A. A. Il’yukhov “The Lord of the World Will  Be Labor”. The Theory and  Practice of Labor Organization  in the Soviet Government during  the First Decade of Soviet Power

Abstract: On the basis of the classical Marxist-Lenininst works, the article examines the problems in the establishment of a new socialist-type labor in Russia in the post-Revolution period (1918–1928). The author names the main characteristics of the labor that the Bolsheviks tried to create according to the Marxists directives: universality, freedom from exploitation, planning, creative sense, social orientation, new principles of labor discipline, etc. Particular attention is paid to the main stages of the government’s policy in the sphere of labor, and also to the circumstances that influenced the formation process of the new type of labor in the period between 1918 and 1928. The article gives an objective analysis of the successes and failures of the Soviet power in the creation of “the socialist labor”. The author comes to the conclusion that the Marxist principles pertaining to the creation (formation) of a new type of labor in Russia (USSR) could not be achieved in the given period. The policy of the Soviet power towards labor was inconsistent and contradictory. The practical situation did not permit the creation of the new “free” type of labor, which required a long period for its establishment. The economic situation of the country and social factors were natural hindrances in the realization of the theoretical directives of the Socialist Revolution’s leaders.

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