Frumina, S. V., Zhuravleva, T. A. Experience of Foreign States in Funding Scientific Research and Development

Abstract: The subject under research is the innovation activity of foreign states. The focus is made on the experience of foreign states in financial incitement of research and development including incitement of research and development by the means of taxation mechanisms. The analysis of application of tax incentives is carried out particularly for developed countries and developing countries. Particular attention is paid to the experience of the USA as a leader in the development of innovation activity. The USA experience demonstrates positive tendencies in innovation incitement and can be successfully implemented in the Russian economy. The research methodology includes the comparative analysis and logical interpretation of analysis data in a form of generalizations. The main results of the research are the following: description of peculiarities of the innovation activity funding in foreign states; conclusion that tax incentives of scientific research and development have their own peculiarities that do not depend on the level of the development of innovation-based economy; the authors show that each country implements their own set of rebates and preferences and the combination of the rebates and preferences used depends both on goals and targets of the incitement and a great number of factors and limitations.

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