Moreva E.L., Bekulova S.R..
On the Issue of Attitude to Scientific and Technological Relations and Assessment of its State in the Russian Economy
// National Security.
2022. № 6.
P. 83-108.
DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2022.6.39198 EDN: QWLDNN URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=39198
Abstract:
In the context of sanctions pressure on the Russian economy, it is important to modernize the national economy, production and effective development of scientific knowledge, development and implementation of modern equipment and technologies in production to create conditions for safe and sustainable socio-economic development. The aim of the work is to form a set of indicators that assess the potential of scientific and technological development of the Russian economy. The object of the study is the scientific and technological development of the Russian economy. The subject of the study is the methodology for assessing the scientific and technological potential of the economy. The methodological basis of the study is the methods of analysis and synthesis, induction and deduction, and statistical analysis. The authors analyzed and identified three theoretical approaches to the definition and evaluation of scientific and technical potential. Based on the results of the analysis, the need to identify and distinguish between the terms «scientific and technical potential» and «scientific and technological potential» was revealed. It is revealed that the reason for identifying the adjectives «technological» and «technical» returns to the difference in approaches to the definition of the term «technology». The narrow and broad interpretations of technologies are singled out, on the basis of which the author's definition of scientific and technological potential is proposed. By analyzing the methodology of a number of international indices and reports that evaluate the scientific and technical potential, the authors propose a set of indicators that evaluate the scientific and technological potential of the national economy. Using the proposed set of indicators, the authors determined the state and dynamics of the development of the scientific and technological potential of Russia.
Keywords:
digital economy, digital technologies, ICT, information technologies, technology, engineering, science, scientific and technological development, scientific and technological potential, scientific and technical potential
Reference:
Makhotina I.A., Agapkin A.M., Goncharenko O.A., Raikova E.Y..
Grain market and its role in ensuring Russia's national Security
// National Security.
2022. № 6.
P. 121-134.
DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2022.6.39266 EDN: RTFEHG URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=39266
Abstract:
The subject of the study is the grain market of Russia and the EAEU as one of the priorities in the field of national security. The problem of illegal export of grain crops from Russia to Kazakhstan is considered. The article analyzes the issue of re-export of grain to third countries, illegal grain exports and the impact of quotas and tariff restrictions on the development of grain supplies abroad. The issue of the possibility of administering grain export bans with a high length of the Russian border, as well as the impact of such bans on the EAEU member states, is discussed. Particular attention is paid to the issue of changing the structure of grain exports and the search for new export directions. The novelty of the study lies in the analysis of the issue of ensuring the country's food security in retrospect of interaction with the EAEU member states. The current statistical data on the availability of farmland and arable land per capita in the world and in the EAEU countries are presented, data on the structure of acreage and grain production in Russia and the EAEU over the past three years are summarized. Forecasts for the volume of grain production and exports in 2022 are presented. The article analyzes the trend of increasing quotas and tariff restrictions for exporters of agro-industrial products and the impact of these restrictions on the country's food security. The issue of searching for new importing countries of agricultural products from Russia in the context of increasing sanctions is being considered. The problems of the grain market, which have worsened due to the current geopolitical situation, and ways to solve these problems at the state level are identified. The question was raised about the need to change the ratio of the shares of processed products and raw materials in the export structure, in the direction of increasing the volume of grain products with added value, whose share in the current structure of grain exports is less than 30%. Recommendations for improving the transparency and stability of the grain market are proposed.
Keywords:
grain deal, export potential, illegal export, cultivated areas, wheat, sanctions, tariff restrictions, EAEU, Russia and Kazakhstan, grain market
Reference:
Ozarnov R., Medvedeva M..
Regional and national insurance mechanisms in developing countries
// National Security.
2022. № 5.
P. 135-150.
DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2022.5.38848 EDN: DLBNVP URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=38848
Abstract:
The article is focused on the regional and national insurance mechanisms in developing countries. Their activities and these in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, as well as strengthening geopolitical tension are considered. The subject of the analysis is the mechanisms of the functioning stabilization funds in developing countries, such as the Chong Mai Agreement, BRICS Contingent Reserve Arrangement, FLAR, EFSD, and the national insurance mechanisms in such countries as Russia and Saudi Arabia. The authors analyse the main formation stages and the purpose of creating these mechanisms, sources of funding and the main activities, as well as the structure of investment portfolios. The study is based on general scientific methods of cognition, such as analysis, synthesis, comparison, as well as the presentation of tabular and graphical interpretation of statistical information, and time series. The novelty of the article lies in a comprehensive analysis of both regional and national insurance mechanisms in developing countries. Stabilization mechanisms, taking into account the volume of their financial resources, perform significant functions both at the level of the national economy of the member countries and at the regional level, while also influencing the world economy. However, their organizational activities and investment strategy are not always effective, and in this regard, it is advisable to conduct further research in this field.
Keywords:
Russia, developing countries, national economy, macroeconomics, investments, world economy, sovereign wealth funds, world finance, global financial market, COVID-19 pandemic
Reference:
Samoilova L.K..
Asymmetry of Sustainable Development of Regional Systems as a Threat to the Economic Security of the State
// National Security.
2022. № 5.
P. 57-79.
DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2022.5.39031 EDN: EKFOJP URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=39031
Abstract:
The article is devoted to the formulation of the author's approach to assessing the socio-economic opportunities of Russian regions in achieving their sustainable development goals. It is undeniable that the term "sustainable development" is reflected in the publications of domestic and foreign scientists, however, insufficient attention is paid to its connection with the definition of "economic security", which is the basic characteristic of any economic actor. The analysis of scientific papers allowed us to correlate these categories, confirming their coherence. Consequently, monitoring of indicators of sustainable development will contribute to the timely identification of negative activities that hinder the creation of conditions for socio-economic balance at the macro, meso and micro levels. It is appropriate to note that, despite the development by official statistics of a list of national indicators of the Sustainable Development Goals, their thresholds have not been established. In view of this, the purpose of the study is to develop indicators through which the state of the regional system can be determined from the standpoint of its internal abilities to ensure social equality, economic stability, and rational use of natural resources. The set of methods used in the research process consists of two groups: general scientific, private scientific. The first of them includes: analysis, synthesis, induction, deduction. Based on these tools, the relationship between such categories as "economic security" and "sustainable development" has been established. The second includes absolute and relative statistical values, ranking, classification. With their help, the Russian regions were ranked according to a number of criteria, without which the sustainable development of territories becomes illusory. The result of the study is the development and testing of a system of coefficients grouped taking into account the fundamental principles of sustainable development. Their list is presented by relative indicators that allow for an interregional comparison, the purpose of which is to identify the degree of asymmetry of meso-formations according to the parameters of sustainable development. The application of the proposed indicators is aimed at detecting prosperous and disadvantaged regions among Russian regions in order to prevent the increase of imbalances in the future.
Keywords:
thresholds, ranking, indicators, assessment, social equality, economic stability, environmental management, sustainable development goals, sustainable development, economic security
Reference:
Markelova E.A..
Energy policy of Qatar at the present stage: external and internal dimensions (on the example of gas sector)
// National Security.
2021. № 6.
P. 33-42.
DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2021.6.37095 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=37095
Abstract:
The object of this research is the energy policy of Qatar on the example of gas sector. The subject of this research is the key directions and trends in the development of energy policy, i.e. its external and internal dimensions. Detailed analysis is conducted on the energy diplomacy of Qatar being a small state. The author determines the key areas for further use of gas export revenues for sustainable development of Qatar's national economy and its diversification. The article explores the peculiarities of Qatar’s energy diplomacy; its interaction with the European and Asian countries, the United States, as well as multinational energy corporations for the purpose of development of the own fuel and energy infrastructure. The scientific novelty lies in the attempt to generalize the key vectors of energy policy of modern Qatar, aligning them with the goals of economic development set in the strategic plan “Vision 2030”. This article is first to introduce sources in foreign languages into the scientific discourse. Leaning on these sources, the author reveals the “success factors” of Qatar's energy policy and growth potential, including in the conditions of “green transition”. The conclusion is made that Qatar would continue to invest in the development of gas sector, which is the major resource for qualitative assessment of the economic model. Such development implies open interaction with various external actors and the use of the latest technologies.
Keywords:
economic diversification, natural gas, LNG, Katar's energetics, energy security, energy diplomacy, energy policy, small states, QNV-2030, green transition
Reference:
Samoilova L.K..
Innovative economy: barrier or impulse for the development of borderline-dangerous conditions of meso-formations
// National Security.
2021. № 5.
P. 66-85.
DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2021.5.36392 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=36392
Abstract:
The analysis of the provisions of economic science reveals the need for replacing the resource-based economy for innovative, which is explained by the growing scarcity of economic resources in the context of increasing demands of the actors for economic goods. However, most scientific elaborations focus solely on the positive consequences of implementation of innovations, rather than negative caused by the unwillingness of economic entities to innovative changes due to shortage of resources, scant involvement of the government agencies of meso-level in the process of simulating innovative initiatives, low interest of the end consumer in the innovative product. The goal of this article lies in substantiation of feasibility of using individual approach towards meso-formations in the context of switching the economic course, which would take into account the internal territorial peculiarities and impede the emergence of borderline-dangerous conditions. Assessment is conducted on the readiness of regional economies for innovative changes, which confirming high differentiation of meso-formations by a number of criteria that reflect the state of the local innovative environment. Based on the calculations and subsequent analysis carried out on the resource capacity of the territories, the author concluded on infeasibility of application of the “typical” rearrangement of the vector of their socioeconomic development.
Keywords:
economic resources, adaptation mechanism, border-dangerous states, innovative transformations, innovations, economy of innovations, regions, resource provision, indicators, assessment
Reference:
Shabanova L.B., Morozova I.G., Timiryasova I.A..
Methodology for assessing the competitive positions of a higher education institution on the national market of educational services
// National Security.
2021. № 5.
P. 11-21.
DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2021.5.36693 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=36693
Abstract:
The fact that many Russian universities offer a wide, but often similar, range of educational services substantiates stiff competition between them, which aggravated in the conditions of protracted global COVID-19 pandemic due to the need for rapid implementation of the tools and methods of distance learning. The educational institutions compete for not only students, by their admission to each specific discipline. The goal is set to analyze the competitive positions and opportunities of the university on the market of educational services in the Russian Federation. The subject of this research is Kazan Innovative University named after V. G. Timiryasov. The research methodology leans on the general theoretical methods, as well as 7P and SWOT analysis. As a result, the author determines the merits and flaws of the university, market opportunities and threats; as well as offers the vectors for improving on the market of educational services. The acquired conclusions on the need to expand the material base, increase the academic degree holders rate, involvement in the grant mechanism, and integration into the real sector of economy are relevant for a great many universities in the Russian Federation.
Keywords:
marketing mix, SWOT analysis, 7P method, university, educational organization, competitive positions, competitiveness, possibilities, threats, strengths
Reference:
Mammadov T., Zvereva A.D..
Foreign direct investment as a factor of socioeconomic development of the EAEU member-states
// National Security.
2021. № 5.
P. 41-55.
DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2021.5.36706 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=36706
Abstract:
The goal of this research lies in assessment of the role of foreign direct investment in socioeconomic development of the EAEU member-states in the current context. The research methodology employs such approaches as scientific abstraction, logical generalization, statistical and factor analysis. Based on examination of the relevant theories of international capital movement, the author outlines positive factors in attracting long-term foreign investment. The article explores the key indicators of economic development of the EAEU member-states at the current stage. Analysis is conducted on the peculiarities of foreign direct investment in the region. It is noted that the Russian Federation is the most active investor within the EAEU. The author determines the common factors that limit the development of investment relations between the partner countries; as well as reveals the dominant disproportions in attraction of foreign investment capital. Consideration is given to the experience of Shenzhen in formation of the global special economic zone in the EAEU countries. The conclusion is formulated that the key factor of socioeconomic development of the EAEU member-states is the attraction of foreign direct investment capital. The following measures in the sphere of foreign investment are proposed: development of direct investment funds; formation of special economic zones; implementation of intergovernmental earmarked programs; creation of specialized centers for the development of small and medium business bases on the market principles.
Keywords:
special economic zones, EAEU, industrial park, private equity fund, socio-economic development, foreign direct investments, Kazakhstan, Russia, Belarus, China
Reference:
Samoilova L.K..
“Green” vector within the system of ensuring socioeconomic interests of macro- and micro-actors
// National Security.
2021. № 4.
P. 53-68.
DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2021.4.36381 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=36381
Abstract:
This article is dedicated to examination of the “green” economy – the economic model with priorities similar to the goals of sustainable development; its postulates are of particular importance in the context of increasing negative anthropogenic impact upon the environment. The majority of scientific publications discuss the advantages of transitioning toward the “green” course, which are indisputable from the perspective of preservation and augmentation of natural potential of the territory; while the factors that impede the proliferation of eco-oriented behavior, consequences of implementation such transformations for macro- and micro-actors, and assessment of the existing eco-trends in public law entities do not receive due attention. Therefore, this article aims to determine the impact of “green” reforms upon the socioeconomic interests of macro- and micro-actors leaning on the results of analysis of the characteristic features of the process of greening of economic activity. In the course of research, the author establishes that the “green” vector of economic development entails not only positive changes for macro- and micro-actors, but negative as well, which discourages their eco-activity. At the same time, the assessment of environmental situation in the constituent entities of the Russian Federation indicates the low eco-involvement of economic agents, which requires immediate implementation of environmental initiatives, although considering other public and private interests.
Keywords:
anthropogenic impact, eco-orientation, macro- and microsubjects, SWOT analysis, PEST analysis, green economy, brown economy, regional economy, indicators, ranking
Reference:
Gurtueva F.A..
Specificity and elements of the mechanism of budget monitoring in the current conditions of the Russian Federation
// National Security.
2021. № 3.
P. 24-34.
DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2021.3.35988 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=35988
Abstract:
The current situation of the Russian financial system is far from being stable, and is constantly exposed to risks, many of which pose a threat to its security. Overcoming these circumstances is impossible without reforming the mechanism of budget monitoring and treasury support in the country as the innovative instruments, the implementation which in the Russia Federation is at the nascent stage. The goal of this article consists in the analysis of the concept of “budget monitoring”, and determination of its elements in the current conditions. The subject of this research is the financial relations emerging in the course of establishment of budget monitoring in Russia. For achieving the set goal, the author employs the general scientific methods of dialectical, comparative-systemic, and structural-layered analysis. The information framework is comprised of the normative legal financial documents of the Russian Federation and periodical publications of the national economists. The author reveals the ambiguity of approaches towards discerning the content of budget monitoring in the Russian science and practice. The author carries out the original systematization of the elements of budget monitoring (target component, subject-object composition, stages, methods, etc.). The article determines the role of treasury support, as well as outlines the key vectors of its modernization with consideration of the recent legislative innovations along with the gaps and difficulties occurring in practice. The acquired results are valuable for the financial authorities, as well as for researchers, pedagogues, master’s students, and postgraduates majoring in the budgeting process.
Keywords:
methods of the budgetary monitoring, elements of the budgetary monitoring, mechanism of the budgetary monitoring, budgetary process, budgetary monitoring, monitoring, budget, treasury, treasury maintenance, budget resources
Reference:
Malov A.V..
Food security policy in the Middle Ages: historical-philosophical aspect
// National Security.
2021. № 2.
P. 35-42.
DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2021.2.22552 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=22552
Abstract:
This article examines the Western and Eastern parts of the Roman Empire during the Middle Ages for finding the evidence of implementation of food security policy therein. The object of this work is the cultural peculiarities and socioeconomic relations in the society, which determine and promote the process of implementation of food security policy. The subject of this work is the theoretical, practical and normative sources on ensuring food stability of the state, normative acts of the government institutions reinforced by the results of archaeological explorations. The author is one of the first within the Russian and foreign literature to demonstrate the facts that testify to the implementation of food security policy in the Middle Ages. Based on the historical example of France under the Capetian dynasty, it is demonstrated that the maintenance of food sustainability in the “mansion state” was implemented by the following means: restrictions on the goods for export, collection of special transit fees, establishment of the customs institutions. The success of the Byzantine food security policy was guaranteed by creating the large grain depots during the reign of Julian the Apostate; establishing the institutions that were accountable to the authorities and controlled the consistent procurement of essential food products; the order of Anastasios II on expulsion from the city of anyone who did not provide themselves with a yearly supply of food; consolidating trade regulations and distribution restriction in the in the “Book of the Prefect”.
Keywords:
food aid, food supply, food threat, dependence on import, food self-reliance, food self-sufficiency,, food security, import substitution, food policies, food sovereignty
Reference:
Batkovskiy A.M., Klochkov V.V., Fomina A.V..
The formation of mobilization capacities of the enterprises military-industrial complex in the conditions of their diversification
// National Security.
2021. № 2.
P. 8-22.
DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2021.2.31771 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=31771
Abstract:
The subject of this research is the pressing scientific-practical task of how to ensure military-technical procurement of the country by improving optimality of management of the development of material and technical base of the enterprises of military-industrial complex in the conditions of their diversification, however avoiding the militarization of the Russian economy. The authors explore the essence of diversification of the enterprises of military-industrial complex and its economic consequences. It is demonstrated that it raises the competitiveness of enterprises, and thus increases their capitalization. The object of this research is the process of formation of mobilization capacities of the enterprises of military-industrial complex in the current context. The article employs the methods of economic analysis and economic and mathematical modeling of the process of formation of mobilization capacities of the enterprises. The novelty of this research lies in comprehensive examination of the processes of diversification of military production and the formation of mobilization capacities of the enterprises of military-industrial complex. The authors developed a toolset to be implemented in practice for optimizing the process of formation of mobilization capacities of the enterprises in the conditions of their diversification. The conclusion is made on the need and possibility for systematic optimization of the process of formation of mobilization capacities in the conditions of diversification.
Keywords:
tools, models, optimization, military-industrial complex, enterprises, diversification, mobilization capacity, production, military products, civil products
Reference:
Pavlov P.V., Godunov I.V., Zashchitina E.K..
Anti-corruption education and outreach as a factor promoting investment attractiveness of the country
// National Security.
2021. № 1.
P. 49-56.
DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2021.1.35030 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=35030
Abstract:
This article examines the correlation between the country’s investment attractiveness and the level of corruption therein. The key goal of this research consist in the creation of comprehensive curriculum for anti-corruption education and outreach, the implementation of which would significantly reduce the level of corruption in Russia, and thereby improve its investment attractiveness on the international arena. The object of this research is the mechanisms for improving investment attractiveness of the country in the global market; one of such mechanisms is the reduction of corruption component. The subject of this research is the practices of anti-corruption education and outreach used by the world leading countries aimed at lowering the level of corruption. The information framework is comprised of the official statistics of the World Bank, as well as expert reports published in the media. Based on the established correlation between these factors, the article provides the examples of measures for reducing the level of corruption implemented in Russia and the leading world countries. The result of the work consists in the development of comprehensive curriculum for anti-corruption education, which can be used on the regional or federal level for achieving a synergistic effect. This article is intended for the scholars and pedagogues, officers of the executive branch, state and municipal officials responsible for the implementation of national anti-corruption plans, as well as other experts dealing with anti-corruption issues.
Keywords:
world economy, anti-corruption tutoring, anti-corruption policy, international business, anti-corruption fighting, anti-corruption education, investment attractiveness, corruption, Anti-Corruption Plan, National security
Reference:
Ermakova E..
Servicing of shadow economy: banking and parabanking systems
// National Security.
2020. № 6.
P. 1-9.
DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2020.6.34674 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=34674
Abstract:
The goal of this article consists in understanding of the role of banking and parabanking institutions in ensuring shadow capital flow. The object of this research is the financial flows that serve shadow economy. The subject of this research is the capital outflow through banking and parabanking systems, shady transactions of commercial banks, and structure of money turnover. Methodological framework is comprised of systemic and integrated approaches. The article also employs the general scientific methods (scientific abstraction, unity of historical and logical, analysis and synthesis, induction and deduction, methods of comparison and analogy), as well as special methods of cognition (monetary methods). Information database contains the official data of the Central Bank of the Russian Federation and Federal State Statistics Service. The following conclusions were formulated: 1) Policy of combating money laundering conducted by the Bank of Russia yields tangible results (significant reduction in the volume of shady operations; commercial banks fearing suspension or revocation of license are not interested in servicing such operations); 2) This leads to active development of more flexible, cost-effective, and uncontrolled by the Bank of Russia shadow banking (this is testified by the the growing role of the parabanking system in servicing of capital outflows), as well as of alternative financial instruments intended to conceal the affiliated entities and beneficiaries are gaining popularity (a number of cryptocurrencies); 3) Current situation (novel coronavirus pandemic, oil shocks) contributed to increase of the share of capital in circulation, which indicates the spread of shadow relations in the country. Therefore, the author underlines the need to ensure transparency of operations of parabanking institutions and their control by the state.
Keywords:
cash, monetary mass, doubtable operations, outflow of capital, shadow banking, bank system, shadow economy, digital currency, offshore, cashing out
Reference:
Samoilova L.K..
Macro-and microfinance indicators as the “markers” of borderline dangerous economic states of the territory
// National Security.
2020. № 5.
P. 1-23.
DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2020.5.34472 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=34472
Abstract:
Leaning on the analysis of the provisions of economic science, which article assesses interrelation between the links of financial system of the country on the one hand, and the impact of the level of financial soundness of businesses and households upon financial security of public law entities on the other; as well as dependence of satisfaction of needs of the individual in public goods on the fullness of centralized monetary funds. Such dependence requires peculiar approach towards determination of financial self-sufficiency of micro-and macroeconomic agents; however, the majority of elaborations focus solely on the public finance, which become the reason for emergence of borderline state of regional economy upon the criterion of its protection from threats – conditionally secure or pseudo secure. In this regard, the goal of this article lies in development of the system of financial-economic indicators and their threshold values; its implementation is aimed at identification of negative trend – indicators of destructive processes in the national economy. The following methods were applied in the course of this research: general scientific – analysis, synthesis, induction, deduction for revealing the peculiarities of ensuring economic security of public law entities in the financial sector; specific scientific – statistical analysis for assessing financial-economic parameters of development of the territory; methods of qualitative assessment of the systems for differentiating the regions upon the criterion of security from financial threats. Considering mutual impact of public and private finance, the author develops the system of financial-economic indicators, the positive dynamics of which testifies to consolidation of financial self-sufficiency of economy of the territory; while negative dynamics in the medium and long-term period testifies to destabilization of certain vital processes of macro - and micro-subjects. Its peculiarity consists in combination of basic and additional coefficients that reflect financial situation of economic agents of various level and determination of their “thresholds”. Implementation of the author's approach in assessment of functionality of financial system of the country is aimed at identification of occurrence causes of borderline dangerous economic states of the territories.
Keywords:
cause-and-effect relationship, private finance, public finance, households, economic entities, public legal entities, financial system, financial security, financial pseudo-security, indicators
Reference:
Samoilova L.K..
Borderline states of economy of the territory: “fine edge” or “void” in between security and danger
// National Security.
2020. № 4.
P. 28-42.
DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2020.4.34004 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=34004
Abstract:
Based on the analysis of provisions of economic science, this article characterizes the state of national economy from the perspective of protectability from negative activities of various origin. In most works the emphasis is placed on its diametrically opposite states – secure and dangerous; but there are also borderline states of conditionally secure and pseudo-secure, which do not receive due attention in the scientific publications. In this regard, the goal is to eliminate the terminological gap that exists in economic science, substantiated by the absence of approaches towards demarcation of these states, by decomposing the definition of “economic pseudo-security”. The result of the conducted research consists in explication of the term “economic pseudo-security” based on specification of attributive features as pseudo-dynamism, pseudo-sustainability, and pseudo-protectability. The inner content of each of the aforementioned criteria is described through their distinctive features. These acquired results are aimed at broadening of theoretical provisions of economic science and systematization of knowledge on the economic security. Usage of separate parameters of pseudo-security would allow the subject of protection, i. e. the state, promptly responding to alternation of the course of socioeconomic processes on macro- and micro-levels in order to prevent the development of borderline states of national economy and their possible later transition into the dangerous.
Keywords:
pseudo-protection, pseudo-stability, pseudo-dynamism, pseudo-safety, conditional safety, borderline states of economy, economic safety, state, protection actor, economic entities
Reference:
Solomennikov A.E..
The relevance of development of critical initiatives in meat packing industry for the purpose of implementation of a new Food Security Doctrine of the Russian Federation
// National Security.
2020. № 3.
P. 104-118.
DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2020.3.32725 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=32725
Abstract:
The goal of this article consists in carrying out comparative characteristics of the Russian Food Security Doctrines adopted in 2010 and 2020; specification of their role, purpose, relevance, and flaws in the national security development strategy, as well as setting priorities, tasks and objectives of the new Food Security Doctrine and its meaning for the development of Russian meat packing industry. The author reveals a multifactor (multicriteria) method of assessment of the development of food production markets for ensuring food security. Using such tools as the balance method, logical, comparative and economic-statistical analysis, the author examines uncertainty factor in the meat packing industry in management decision-making with regards to its sustainable development, as well as functional dependencies of factors affecting fluctuation in stability and planning of the situations that define importance of the development of meat packing companies. It is concluded that the objectives of national security of the country, described in the new Food Security Doctrine, require a comprehensive solution of multifactor and multilevel tasks, including the establishment of centralized management of administrative and financial resources as an integrated and effective tool for the development of meat packing industry, as well as creation of nationally-oriented centralized food industry with a unified operation office and human resource reserve.
Keywords:
quality, multi-criteria approach, development, management, food industry, food security, critical initiatives, Food security, multifactor method, personnel reserve
Reference:
Okhrimenko I.V..
On the impact of socioeconomic policy upon national security (based on the example of Turkish currency and debt crisis of 2018)
// National Security.
2020. № 3.
P. 119-127.
DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2020.3.32850 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=32850
Abstract:
This article is dedicated to examination of the impact of social factors upon the state of national economic security, which is a vital segment within the overall system of national security. Insurance of national economic security implies activities aimed at elimination of factors that negatively affect the development and independence of the national economy. Such factors, of internal or external origin, are views as threats to national economic security. The subject of this research is internal threats that emerged as a result of unfavorable socioeconomic policy of the state. The author describes the impact of Turkish socioeconomic policy upon the state of its economic security by means of establishing a causal connection between certain manifestations of the unfavorable socioeconomic policy of the country and the emergence of threats to national economic security. The scientific novelty consists in definition of socioeconomic policy of the state as a factor affecting both, economic and national security. This hypothesis is substantiated by the following conclusions: 1) Effectiveness of socioeconomic policy of the state depends on differentiation of the distribution of benefits in the course of its realization; serving the interests of particular population group results in destabilization of the society and risks of civil confrontation, which leads to negative consequences for the national economy and adversely affects the state of national economic security. 2) Excessive burden on state budget with social and economic expenditures may negatively affect the state of national economy in the conditions of upcoming macroeconomic cataclysms. This is what happened in Turkey, when a substantial part of state budget dragged national economy to the bottom in terms of the United States economic sanctions and subsequent crisis of 2018.
Keywords:
crisis, state, threat, domestic, security, economic, national, Turkey, social, policy
Reference:
Kovalev A.A..
To the question of ensuring international economic security: logics and key stages
// National Security.
2020. № 1.
P. 38-52.
DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2020.1.29844 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=29844
Abstract:
The goal of this work is to examine the history of ensuring international economic security. This goal can be achieved through the following tasks: 1) determine and explore the stages of ensuring international economic security within historical-logical aspect; 2) characterize and signify the key events of these stages; 3) assess the effectiveness of the mechanism of international legal provision of economic security within the highlighted historical periods. History of ensuring international economic security allows understanding it as the state of global economy, which drives the significant and sustainable growth of economic indexes and demonstrates efficient satisfaction of the economic interests of all nations. In this article, the provision of international economic security was examined within the historical-logical aspect, determining three stages of this process: 1) period between two world wars, when for the first time humanity set forth a task to ensure economic security as the paramount existential factor; 2) during the 1940’s – 1980’s the struggle between the global system of Socialism and Capitalist world also took place as a competition for economic efficiency of the two socioeconomic formations; 3) the third period, arriving after the collapse of the Soviet Union and global system of Socialism, is characterized as creation of unipolar world that is dominated by the United States, which initiated the globalization processes. This led to collision of civilizations, threatening to morph into a large-scale civilizational conflict. At the current stage of civilizational collision, it is difficult to reach a consensus in majority of the key issues pertaining to international economic security.
Keywords:
strategy, state, globalization, history, economy, economic security, national security, security, UN, League of Nation
Reference:
Shabanova L.B., Morozova I.G..
Risk management in production enterprises on municipal level
// National Security.
2019. № 6.
P. 25-33.
DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2019.6.31334 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=31334
Abstract:
The entrepreneurial activity in the market economy is accompanied by many risks. The subjects of this research is the entrepreneurial risks, nature and scale of which need to be probed, in order to be managed efficiently. The goal of this work is to develop methodology for compiling risk maps that would allow not only quick identification and classification of entrepreneurial risks, but also efficiently manage them. A version for structuring a risk map consists in a “likelihood-loss” matrix, where the magnitude and likelihood of loss is scored and marked in the appropriate line or column within the matrix. The scientific novelty of this research consists in development of a risk management algorithm in entrepreneurial activity based on identification and formation of risk maps that allow undertaking efficient measures to mitigate the consequences of a particular risk. The proposed methodological recommendations, as well as the algorithm for classification, identification and management of risk in production entrepreneurship is approved by the materials of OOO “Prok”, and demonstrated its actuality and effectiveness.
Keywords:
acceptable risk, risk management methods, risk classification, risk, enterprise, entrepreneurship, risk identification, risk rating, risk maps, risk mapping
Reference:
Bareiko S.N..
Regional aspects of development of small and medium-size entrepreneurship (on the example of Leningrad Oblast)
// National Security.
2019. № 5.
P. 80-88.
DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2019.5.30892 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=30892
Abstract:
The subject of this research is the regional aspects of entrepreneurship development. The competitiveness of Russia’s economy has a significant regional specificity. Multiple research demonstrate that wellbeing of the region depends on the level of entrepreneurship development. For detailed understanding of the economic role of entrepreneurship development, it is important to determine the strength of correlation of the organization of entrepreneurial structures in the sectors of national economy and regional economy. Special emphasis is made on the risks and threats constraining the development of entrepreneurial activity in the region. In order to ensure economic growth, it is necessary to take measures on improving the investment and entrepreneurial climate. The author comes to the conclusion that the sustainable economic development of Leningrad Oblast cannot be achieved without the development of entrepreneurship. It is important to acknowledge the fact that without the development of civilized entrepreneurship, it is impossible to reach economic growth, effective development of all economic sectors, and improve social wellbeing overall.
Keywords:
social aspect, threats, entrepreneurial risks, competitiveness, regional economy, entrepreneurship, region, social policy, investment, economic sustainability
Reference:
Solomennikov A.E..
Assessment of the development of food production markets using multifactor approach for ensuring food security
// National Security.
2019. № 5.
P. 10-22.
DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2019.5.30934 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=30934
Abstract:
The goal of this work consists in examination of the questions of food security and independence applicable to manufacturing of meat products in the Russian Federation, and suggest paying attention to the existing approaches towards the development of agricultural markets, which often destabilize situation in achieving economic efficiency of the work of the processing industries of national economy. It is underlined that for implementation of the Food Security Doctrine in decision-making systems, it is necessary to use multifactor method or multiple-criteria approach towards development assessment. Using the balance method along with logical, comparative and economic-statistical analysis, the author explores the dynamics of meat production and implementation of the Food Security Doctrine with regards to Russia’ s import substitution policy. The conclusion is made that ensuring food security and independence of meat production are possible only in terms of forecasting the internal and external threats to the country’s food security, with implementation of multifactor approach towards assessment of the economic resources and potential, finding compromise solutions for achieving the maximum effect from allocation of the resources.
Keywords:
balance sheet method, meat processing industry, food supply, agro-industrial complex, import substitution, meat products, food independence, food security, internal threats, external threats
Reference:
Borodin S.K., Vershilov S.A., Myl'tsev V.I..
Struggle for hydrocarbon resources of the Near East in the context of Syrian armed conflict
// National Security.
2019. № 4.
P. 89-97.
DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2019.4.30216 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=30216
Abstract:
The subject of this research consists in rationalization of the struggle for hydrocarbon resources of the Near East in the context of Syrian armed conflicts. The authors attempt to determine the genuine goals of the certain Western and Eastern hydrocarbon actors on establishing the specific order in the territory of Near East. It is proven that the relevance of description of the struggle for hydrocarbon resources of the Near East in the context of Syrian armed conflict is substantiated by a peculiar attribute of globalization: self-interest of the transnational elite who imposes their opinion upon sovereign states. The authors explain the selfish pragmatism of the global backstage of West and East in the Syrian armed conflict, reflected in the desire to establish control over hydrocarbon resources of the Near East in violation of the norms of international law. The arguments are provided that the winner in the Syrian armed conflict gets the “key” from the rich oil and gas deposits of the Near East and can dictate their terms of deliveries of this hydrocarbon to Europe and Asia. The scientific novelty consists in demonstration of the degree of interference of the hydrocarbon actors of West and East into the domestic affairs of the Syrian Arab Republic and other countries of the Near East. The conclusion is made that the termination of the Syrian armed conflict upon the terms of the legitimacy of its government will contribute to ensuring security of the Russian Federation and strengthening of its position on the international arena.
Keywords:
Near East, hydrocarbon resources, oil, oil interest, West, gassy interest, gas, Russia, armed conflict, Syria
Reference:
Tropina Z..
Prevention of misselling as a measure of ensuring safe investing for individuals
// National Security.
2019. № 4.
P. 98-105.
DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2019.4.30694 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=30694
Abstract:
The problem of entrance of a private investor into the national financial market is one of the widely discussed topics. The funds of private investors are essential for the replenishment of financial market resources that ensure growth of the Russian economy. Among the conditions for entrance of a private investor into the national financial market is the formation of protection mechanism from misselling financial instruments. The subject of this research is the causes for conducting misselling by financial organizations and measures that would help overcome and ban misselling. The goal of this research is the analysis of the measures already undertaken in prevention of misselling, as well as measures that are to implemented in the nearest future. Among the main conclusions are the theses that private investors entering the national financial market require comprehensive protection in light of the complications in the conditions of investing, as well as the need to expand the measures on misselling prevention into the stock market. The novelty of this research consists in substantiation of the need to expand the range of measures on prevention of misselling on the financial market and the need of intensifying the fight against misselling in the context of legislative definition of new complex financial instruments with high levels of risk.
Keywords:
structured bonds, subordinated bonds, swaps, options, futures, individual investment accounts, qualified investors, financial literacy, private investors, misseling
Reference:
Prokhoda V..
Energy security in the context of public opinion of the Russian citizens
// National Security.
2019. № 3.
P. 47-56.
DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2019.3.30212 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=30212
Abstract:
This article analyzes the results of comparative sociological study – the “European Social Survey”. The goal lies in determination of the level of concern of the Russian citizens with the various aspects of country’s energy security, in comparison with assessments of the residents of other European states. Energy security is viewed as a crucial component of national security. The author substantiates the need for using sociological methods for studying this topic; as well as examines the peculiarities of assessment given by Russia’s population to sustainability and reliability of energy supply, affordability of energy, dependence of national electric power on fossil fuel, etc. For collecting raw sociological information, the author applied the method of personal in-home interview; age of the respondents is 15 years and above. Factor and correlation analysis were used in the course of this study. The author observes contradictions between the declared as a component of energy security sustainability alongside reliability of population’s energy supply and significant concern of the Russian citizens with the aforementioned aspects of energy security. The conducted correlation analysis demonstrates that the smaller is the locality, the greater is population’s concern with sustainability and reliability of energy supply. Among the European countries, Russia marks the highest level of population’s concern with possible power cut or power outage due to technical failures. It is determined that the source of population’s concern is the financial affordability of electric power. The author pursues correlation between the financial affordability with financial situation of the surveyed families. It is stated that unlike the residents of the majority of countries taking part in the project, the Russians do not see the dependence of national electric power on fossil fuel as a problem.
Keywords:
the fuel and energy complex, the electric power industry, the energy resources, the power supply, the energy supply, the national security, the energy security, threats to energy security, energetic policy, sociological survey
Reference:
Andryukhin A.V., Osipov V.A., Krasova E.V..
Mobilization of workforce into smaller cities within the context of strategic territorial development: on the example of the town of Bolshoy Kamen in Primorsky Krai
// National Security.
2019. № 2.
P. 33-43.
DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2019.2.27699 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=27699
Abstract:
The subject of this research is the trends and issues of mobilization of workforce into smaller towns of Far East in the context of strategic territorial development. The object of this research is the formation of labor resources in smaller cities of the region. The study is conducted on the example of the town of Bolshoy Kamen in Primorsky Krai, which currently experiences difficulties with workforce recruitment for ensuring the needs of the developing shipbuilding industry. This topic is of great relevance for the Far Eastern region, as the mobilization and retention of workforce in smaller towns of the remote territories of Russia carries a strategically important meaning for further development and population of the region, as well as ensuring national security to the Pacific Rim. The goal of the article lies in actualization of the strategies and problems related to mobilization of workforce into the town of Bolshoy Kamen in Primorsky Krai. Methodological foundation contains the current regulations of the regional economy, theories of sustainable economic growth, strategic guidelines of the development of shipbuilding industry over the period until 2035, as well as vectors of Russia’s National Security Strategy. The authors indicated the major issues in formation of labor resources in smaller cities of the Russian Federation; determines the place of the town of Bolshoy Kamen and other smaller cities within the system of allocation of labor resources in the Far Eastern region; demonstrates the factors of mobilization of workforce into the town of Bolshoy Kamen; substantiates the vectors of activity on mobilization and retention of workforce in the town. Resumption of the work of the largest in Far Eastern region shipbuilding complex “Zvezda” is the driving force for mobilization and retention of workforce in the town of Bolshoy Kamen.
Keywords:
advanced development territory, strategic development of territories, demographic dynamics, human resources, labor force, Bolshoy Kamen city, Far Eastern region, single-industry cities, small cities, shipbuilding cluster
Reference:
Bareiko S.N..
The development of small and medium business in Russia as one of the key factors of economic and social stability
// National Security.
2019. № 1.
P. 49-55.
DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2019.1.27974 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=27974
Abstract:
This article examines the factors influencing the socioeconomic development of Russia. The systemic development of entrepreneurship is one of the key factors of stabilization, revitalization and gradual ramp-up of the Russian economy. The current conditions for the development of Russian entrepreneurship are characterizes by the absence of clear and targeted organizational-economic policy. The questions regarding the development of entrepreneurship in Russia remain relevant, as their pendency negates the effectiveness of the separate business structures, as well as the business community overall. The author underlines that the achievement of economic growth requires a set of qualitative, productive measures, including the expansion of structural reforms in the economy, improvement of the investment and entrepreneurial climate, increase of opportunities for small and medium businesses, implementation of innovations, and improvement of legislation. The formulation of measures aimed at reducing the various types of business risks is a paramount component within the mechanism of the development of entrepreneurship.
Keywords:
Innovation, Socio-economic development, Economic growth, Competitiveness, Development, Government regulation, Entrepreneurship, Investment, Risks, Social stability
Reference:
Khandazhapova L.M., Lubsanova N.B., Dagbaeva S.D..
Economic security of a border region: factors and limitations
// National Security.
2018. № 6.
P. 19-26.
DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2018.6.28283 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=28283
Abstract:
The goal of this work consists in assessing the economic security of bordering regions of Siberia and Far East of Russia, as well as determining the factors and limitations of socioeconomic development. The subject of this research is the examination of occupational safety, food safety, innovation security, financial security, and social security that are the key components of economic security of a border region. The authors establish the criteria and threshold values (indicators) of economic security; conduct a comparative analysis of the indicators of economic security of the Siberian Federal District and Far Eastern Federal District for 2010 and 2016. Methodology is based on the systemic approach towards assessment and development of the multilevel system of economic security criteria, considering the specificity of a border region in the conditions of expansion of integration processes. Through the prism of diagnostic assessment of economic security, the authors determine the factors and limitations of border regions, as well as substantiate the main directions in socioeconomic development of the region. The scientific novelty lies in formulation of methodical framework for assessing the economic security of a border region. The authors describe the factors and limitations of socioeconomic development of the region in the context of ensuring economic security; substantiate the key directions in regions’ socioeconomic development for increasing economic security in the eastern regions of Russia; and offer to consider border factor in the system of government regulation of regional development.
Keywords:
the Far East, border region, financial security, food security, industrial security, social security, economic security, factors, restriction, regulation
Reference:
Pinskaya M.R., Artem'ev A.A..
Methodological problems and solutions of indirect taxation of broker operations in the EEU
// National Security.
2018. № 6.
P. 12-18.
DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2018.6.28461 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=28461
Abstract:
The subject of this research is the indirect taxation of broker operations in the EEU. The authors carefully examine such aspects of the topic as taxation consequences of goods imports into Russian Federation from other EEU member states. It is noted that due to methodological flaws of the mechanism of indirect taxation, there is a disruption in the neutrality principle of the target country, producing risks of tax revenue losses. It is proved that taxation consequences of brokered deals should be determined based on the assessment of real economic substance of the conducted transactions. The authors’ contribution into the research of this topic consists in development of solution to the problem of determining the point of VAT in transactions involving a broker. The novelty of this research consists in development of methodology of indirect taxation in regional integration unions aimed at improving the taxation system of foreign trade transactions between EEU member states, conducted through a broker.
Keywords:
principle of neutrality, VAT, indirect taxation, harmonization, import, foreign trade, Eurasian Economic Union, principle of country of destination, commission agent, committent
Reference:
Mikhaylova A.A..
Innovation development and economic security of the regions of western frontier of Russia
// National Security.
2018. № 4.
P. 57-72.
DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2018.4.27402 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=27402
Abstract:
The paramount factor of ensuring economic security of the country and its regions is the sustainable growth of national economy. The level of innovation potential of economic subjects and workforce productivity are of instrumental importance for the economic growth in long-term perspective. Escalation of geopolitical uncertainty in the current Russian realities negatively influences the conduct of innovation activities, which is characterizes by the high level of ambivalence and risks. The economy of the frontier regions is especially affected by the geopolitical factor. The subject of this research is the innovation security of border regions of the European part of Russia, viewed as a paramount component of their economic security. Methodology is based on the theoretical and practical scientific approaches to innovation security, as well as the method of assessment of innovation component of economic security enshrined in the Russian Federation Economic Security Strategy until 2030. The author analyzes the dynamics of key indexes of innovation security for the seven bordering subjects of the Russian Federation: Smolensk Oblast, Kaliningrad Oblast, Leningrad Oblast, Rostov Oblast, Republic of Crimea, as well as federal cities Saint Petersburg and Sevastopol. The scientific novelty lies in adaptation of assessment methodology of innovation security as an element of economic security of the country to the regional level. The main contribution consists in determination of the specificity of ensuring economic security of the regions of western frontier of Russian in the innovation aspect. A conclusion is made on the strong territorial and structural differences of innovation systems of these subjects, which substantiates the need for conducting the territorial-adaptive policy to ensure their innovation development and economic security.
Keywords:
scientific and technological development, cross-border region, economic growth, economic security, innovation security, innovation, investments, human capital, innovation policy, absorptive capacity
Reference:
Korneiko O.V., Poleshchuk A.D., Dubovik O.E..
Research of the interconnection of the exchange rate of Russian ruble and macroeconomic indexes of the country
// National Security.
2018. № 3.
P. 36-46.
DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2018.3.26689 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=26689
Abstract:
As of today, the exchange rate of Russian ruble is considered floating; in other words, it is affected by the market factors that are beyond control of the monetary authorities. This situation threatens the economic security of Russia, thus the development of national economy for elimination of risks association with the fluctuations of ruble’s value is especially pertinent. The object of this research is the exchange rate of the Russian ruble, while the subject is its interconnection with the indexes of national economy. The goal of this work consists in analysis of the impact of macroeconomic indexes of the Russian Federation upon the dynamics of the exchange rate of the Russian ruble. The relevance of this work lies in the fact that the study of the macroeconomic indexes of the Russian Federation and value of the ruble will allow determining the strongest and weakest facets within the economy for coordination of economic policy in the context of national security. The article explores the factors affecting the dynamics of national currency, including econometric analysis of the strength of connection between the indexes of economic development of the Russian Federation and the value of Russian ruble. The work presents the economic interpretation of the interdependence of the exchange rate and the macroeconomic indexes. The authors come to a conclusion on the factor exerting the most influence upon the exchange rate and construct a model for determining the impact of the global oil prices upon the exchange rate.
Keywords:
refinancing rate, currency policy, oil price, economic indicators, national economy, exchange rate, Russia, russian ruble, econometric model, short-range forecast
Reference:
Prikladova A.A..
The impact of BRICS countries upon Russia’s economic security
// National Security.
2018. № 3.
P. 47-57.
DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2018.3.26700 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=26700
Abstract:
The subject of this research is the combination of trade and investment relations between Russia and BRICS in the context of Russia’s economic security. The object of this research is the indexes of the focus of foreign economic ties of Russia with BRICS countries that define the extent of risks with regards to mutual cooperation. The author assesses the current level of economic security in accordance with the key indexes in the area of production and science, social sphere, currency circulation, and foreign economic activity. Having analyzed the dynamics of export and import, direct foreign investment flow between Russia and BRICS countries, the author determines the development trends of the trade and investment cooperation, and thus, Russia’s dependence of the BRICS countries in foreign economic sphere and the degree of their impact upon Russia’s economic security. A conclusion is made on the presence of risks for decline in the level of economic security of the Russian Federation in the foreign economic sphere due to the growing role of China in Russia’s foreign trade. As a solution, the author recommends to expand the investment cooperation with the People’s Republic of China, which alongside the all-round development of foreign economic relationship with other BRICS countries, will allow strengthening the economic security of the Russian Federation.
Keywords:
China, GDP, foreign trade, international economic relations, foreign economic activity, South Africa, export, import, economic security indicators, FDI
Reference:
Ahmed M.A..
Peculiarities of the interaction between Russia and Qatar within the framework of Gas Exporting Countries Forum
// National Security.
2018. № 2.
P. 40-47.
DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2018.2.26477 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=26477
Abstract:
This article examines the key aspects, issues and prospects of interaction between Russian and Qatar within the framework of the Gas Exporting Countries Forum (GECF). The author highlights the paramount stages in operation of the Forum and determines it as a new important actor at the global gas market. Considering the factor of competitiveness between the leading gas exporting countries (Russia, Qatar and Iran), the article analyzes and argues the interconditionality of their interests in the energy sector, as well as security in the Near East. Based on the reached in 2016-2017 bilateral Russia-Qatar agreements, the author comes to a conclusion on the possibility of bilateral rapprochement with regards to the question of energy cooperation and ensuring the regional security. The author conducts a comprehensive analysis of the political aspects of energy diplomacy of Russian and Qatar in terms of GECF within the indicated chronological framework, taking into account significant changes that took place in the system of international relation overall, as well as geopolitical transformation in the region.
Keywords:
competition, international energy cooperation, GECF, Gas Exporting Countries Forum, Middle East, Qatar, Russia, energy politics, energy security, international organizations
Reference:
Goncharenko L.P., Sharko E.R., Sybachin S.A..
Level of financial solvency and the social component of organizational economic mechanism of strategic management of economic security of Russia: regional aspects
// National Security.
2018. № 2.
P. 48-68.
DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2018.2.26518 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=26518
Abstract:
The relevance of this research is substantiated by the fact that currently there exists a number of the state conceptual documents on the development of economic security of Russia; however, the unified organizational-economic mechanism of strategic management of the country’s economic security is yet to be developed. Within the framework of this article, the authors selected the meso-level analysis. The object of study became the Perm Krai and Vladimir Oblast (the small cities were chosen for demonstrating the regional level of the system of economic security of Russia). An important selection criterion was the remoteness from the capital region. Verification of dependence of the separate structural indexes of components on the mechanism of economic security of Russia will allow more efficiently managing the regional development – the basic of economic security of Russia particularly forms at the regional level. The absence of the scale of existing indexes and their assessment prior to this research confines the development of regional potential, because the strategic management requires the rational allocation of the provided resources meeting the actual needs in order to ensure the necessary balance – the suggested scale of the level of structural indexes is aimed at solving this issue. The authors observe the intercorrelation between not only the components of organizational-economic mechanism of strategic management of economic security, but also each of the structural indexes that form the importance of components in the mechanism. The subsequent vector of research can become the determination of the entire list of significant indexes of all components of the organizational-economic mechanism of strategic management of economic security of Russia, as well as the emergence of the analytical model of the system of economic security, which will be an effective instrument for formation of the development strategy of Russia.
Keywords:
the level of consumer services, inpatient medical care, financial component, social component, strategic management, regional aspect, economic safety, organizational and economic mechanism, provision of educational services, the cost of national safety
Reference:
Lushchik A.A..
Optimization of organizational and economic vectors of increasing affordability and quality of food for the regional population
// National Security.
2018. № 1.
P. 33-48.
DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2018.1.25330 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=25330
Abstract:
The subject of this research is the vectors of increasing affordability and quality of food for the regional population. The article examines the questions of regional government policy planning aimed at supplying the population with basic types of food in accordance with the rational consumption norms, as well as course of food import for ensuring the domestic needs of population in food products. Implementation of the proposed measures into the practice of territories is possible in terms of the acting plans of introduction of changes and amendments into the regional and federal programs. Using the statistical and analytical methods, studies of economic regularities, the author made calculations based on the data for the Russian Federation, and particularly Irkutsk Oblast. In terms of the conducted sociological survey, the author confirms the high portion of food purchases by rural population due to decrease in their own production of provisions, as well as determines the key trends of affordability and quality of food in the food market of Irkutsk Oblast. The revealed peculiarities of the organizational and economic mechanisms of supplying population with affordable and safe food products allowed formulating the suggestions on increasing of its affordability and quality for population, the distinct features of which are: the availability of independent food quality test by consumers; organization of consumer unions and commodity markets on sales of food products, agricultural byproducts, and forest resources that is a permissible norm of protection of the consumers and food producers within the requirements of WTO and global legislation.
Keywords:
Population, Security, Food, Agribusiness, Organization of production, Regional economy, Food safety, Strategy, Market, Agriculture
Reference:
Korneiko O.V..
Seaport economy of Primorsky Krai: status and assessment of threats to the economic security
// National Security.
2017. № 4.
P. 36-49.
DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2017.4.23170 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=23170
Abstract:
The object of this research is the status of economic security of the seaport economy as an essential element of the transportation and logistics system of Primorsky Krai. Assessment of the current level of development of the seaports, identification of the key issues of their functionality, determination of the promising directions in development of the seaport infrastructure will allow to better understand the threats in establishing the efficient system of ensuring the economic security of the entire Russian transportation system under the modern circumstances, as well as contribute into the enrichment of state policy in the area of seaport economy with valuable knowledge. Using the SWOT-analysis, the author carries out an evaluation of the strong and weak sides of the seaport economy of the region, reveals the factors that destabilize its economic security identifies the threats, and suggests the measures for its overcoming. It is clarified that the main barrier on the path to integration of the seaport economy of Primorsky Krai into the Pacific Rim lies in the low throughput capacity of the railways.
Keywords:
Perspectives, Threats of economic security, Russia, region, Primorsky Krai, seaport, Economic security, risks, State of economic security, infrastructure
Reference:
Pryadko I.P..
World Trade Organization and Russian Agroindustrial Complex (review of opinions on the issues of modern Russian agriculture)
// National Security.
2017. № 3.
P. 126-142.
DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2017.3.22439 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=22439
Abstract:
The subject of this research is the points of view of the modern Russian politicians regarding the impact of Russia’s entrance into the WTO (World Trade Organization) upon the agroindustrial complex. The article provides assessments of the modern Russian politicians and entrepreneurs pertaining to the consequences of entrance of the Russian Federation into WTO for the Agroindustrial Complex, which have already took place or expected. The majority of feedbacks coincide in one important aspects: the consequences could turn out not as disastrous if not the long decline period in the infrastructure of rural areas throughout the period of 1990’s. A big portion of decline in population among the rural residents who have moved to the cities on the background of demographic downturn, schools closure, lack of financial support for rural medicine, uncontrolled import of agricultural products containing GMO, protection of Russian lands and mineral resource – these are namely the questions currently discusses by any authors on the topic of Russian rural life. The article introduces the numbers of downfall in Russia’s agricultural production during the 1990’s, as well as suggestions of analytics regarding the normalization of situation with the agricultural production. The author leans on the comparative analysis of mass media materials, retrospectively provides the expert opinions of politicians and public figures, and civil society representatives. The main conclusion consists in the thesis that the attitude towards the carried out economic reforms from the perspective of their impact upon the Agroindustrial Complex among the experts is quite ambiguous. Being unsatisfied with the state of agriculture, they give opposite recipes for its recovery. The author notices that the critical part of public speeches of the politicians is similar in many ways. The state of the Russian Agroindustrial Complex is affected by Russia’s entrance into WTO. However, this step of the Russian government overlaps with multiple preceding and future political events. The very questions about Russia’s entrance into WTO is strongly politicalized, which indicates the relevance of this topic for the various groups of civil society.
Keywords:
food security, agricultural production, Agroindustrial Complex, socio-economic problems, WTO, Russian village, expert opinion, public opinion, political parties, World Trade Organization
Reference:
Pavlov P.V., Pleshivtseva A.A..
The role of monetary gold in national economy of the state
// National Security.
2017. № 2.
P. 99-108.
DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2017.2.19556 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=19556
Abstract:
The object of this research is the gold reserve of the state and its role in the national and global economy. The subject is the tools and methods of formation, preservation, and exhaustion of the golden reserve. The article is dedicated to the questions of formation of the golden reserves in composition of the foreign-exchange reserves of the state, their growing role in the globalizing economy, process of repatriation of gold, which create the new geography of its territorial preservation due to the political and economic steps from the side of the United States Federal Reserve System. The main conclusion lies in emphasis of the growing role of the monetary gold in composition of the foreign-exchange reserves of the developed states. The authors determine that at present stage the function of formation of the reserve currency is taken on board by the countries that attempt making their national currency as the global means of payment. The scientific novelty consists in analysis of the principles of preservation of the foreign-exchange reserves, as well as identification of reasons of the increasing requirements of the countries towards the United States regarding the repatriation from the golden reserve.
Keywords:
Gold bullion, Reserve asset, Federal Reserve, Countries-gold miners, gold reserve, Preservation of gold , Repatriation of gold, Monetary gold, Foreign-exchange reserves, Gold
Reference:
Pavlov P.V., Firsova M.V..
Mechanism of assessment of the efficiency of functionality of the special economic zones in the Russian Federation and directions of its transformation under the modern conditions
// National Security.
2016. № 6.
P. 711-719.
DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2016.6.68553 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=68553
Abstract:
The object of this research is the efficiency of functionality of the renewed institution of special economic zones (SEZ). The subject of this research is the existing mechanism of assessment of the efficiency of work of SEZ under the changed economic conditions. The article performs an analysis of the flaws and violations in the work of the Russian SEZ, as well as demarcated the parameters of assessment of SEZ efficiency in general and efficiency of the functionality of SEZ in particular. The authors analyze the combination of indexes aimed at examination of functionality of the special economic zones in the Russian Federation, as well as international level. The propositions regarding the ways of adjustment of the current Russian methodic of assessment of SEZ are being formulated. The rules of assessment of the efficiency of functionality of SEZ were introduced by the Russian government in 2013, and did not undergo any changes until the present time. Thus, the scientific novelty lies in suggestions pertaining to the improvement of this mechanism, considering the international experience and results of the audits of SEZ by the Accounts Chamber of the Russian Federation.
Keywords:
Investment attractiveness, Strategy of promotion, Created work places, Financial schemes, Managing companies, Relative indexes of efficiency, Absolute indexes of efficiency, Assessment of efficiency, Violation of functionality, Special economic zone
Reference:
Krasova E.V..
Labor potential of Far East in the system of economic development and the strengthening of Russia's national security
// National Security.
2016. № 6.
P. 720-729.
DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2016.6.68554 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=68554
Abstract:
The subject of the research is the labor potential of Far East, considered in the context of the problems of regional economic development and national security of Russia. The object of research is the Far Eastern region as a priority area of development, which in the XXI century became the locomotive of economic growth and a national security guarantor in the Asia-Pacific Region (APR). The main scientific and practical problem of the article is the gap between the need to ensure a high threshold of national security in the Asia-Pacific region and the limited labor potential of the region. The purpose of the article is to study the process of formation and development of labor potential in Far East of Russia in the system of economic growth and the strengthening of Russia's national security. The methodological basis of the article includes the general theses of the modern economic and political sciences, in particular, national security, the theory of development of labor potential, human capital theory, used by system analysis. The author proves the significant role of the labor potential of the region to ensure the national security and its strategic role in the sustainable development of the modern Russian economy, determines the historical conditions of formation of labor potential in the Far East, considers state support ways of its growth in the twentieth century and actualizes tendencies of its development in the late XX - beginning of XXI centuries. The study reveals the reasons for the depopulation of the region and the potential loss of employment in the last quarter of a century, and on this basis, considers factors and causes of aggravation of threats to national security today. The article describes the necessity of recovering and increasing employment potential, underlines the leading role of the Strategy of socio-economic development of the Far East until 2025 in the development of human capital, which is implemented through the concept of territories of advancing social and economic development (TASED). Special attention is paid to various ways of recovery of labor potential in the Far East. The research results are valuable in terms of updating the current problems, determining the prospects of formation of labor potential and strengthening of national security of Russia in the Asia-Pacific region.
Keywords:
human capital of region, labor shortage, demographic pressures, strategic threats, potential of Far East, labor potential of Russia, sustainable development, regional development strategy, territory of priority development
Reference:
Sharkov N.N..
Analysis of the consequences of the “banking” model of financial structure development in the context of financial security of the Russian economy
// National Security.
2016. № 6.
P. 730-739.
DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2016.6.68555 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=68555
Abstract:
The established “banking” model of financial infrastructure of Russian does not have the resources for development in the long-term perspective. Low level of involvement of the institutions of financial infrastructure into financing of the development of national economy defines the relevance of examination of the possible consequences of preservation of this model in the context of country’s financial security under the conditions of global competition. The subject of this article is the role of the institutions of financial infrastructure in ensuring Russia’s financial security. Special attention is given to the analysis of the established structure of sources for financing of the investments and main capital. The author substantiates the necessity of converting the acting model of financial infrastructure development into the “institutional”. During the course of this research, the author proposed the four possible scenarios of further development of Russia’s economy, depending on the vector of development of the national financial infrastructure in mid and long-term perspective. Under the conditions of global competition, the priority is given to the “target” and the “optimistic” types of scenarios, which meet the requirements of financial security. The conclusion is made on the need for generating the mechanism of ensuring financial security to the Russian Federation along with determining the possible tools of its implementation.
Keywords:
global competition, stability, sustainable development, capital investments, institutional model, bank model, financial security, financial infrastructure, bonded financing, bank loan
Reference:
Filin S.A., Yakushev A.Zh..
Increase of a share of intellectual property in intangible assets of the companies that produce products used for ensuring national security
// National Security.
2016. № 4.
P. 519-531.
DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2016.4.68015 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=68015
Abstract:
The subject of this research is the process of increasing the share of intellectual property in intangible assets of the enterprises for the purpose of increase of their competitiveness and acceleration of transition to innovative type of development. The object of this research is the enterprises of the sector of the Russian economy that produce products used for ensuring national security. The tasks of this work consist in the analysis of consequences of the increased share of intellectual property in intangible assets of the enterprises and systematization on the basis of this analysis of positive and negative consequences for their financial and economic activity and its results. The authors systematize the consequences of increase in a share of intellectual property in intangible assets of the enterprises for their financial and economic activity and its results. The role of the state in this process and the possible consequences of its realization connected with decrease in the budgetary load of the state are being analyzed. The novelty of research consists in identification of possible consequences of increase in a share of intellectual property in intangible assets of the enterprises of the sector of the Russian economy producing production used for ensuring national security. The main conclusions of the conducted research is that the current increase in a share of intellectual property in assets of the enterprises becomes the general trend of development and the general tendency providing increase of their competitiveness and transition to innovative type of development.
Keywords:
National, Immaterial, Innovative, Security, Enterprise, Property, Development, Assets, Capital, Intellectual
Reference:
Tseykovets N.V..
Basic requirements for the systems of indicators of the national economic security
// National Security.
2016. № 4.
P. 532-542.
DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2016.4.68016 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=68016
Abstract:
This article is dedicated to the issues of methodological foundations of the quantitative measurement of the level of national economic security. The object of this research is the systems of indicators of economic security, while the subject is the main problems of the indicative method of evaluation alongside the basic requirements that should be submitted for such systems. The author thoroughly examines the most well-known systems of indicators of the national economic security, including the officially confirmed by the Security Council of the Russian Federation. Special attention is given to the prospects of the applied use of such systems in practical economic policy. The main conclusion of this research consists in the statement that methodological approaches towards the establishment of indicative systems of such type require sufficient expansion, and that the most well-known systems of such type contain logical contradictions, as well as errors of the statistical analysis. The scientific novelty lies in formulation of a methodological base for development of the new system of indicators of economic security, which takes into account the flaws of the preceding research in this area. The author determines a number of tasks, the solution of which should lead to creation of such system of indicators.
Keywords:
reference indicator, threshold indicator, interval indicator, critical threshold values, indicators of economic security, indicators systems, national security, economic security, quantitative assessment, monitoring
Reference:
Bakharev D.V..
Place and role of spatial analysis of development of the socioeconomic processes in ensuring effective social control over crime
// National Security.
2016. № 4.
P. 543-552.
DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2016.4.68017 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=68017
Abstract:
This article analyses the ideological prerequisites, content, and experience of application of the spatial analysis in examination of regularities of the establishment of territorial differences of crime indexes and causative complex of criminality in general. The author describes the prospects of implementation of the results of spatial analysis of development of the socioeconomic processes in increasing the efficiency of functionality of a system of social control over crime. Analysis of the modern sociopolitical situation in the Russian Federation from a territorial perspective gives grounds to review criminality as one of the parameters of the state of social community of certain level. A strong interrelation of criminality with the social wellbeing of the members of this community is subjected to criminological research– the better it is (in comparison with the social wellbeing of the members of typologically similar communities of people), the lower are the crime indexes. In its turn, the social wellbeing of population of a specific social territorial community depends on the rates and vectors of its development: the more dynamic and gradual is the development of a peculiar social community in socioeconomic or other aspects, the higher is the level of social wellbeing of people within this community. Crime indexes serve as an indicator of the state of social organism of certain scale (on the level of settlement, region, or country as a whole), the “activation” of which, i.e. a comparative decline of crime indexes, alerts about the emergence of a certain dysfunction inside this organism. The most unfavorable among them that leads to a stable increase of the crime rate, is the occurrence of misbalance between the potential of socioeconomic development, and the character and rates of such development in reality. Crime indexes along with its dynamics must one of the targeted indicators in evaluation of efficiency of implementation of the socioeconomic policy on all levels.
Keywords:
Spatial analysis, Territorial socioeconomic systems, Factors of socioeconomic development, Political-economic institutions, Social control, Institutional structure of society, Territorial differences of crime, Geography of crime, Causes of crime, Criminality
Reference:
Koroleva L.P., Tanyakina O.A..
Threat assessment of tax safety of the Russian Federation by indicators of tax revenues of the consolidated budget
// National Security.
2016. № 2.
P. 266-275.
DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2016.2.67754 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=67754
Abstract:
The increase of tax revenues by the end of 2014 and the first quarter of 2015 is often interpreted as a positive result of the depreciation of the ruble and the proof of the efficiency of the tax system and tax administration. The growth of tax revenues will allow the state to expand the expenditure side of the budget. However, the growth of the absolute values of tax revenue caused by the volatility of exchange rate and inflation increase of tax bases may not provide the necessary level of tax safety of the state, which actualizes the threat assessment in the tax area The article have shown signs of increasing threat to the tax safety based on the analysis of dynamics of indicators of the growth rates and structure of tax revenues of the Russian Federation consolidated budget in the period from 2003 to 2014. It appears in the declining share of tax revenues in the value of the budget revenues by increasing of its nominal values. A stepwise decrease in the proportion of tax revenues since 2009 compared with the period from 2005 to 2008, and a higher rate of growth (decline) of tax revenues compared to the same indicator of GDP in periods of growth (decline), is demonstrated by using the method of graphical representation of the results of the study. A comparison of the dynamics of the growth rate and the share of tax revenues by type allow to making the conclusion about its current and future role in the formation of a profitable part of the consolidated budget of the Russian Federation. It is concluded that there are a high chance of a significant drop in tax revenues to the budget at the end of 2015, following the 2014 crisis, and the need to find potential sources to increase tax revenues of the budget system of the Russian Federation. It includes the enactment of progressive scale rates of personal income tax and the improvement of taxation of the extractive industries.
Keywords:
tax activity, safety, GDP, revenue, indicator, assessment, budget, threat, tax, structure
Reference:
Konvisarova E.V., Uksumenko A.A..
The problems of road network funding in the context of Russia’s national security
// National Security.
2016. № 2.
P. 276-285.
DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2016.2.67755 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=67755
Abstract:
The subject of this research is the mechanism of road network funding and the instruments of state regulation from the position of targeted and effective use of budget and business funds in the context of national security of the Russian Federation. The goal of this work consists in generalization of foundations and formulization of suggestions on solution of funding of the road network under the changing economic and geopolitical circumstances. The authors determine the current state of the road network funding within the established socioeconomic conditions, as well as formulate the possible solutions of development of the transportation infrastructure for the purpose of realization of the innovative model of economic growth of the Russian Federation. The particular recommendations on improvement of the road network funding are being proposed. During the course of this research the authors detected the main problems of road network : the global underfunding; absence of the contemporary normative base, systemic process of modernization, and implementation of new technologies and innovations; deficit of qualified personnel; extremely high-cost construction and maintenance of roads. The evolution of ideas with regards to road network funding is being presented in the historical aspects, as well on the example of the foreign experience; their advantages and disadvantages are being considered. The authors substantiate the use of the concept of targeted principle of road network funding through the system of specialized targeted transportation funds: targeted federal transportation fund, targeted regional and municipal transportation funds. The attraction of private investments based on the projects of state-private partnership is being recommended for the funding of new roadwork.
Keywords:
Administrative legal regulation, Investments, State-private partnership, Transportation tax, Roadwork, Road system, Sources of funding, Funding, Road network system, Transportation strategy
Reference:
Kravchenko L.I..
The role of government in ensuring the economic security of the country: from the real to the necessary
// National Security.
2016. № 1.
P. 93-105.
DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2016.1.67536 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=67536
Abstract:
The subject of this research is the function and place of the government in realization of the economic policy. The author analyzes the government’s role in the context of the liberal economic model, and underlines the vulnerable points in the concept government self-repair and proves the need for substitution of the liberal economic model to post-liberal. In order to ensure the economic security, government should carry out an mobilization function. Thus it is suggested to increase the portion of state property and the scale of state spending, as well as to introduce the notion of responsibility and move towards the fair redistribution of the resource streams. The author’s main contribution into the revelation of this topic consists in proposition of the new economic model, in which a substantial place belongs to the optimal role of the government from the perspective of ensuring the economic security. The author suggests the quantitative parameters of the state’s weight in the economy and promotes the concept of the responsible state policy in implementation of the economic vector of development.
Keywords:
State, economy, liberalism, The Bank of Russia, economic security, government spending, self-sufficiency, sovereignty, justice, a responsibility, state, economy, liberalism, Bank of Russia, economic security, public expenditures, self-sufficiency, sovereignty, justice, responsibility
Reference:
Troshin N.N..
Russia in the Continental Blockade: economic consequences
// National Security.
2015. № 6.
P. 851-862.
DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2015.6.67239 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=67239
Abstract:
Under the circumstances of the growing economic sanctions against Russia from the United States and the European Union, resulting from the events in Ukraine, Russia may once again end up in the situation of a “Continental Blockade”, similar to the one that took place between the 1808 and 1812. The integration of Russia into the Continental System, enacted by Napoleon in the struggle against Great Britain, has led to the degradation of the conditions of Russian foreign trade. But the rapid decline of 1808 was not caused by the dissolution of trade relations with England (Russia’s key foreign trade partner), as much as it was by Britain’s retaliatory actions, blocking the coast of Baltic Sea, as well as the embargo by the United Sea. It is evident that the quantitative research is impossible without using a substantial amount of statistical data, and as demonstrated by the analysis of the dynamics of the import and export prices, the negative consequences of Continental Blockade for Russian economy during the Napoleonic Wars were greatly exaggerated. There is no doubt that today the United States have significantly more capabilities than Napoleon had to exert pressure on the Russian economy. Even now, the sanctions affect not only the foreign trade, but the financial operations of Russian banks and companies. But Russia’s membership in the WTO virtually denies the Western countries the ability to directly implement trade limitations.
Keywords:
Continental Blockade, Embargo, Economic sanctions, Export, Treaties of Tilsit, Cotton mills, Relative prices, Trade conditions, Ruble’s exchange rate, Sugar industry
Reference:
Goncharenko L.P., Yakushev A.Zh., Ambartsumyan V.N., Sybachin S.A., Fat'yanova I.R..
Analysis of the trends of development in the area of research and development as a factor of economic safety of the Russian Federation
// National Security.
2015. № 6.
P. 863-874.
DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2015.6.67240 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=67240
Abstract:
The subject of this research is the dangers and threats to the economic security of the Russian Federation in the area of innovation security. The object of the research is the quantitative trends of development in the sphere of R&D, more specifically: staffing of R&D, the current situation in the area of financing of R&D and activity of subjects of various forms of property. Innovation security represents the key factor that ensures the economic and national security of the country. The relevance of this works is justified by the importance of growth of the R&D sector of Russian economy, as well as the ability to ensure national security and expanded reproduction of national economy. The goal of this article is to research the quantitative trends in the dynamic of the system of objects of innovation security such as science and personnel, techniques and technologies, products and services, realization and commercial use. The results of this analysis allowed the authors to conclude on the existence of the processes that limit the work on research and development. In the conditions of the increase in scientific and technical aspects of international competitiveness, these trends pose a threat to the national security of the Russian Federation and increase the vulnerability of Russian economy to the domestic and foreign threats.
Keywords:
Research and development, Financing structure, Expenses, Personnel, Investment volume, Trends, Development forecast, Threats, Crisis, Innovation
Reference:
Kashulin D.A..
Energy safety as the research task for political science
// National Security.
2015. № 6.
P. 875-885.
DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2015.6.67241 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=67241
Abstract:
This article analyzes the conceptual approaches, key trends, and prospective directions of research in the area of energy security within the framework of political discourse. It examines the global aspect of energy security, and analyzes the specificity of modern international energy relations and causes of competitiveness for access to energy resources, as well as the risks on the path of ensuring national and international energy security. A special attention is given to the subjects of energy relations. The author assesses the level of their influence upon the state of the energy market, the role in strengthening global energy security, as well as forms and means of their cooperation. The author reviews the form of state-private partnership as the most efficient way to ensure energy security. The conceptual approaches towards energy security reflect the entirety of the problems emerging before the countries on their path towards energy stability. As a result, on the background of the expanding spectrum of global risks it is extremely important to have a dialogue between the countries in the area of energy partnership, and it is important to conduct a politological analysis of the problems of energy security, which would contribute to understanding of the processes, trends, and forecasts of development of the energy markets.
Keywords:
National security, Energy security, Russia, Politics, Political science, Political regime, State, Interests, Values, International relations
Reference:
Larionov A.Yu..
The system of indexes of usage of primary assets and facilities for the purpose of forecasting and determining occupational hazards
// National Security.
2015. № 5.
P. 732-737.
DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2015.5.66985 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=66985
Abstract:
The subject of this research is the railroad transportation companies and the tasks of forecasting and determining occupational hazards that are based on the system of indexes of using primary assets and facilities. The author gives a detailed examination to such aspects of the topic as achieving priority strategic goals of development of national economy thorough proper level of development of transportation infrastructure. A special attention is given to such problems of railroad transportation as low technical level of maintenance base of primary assets and facilities and unsatisfactory condition of its operational and productive base. The conducted research allowed the author to make the conclusion on the fact that cutbacks in construction and reconstruction of infrastructure objects on the Russian railways, as well as the rate of renovation and replenishment of depots with newer equipment contribute to a significant degradation of technical state and their functionality. Thus, as the most optimal means for increasing efficiency of the railroad transportation the author proposes a system of forecasting and determining occupational hazards that is based on the indexes of usage of primary assets and facilities.
Keywords:
Primary assets and facilities, Indexes, Wear, Railroad transportation, Infrastructure, Occupational hazard, Construction, Performance, Russian Railways, Technical state
Reference:
Zhemukhova M.A., Surma I.V..
Peculiarities of functioning of illicit financial flows in developing countries
// National Security.
2015. № 5.
P. 738-744.
DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2015.5.66986 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=66986
Abstract:
The subject of this research is the illicit financial flows that emerge in developing countries as a result of money laundering, tax evasion and bribery. The author underlines that the main international standards on the fight against illicit financial flows are focused on the following strategic areas: money laundering, tax evasion, corruption, reimbursement of the illegally transferred funds. The author thoroughly describes that the illegal financial outflow forms by the means of two sources:1) import-export scams; 2) outflow of speculative capital. The statistics demonstrated in this article shows that Asian developing countries accrue almost half of the total amount of illegally transferred assets. The author analyzes the reports of such non-governmental organizations as: Tax Justice Network (report “The Price of Offshore Revisited”) and International Financial Integrity (report “Global Illicit Flows from Developing Countries over the period of 2003-2012), report of the Economic Cooperation Organization (ECO) “Illicit Financial Flows from Developing Countries. Assessment of Countermeasures”. The main conclusion of the conducted research is the urgent need for developing countries to reevaluate and abandon agreements on avoiding double taxation; accepting the position on the auto exchange of tax information, requirements of transnational corporations to publically reveal their data about each country on incomes, profit, losses, sales, paid taxes, and personnel capacity.
Keywords:
black economy, developing countries, direct investment, portfolio investment, international corruption, tax evasion, money laundering, illicit financial flows, transnational corporation, financial embezzlement
Reference:
Kiselev A.E..
Improvements to the classification of approaches towards strategic management of state corporations under current circumstances
// National Security.
2015. № 4.
P. 591-599.
DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2015.4.66740 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=66740
Abstract:
This article examines the approaches towards management of state corporations from the perspective of ensuring stable growth of Russian economy and providing security. Two types of management of state corporations are being highlighted – traditional and innovative, including the differentiating aspects of both. The author substantiates the fact that the current approaches towards strategic management of state corporations need optimization and improving. In this article an attempt is made to systematize and propose a number of original approaches towards classification and improvements to the methods of strategic management of state corporations in foreign and Russian practice. The author demonstrates that under current conditions, which make it absolutely essential to have a planned and stable step by step development of national economy and economic subjects that form it, the use of innovative approach towards strategic management of state corporations is an objective necessity, corresponding to the current situation and scientific achievements in the management sphere.
Keywords:
proactivity, innovative approach, indicative planning, learning management, objectives management, state corporations, strategic management, state management, delegation of authority, functional strategies
Reference:
Vlasov A.P..
Methods of assessment of black market economy
// National Security.
2015. № 3.
P. 417-426.
DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2015.3.66592 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=66592
Abstract:
The subject of this research is the comparative analysis of the methods of assessment of the quantitative parameters of black market economy. In essence, in order to determine the volume of hidden economy, it is necessary to calculate the “shortages”. The article presents direct and indirect methods that are used by economists to assess and compare the black market economies of different countries. The black market economy is a complex and a diverse phenomenon. The authors of various theories interpret the nature of this phenomenon differently. The article gives an overview of the methods used in assessing the black market economy, and highlights their key merits and flaws. Amongst the methods of black market economic activity, the ones that have gained the most popularity are the statistical method of specific indicators, especially those such as the method of comparison of incomes and spending and method of currency demand. The author presents the results of assessment of black market economy in Russia using these methods.
Keywords:
Unemployment, Russian black market economy, Business climate, Employment, Salary, Investments, Inflation, Macroeconomics, Informal sector, Under-the-table pay
Reference:
Kormishkina L.A., Koroleva L.P..
Assessment of the tax maneuver from the position of the paradigm of neo-industrial development of Russia
// National Security.
2015. № 3.
P. 427-441.
DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2015.3.66593 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=66593
Abstract:
The key problem in the realization of ideas for neo-industrialization of Russia is the deep divide between mining and processing industries, which are the object of this research. The large-scale neo-industrial reforms require mobilization of a significant amount of finances, activating reforms within the tax system, which provides substantial portion of the revenue into the budget. As a result, the subject of this research is the tax instruments for regulating the mining, processing, and oil industries. The goal of this research is to evaluate the rationality of the government tax policy in the context of the need to shift from exporting raw materials model of economy to neo-industrial. The author analyzes the data from the usage of GDP for the period from 1995 to 2014, and assesses the tax revenue from the mining and processing industry within the budget system for the period from 2006 to 2014. The research into the priorities of the tax policy of the Russian Federation and the conducted analysis of the statistical information demonstrate a growth in preferentiality of the tax regime towards the oil industry in the post-crisis period of 2008,
Keywords:
tax, export-commodity economy, oil industry, manufacturing industry, mining industry, neo-industrial development, tax maneuver, tax policy, tax burden, export duty
Reference:
Kuznetsov D.V., Mekhdiev Sh.Z..
Lease financing in ensuring economic security of businesses
// National Security.
2015. № 3.
P. 442-448.
DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2015.3.66594 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=66594
Abstract:
This article demonstrates the role and the place of lease financing in providing economic security of business. The author gives characteristics to the economic security and determines the criteria for ensuring economic security in structuring an effective system of lease financing. Economic security of the subjects of lease financing is directly tied to four key concepts: “interests”, “independence”, “competitiveness”, and “stability”. The theoretical significance of this work is defined by the research of the effect of the sources of financing, terms of the lease agreement, and financial state of the subjects of a lease upon ensuring effectiveness of economic security of the subjects of lease financing. The significance of the research is substantiated by the overall aim of the conceptual and methodological developments, methodological recommendations for structuring and advancing an efficient system of lease financing for the customers of leasing market. Ensuring economic security of lease financing suggests account of the influence of sources of lease financing upon the financial state of lease subjects.
Keywords:
Lease financing, Economic security, Business safety, Economy, Security, Lease, Effective system, Criteria for economic safety, Terms of a lease agreement, Lease subjects
Reference:
Chernyshev A.I., Sviridov V.I..
Special economic zones as an instrument of state regulation of economic security of the regions
// National Security.
2015. № 2.
P. 297-303.
DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2015.2.66407 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=66407
Abstract:
Special economic zones as an instrument of state regulation of economic security of the regionsThis article examines the issues of state regulation of the territories with a special regime of economic and entrepreneurial activities, as well as the key problems in functionality of the special economic zones in the Russian Federation. A special economic zone is a part of national territory that has additional autonomy in business decisions, and a special regime of managing economic activity for foreign and domestic enterprises. The specificity of these zones lies in the various advantages for its participants: tax and customs incentives; various forms of subsidies; simplification of administrative obstacles. The main conclusion of this research consists in the fact that despite the short period of the existence of special economic zones in Russia, a positive experience in this sphere of activity has already been acquired. Creation of such zones in the future should become one of the elements of economic security of the country, especially in the area of import substitution industrialization.
Keywords:
economic security, economy, production, innovation, technology, incentive, investment, country, import substitution, region
Reference:
Shemyakina M.S..
Assessment of the tax potential within the system of ensuring regional tax security
// National Security.
2015. № 2.
P. 304-311.
DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2015.2.66408 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=66408
Abstract:
This article examines one of the instruments for ensuring regional tax security – management of tax potential. A special attention is given to such functions of tax administration as planning and forecasting. The author gives original definition to the category of “regional tax security”, and demarcates the notions “threats” and “risks” to the tax security. The article offers classification of the tax risks and identifies the environment within which they form. The author conducts the classification of the threats to the regional tax security and devises an original approach towards the process of making executive decisions on ensuring the regional tax security. The article presents a new logical model for ensuring regional tax security, which will contribute to the qualitative development of the tax administration as a whole. This work can open new prospects for further research.
Keywords:
classification of risks, tax potential management, ensuring tax security, tax risks, threats to tax security, tax potential, regional tax security, planning and forecasting, goal tree, tax administration
Reference:
Kuznetsova E.I..
Development of the tools for ensuring the economic security of an enterprise
// National Security.
2015. № 1.
P. 101-107.
DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2015.1.66140 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=66140
Abstract:
The subject of this research is determination of approaches towards development of tools for managing the economic security of an enterprise. The object of the research is the economic relations focused on the preservation of property complex, which are currently focused on the management of the business as a whole. The author gives a thorough examination to the nature of the distinctive features of economic security management offered on the basis of identification of such management types as the efficiency and competitiveness management, risk management and crisis management. A special attention is given to the need for a systematic approach. Methodology for the development of tools to ensure economic security includes sequencing methods and mechanisms to ensure stable operation of the business entity and its survival in the specific conditions of conducting financial and economic activities. The novelty of the research lies in justifying the classification means and measures to ensure economic security on the basis of their grouping and presentation in the form of a cybernetic model of the enterprise "input-process-output". Classification criterion will be the goal, achieving which, will require the use of various tools: means and methods to ensure the supply of resources, and the improvements to the efficiency of their use or minimization of their losses.
Keywords:
efficiency, competitiveness, risk management, business entity, enterprise, system of management, economic security, tools, crisis management, ensure
Reference:
Ovcharov A.O..
Economic security of the tourism industry: posing a question and the system of indicators
// National Security.
2015. № 1.
P. 108-115.
DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2015.1.66141 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=66141
Abstract:
The subject of the research is the aspects of determining the threats to economic security in the area of tourism. The author attempts to develop a way to assess the threats to economic security of the tourism industry at the macro and micro levels. Macroeconomic level is represented by a system of indicators, which have a high elasticity in relation to the macroeconomic situation in the tourism sector and are interrelated. Special attention is given to the calculation of indicators of economic security of the tourism industry of Russia and their threshold values. For the analysis of microeconomic indicators the author proposes an approach based on the definition of the list of threats to the personal security and possible ways of evaluating them. As a result, the author has developed a system of indicators of tourism security based not on the statistics, but on the expert assessments of the nature and scope of threats to a safe recreation. The article demonstrates that the multiplier effect of tourism is associated not only with a number of economic and socio-cultural benefits, but with an entire system of threats and dangers arising from external and internal negative factors. The article also presents the mechanism of the multiplier of the tourism industry threats, as well as the system of indicators of economic security of tourism, which includes 9 macroeconomic indicators. The author shows how to calculate these indicators and identifies the critical values, and makes a conclusion about unstable operation of the tourism sector of the economy of Russia based on the carried out calculation. In modern terms this problem poses a threat to national security. The special contribution of the author in the study is that a list of threats for individual tourist trips is presented. It is proved that in contrast to macroeconomic indicators of economic security of micro-level indicators should be formed on the basis of the opinion polls. The author proposes a system of indicators consisting of three blocks: organizational and economic, political and socio-cultural, and natural threats to the safety of tourist trips.
Keywords:
devaluation, crises, threats, multiplicative effect, tourist industry, economic security, system of indicators, thresholds, statistical analysis, tourist trips
Reference:
Pustovoytenko S.I..
Creating a model of a safe
tourism product (on the example of Germany)
// National Security.
2014. № 5.
P. 773-790.
DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2014.5.65584 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=65584
Abstract:
Analysis of Germany’s development of tourism as a complex and integral system, allows
addressing the issue of designing a version of national model of a quality (safe) and competitive
tourism product. From the beginning of the 1920’s, tourism in West Germany and other Germanspeaking
countries has been viewed by researchers as a complex and integral system, in which the
correlation of all its components results in the ability to offer the consumer a safe and high-quality
tourism product. At the foundation of the tourism product of Germany, Switzerland, Austria and
other German-speaking countries lies in the consistency and interdisciplinarity of tourism research.
The methodological basis of this research is the systemic approach and comparative analysis; it offers
comparative analysis of the conceptual and terminological construct of the problem. The article
presents: analysis of the model of a tourism product (on the example of a travel and tourism company
TUI AG); comparative analysis of conceptual and terminological construct of the problem; proposal
of a version of a model of forming a quality (safe) tourism product within travel region; offers the key
components of a safe tourism product. The field for implementation of the results of the research is
the theory and practice of developing national tourism. The relevance is presented in the possibility
of using the positive experience of a systematic development of tourism in West Germany, and applying
it in our own tourism by forming upon this foundation a quality (safe) national tourism product.
Keywords:
Tourism system, tourism model, safe tourism product, risk management, crisis management, travel offer, risk analysis, causes of crises, travel product, model of a tourism product.
Reference:
Skrynchenko, B.L., Moroz, V.D., Gribakina, N.A..
Military economic analysis, its types and main stages.
// National Security.
2014. № 4.
P. 553-559.
DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2014.4.65412 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=65412
Abstract:
The object of studies involves measures, which are aimed at guaranteeing operational efficiency of the armed
forces, and which are implemented within the structural units of the Armed Forces and enterprises in the defense industry. A
measure is any goal-oriented activity within the framework of economic relations in the process of production, distribution,
exchange and consumption of military products. The object of studies involves specific economic relations regarding the most
efficient ways for the use of material, labor and financial resources in order to achieve the goals set for the Armed Forces.
The methodology of studies involves substantiation of the measures in order to guarantee the operational efficiency of the
armed forces taking into account the costs of holding them and results achieved (effect). The article concerns the problems
of using military economic analysis at the current stage of formation of the Armed Forces of Russia. The authors present
the main stages of analysis, establishing the main directions for the use of military economic analysis in order to make the
use of the economic resources of the Armed Forces more efficient. The authors propose the ways for the improvement of
use of means in the process of military training, exploitation and repairs of arms and military machinery.
Keywords:
military economic analysis, economic evaluation, means for improvement, exploitation and repairs, problem of efficiency improvement, arms, military machinery, efficiency, goals of military economic analysis, economy of the armed forces, efficiency markers.
Reference:
Bartashevich, S.V..
Efficiency of judicial doctrines on counteractions against tax evasion as a criterion for the evaluation of the
economic security of Russia.
// National Security.
2014. № 4.
P. 560-573.
DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2014.4.65413 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=65413
Abstract:
The article concerns the problems regarding application of the judicial doctrines on counteractions against
the tax evasion, which are formed in the practice of tax dispute resolution regarding the tax optimization means used by the taxpayers. The author defines place and role of judicial doctrinal norm-making as a methodological instrument
for guaranteeing economic security of the state and having special value in the absence of due legislative regulation
in this sphere in combination with the large-scale spread of tax evasion and its deep penetration into the economic
relations. The author provides critical analysis of the most popular judicial doctrines in the Russian practice, evaluating
their efficiency from the standpoints of their application on one hand in order to protect the economic interests of the
state from the abuse by the fiscally obliged persons, and on the other hand in order to form unburdening conditions
for the good faith implementation of the tax obligations, guaranteeing a fair balance of public and private economic
interests. The author draws a conclusion that the provisions of currently used doctrines involve systemic contradictions,
and they often contradict each other, both by their internal structures and grounds for their application, the are
more or less unspecific and abstract, or they have very narrow sphere of implementation. Finally, the author provides
provisions allowing for the harmonization of the practice of doctrinal lawmaking in the tax sphere.
Keywords:
tax, judicial doctrine, avoiding taxation, economic security, state, taxpayer, good faith, tax profit, business goal, arbitration practice.
Reference:
Andreev A.P., Latov, Y.V., Idrisov, R.F..
Economic aspects of terrorist activities.
// National Security.
2014. № 3.
P. 415-424.
DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2014.3.65065 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=65065
Abstract:
The article is devoted to the economic aspects of terroristic activity, since its escalation poses a growing
threat to the security of most of the states in the world, causing huge economic, social, political and moral costs.
Using vast amounts of Russian and foreign materials, the authors provide detailed analysis of economic losses from
the acts of terrorism and counter-terrorist measures caused by them in specific states and branches of economy. The
authors evaluate the issues of anti-terrorism activities and their optimization, as well as the insurance systems and
compensation of damages, caused by the acts of terrorism. The study is based upon a complex method, involving
the methods of categorical, empiric, subject-object, problem-chronological, comparative, structural-functional and
statistical analysis. The scientific novelty is due to the social and economic substantiation of the comprehensive
concept for fighting modern terrorism with due recognition of its modification and specifics of its manifestations
due to the modern economic globalization processes, as well as due to the development of recommendations for
making fight against terrorism more efficient and for lowering its economic, social, political, ethnic-cultural and
moral costs.
Keywords:
terrorism, terrorist act, economics, losses, crisis, efficiency, compensation of damage, compensation of harm, insurance, security.
Reference:
Agafonov, I.A..
Centralization of the management system in the enterprises for drilling exploratory and oil-and-gas holes.
// National Security.
2014. № 3.
P. 425-431.
DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2014.3.65066 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=65066
Abstract:
The article provides for the specific features of oil and gas enterprises, which were formed by uniting production
capacities in the post-Soviet territory, as well as potential benefits from centralized enterprise management
and the criteria for evaluation of personnel workload. The author provides an example of the method of optimization
for the similar divisions in filial enterprises of a large oil-and-gas companies, taking into account potential effect of
the annual economy in labor costs. The author then gives recommendations regarding application of this method.
The matter involves combination of enterprises, which is based upon tying several basic elements in different forms.
The article involves evaluation by the author of the method for objective personnel workload based upon the example
of the accounting and reporting department, as well as the enterprise as a whole. The author formulates a number
of conclusions: 1. Today some the oil-and-gas enterprises in the post-Soviet territory, which were formed by uniting
the production capabilities, fail to pay due attention to economic and efficient management system. 2. Taking into
account the long-term perspectives for the development of oil-and-gas industry lack of economic and efficient management
structures makes an enterprise less attractive for investments, raises the costs, complicated the process of
production modernization, makes the enterprise system less flexible. 3. The offered method of objective evaluation of
personnel workload is universal and it allows to take into account all of the factor having influence upon the everyday work of the personnel. 4. The author provides recommendations as to the key directions for the centralization of the
enterprise administration functions.
Keywords:
economics, strategic management, management centralization, personnel optimization, salary fund, oil and gas industry, business processes, restructuring, optimization, personnel.
Reference:
Goy, V.V..
Formation of a specialized institutional
system for managing the insolvency
of economic subjects in Ukraine.
// National Security.
2013. № 6.
P. 122-133.
DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2013.6.63878 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=63878
Abstract:
The article concerns the existing situation
in the institutional system of management of
insolvency of economic subjects of Ukraine. The
author analyzes the legislative and methodological
problems, analyzes the experience of formation
and development of an institutional management
system in the insolvency sphere from the moment
when the institution of bankruptcy was formed in
Ukraine. Based upon the analysis from the global
experience, the author clarifies the approach towards
the development of institutional support of the state
functions in the sphere of insolvency, which would
have due regard for the situation in the state. It is
established that the choice of model depends on the
goal to form the necessary institutional conditions
for the efficient performance of regulating functions
by the state. It is also noted that there is need to
revise the functions of the Bankruptcy Department,
which serves as a special agency in this sphere.
The analysis of specialized institutional systems
in different states also allows to point out the
approaches, which may be used in Ukraine for
the development of its own institutional system
aimed against unlawful (purposeful and fictitious)
bankruptcies in the national economy.
Keywords:
global experience, institution of bankruptcy, insolvency, unlawful bankruptcy, enter prise ban k r uptcy, insolvency, state regulation, institutional system, market economy, anti-crisis management
Reference:
Primakov, P.V., Kudryavtsev, S.V..
Modern condition of the space launching
market and perspectives of its development.
// National Security.
2013. № 5.
P. 173-181.
DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2013.5.63357 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=63357
Abstract:
The article is devoted to the analysis of
the situation in the space launching market and
the possibility to involve the private investment funds for the development of a promising sector
of space tourism. It is noted by the author
that it shall facilitate development of tourism
in general and partial revival of the space
sector of economy. The author provide that the
existing analogous space tourism services may
be applied in the Russian space spheres. The
author also states that it is possible that after a
number of failures of the Scientific Production
Center named after Khrunichev, which has
been the main producer of the heavy spacelaunch
vehicles till recently, the Rocket and
Space Corporation “Energia” may return to this
market. The author also supposes that provided
that the tendency for the limited financing of
the Russian space complex remains, the funds
from commercial launchings shall allow to
preserve the current potential and to develop new
projects. All of the above in general allows to
meet various demands of the market and forms
the basis for the preservation of leading positions
of Russia in the space launching market.
Keywords:
national security, space, space tourism, investments into space sphere, spying complexes, tracing objects, RSC “Energia”, information domination, geo-politics, RSC “Proton”.
Reference:
Ozhogin, V.B..
State regulation of the institutional
investment environment.
// National Security.
2013. № 5.
P. 156-172.
DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2013.5.63364 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=63364
Abstract:
The article is devoted to the analysis of
the role of state in the formation of institutional
mechanisms within investment policy. It is pointed
out in the article, that the state being a foremost
important political institution, established the
norms and rules for the economic activity subjects.
The author also analyzes forms and directions
of state influence, and it is noted that investment
management is implemented by the state via
various legal and normative acts, defining and
regulating various parts of this type of activity. It
is noted in the article that the state interference into
the investment process is necessary to overcome
the unfavorable tendencies, lack of attractiveness to
investors in some regions and economic branches,
passive behavior of economic subjects in the sphere
of investment activities. The article includes a
definition of the investment policy of the state,
including the purposive actions of the state in order
to guarantee beneficial conditions for investment,
efficient use of investment potential of the state, in
order to raise the economic level and to deal with
the issues of social and economic development.
Keywords:
institutional sphere, investments, state, state control, investment policy, direct foreign investments, economic security, state regulation, administrative methods, mechanism for investment regulation.
Reference:
Molodtsov, V.G..
Managing the working force quality in the
sphere of health care as a component to
the living standard of the population of the
Russian Federation.
// National Security.
2013. № 5.
P. 182-191.
DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2013.5.63365 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=63365
Abstract:
The article concerns the correlation
of the living standard as a national security
category, quality of foodstuffs and healthcare or
health. It is pointed out that due to dependency
of health of the population upon the quality of
foodstuffs, the category of “health” is related
to the foodstuffs security. It is also noted that
the quality health care presupposes quality of
medical aid, which cannot be achieved without
the quality of working force, that is why the author studies the quality markers of working
force in the sphere of healthcare. It is noted
in the article that the main goal in the sphere
of managing working force in the sphere of
healthcare is to form an efficient model for the
improvement of healthcare quality (medical
services) and the measures for its further
improvement.
Keywords:
health, health care, living standard, national security, working force, quality management, working potential, competition capability, human capital, qualification of the personnel.
Reference:
Vasiliev, I.V., Karpov, V.A..
Deoffshorization – the strategy for the economic
repatriation of investment flow
to the Russian Federation
// National Security.
2013. № 4.
P. 629-635.
DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2013.4.63062 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=63062
Abstract:
The article contains analysis of the current situation regarding the use of offshore companies
in order to avoid taxation and movement of the taxation center from the Russian Federation to the states
with beneficial taxation. The article ref lects upon the measures taken in legal and tax practice of foreign
states against abuse of offshore by physical persons and legal entities in order to minimize taxation.
The authors make a number of propositions on economic measures, which should facilitate transfer of
taxpayers into the sphere of legal business and due payment of taxes. As the practice shows, the key
factors in support of the use of offshore companies within foreign jurisdictions include physical accessibility
and convenience of jurisdiction, minimal requirements (absence of such requirements) towards
disclosure of information on beneficiaries of the companies, simplified accounting, free access to cheap
credit resources through the stock circulation in the foreign markets, as well as meticulous protection
of banking and audit secret. However, at the top of the list is so-called ‘comfortable” taxation, which
means absence of taxes on profits from the activities of foreign resident companies. Among the economic
measures aimed to facilitate the transfer of bad-faith participants of foreign economic activity into the
sphere of legal business and tax payment, it is necessary to establish the mechanisms of taxation of income of controlled foreign companies in the Russian Federation; to introduce the “offshore” tax and
to create the mechanism for divulging the information about Russian beneficiary owners for the tax
and customs bodies; legislative provisions for the term “ offshore zone”. Finally, the complex of such
economic measures shall guarantee the f low of capitals from the offshore to the Russian Federation, it
shall support the balance of payment and Russian currency.
Keywords:
deoffshorization, the Russian Federation, taxation, avoiding, companies, offshore, legalization, business, jurisdiction, reporting.
Reference:
Bazhenov, A.A., Polyakova, N.N..
Bad-faith formation of the profit indicators
in accounting (financial) reporting of organizations
// National Security.
2013. № 4.
P. 636-642.
DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2013.4.63063 URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=63063
Abstract:
The article shows that the transfer to the market economy required a serious reconstruction
of the methods for reporting financial results and formation of a novel approach to the accounting of
sources of financing of organization spending. As a result of analysis of the current legislation, it is
established that the use of income in the organization for the consumption, except for dividend payments,
by lowering the passive sub-accounts on Account 84 “Reserve profit (unrecovered loss)”, including
assets reporting, is not supported by current legislation. The authors also prove that due to referring
spending to Account 84, the general sum of spending is lowered and the sum of general financial result
is groundlessly heightened. It results in groundless awards to the executive body of a unitary enterprise
based on the results of the accounting year, harming the owner (the state). Also other users of accounting
(financial) reports are misled as to the efficiency of the financial and economic activities of the state.
Keywords:
spending, account, reserve profit, reporting, calculation, method, reflecting, owner, loss, opinion.
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