Translate this page:
Please select your language to translate the article


You can just close the window to don't translate
Library
Your profile

Back to contents

Philosophy and Culture
Reference:

Ryabushkina, T. M. Self-Reflection of the Knower

Abstract: A classical concept about self-knowledge as the ‘appeal of the knower to himself’ (reflection) faces a difficulty: in order to make it possible for one to understand himself by the means of reflection, it is necessary for him to have the basic knowledge about his own structures (such as temporality and intentionality) allowing to state that it is him who is being the object of reflection. Spontaneous features of the knower create the grounds for credibility of facts discovered during the process of reflection. As a result, a gap between the knower and the other world can be created. The author of the article shows that critics of the Cartesian paradigm, caused by the above difficulties, is limited to subject-object relations and does not touch upon reflection as the process requiring certain knowledge about ourselves. As a result, concepts that do not take into account the role of the knower are dependent on reflective structures and certain difficulties caused by these structures. In order to overcome these difficulties we need to deny the supposition about initial equivalence of the knower and the object of self-knowledge.


Keywords:

philosophy, subject, reflection, consciousness, self-consciousness, knowledge, intentionality, phenomenology, temporality, self-objectivation.


This article can be downloaded freely in PDF format for reading. Download article


References
1. Avtonomova N.S. Kontseptsiya soznaniya v strukturalizme // Problema soznaniya v sovremennoy za-padnoy filosofii. M., 1998.
2. Avtonomova N.S. Mishel' Fuko i ego kniga «Slova i veshchi» // Fuko M. Slova i veshchi. Arkheologiya gumanitarnykh nauk. SPb., 1994.
3. Asmus V.F. Immanuil Kant. M., 1973.
4. Garntsev M.A. Problema samosoznaniya v zapadnoevropeyskoy filosofii. M., 1987.
5. Gusserl' E. Idei k chistoy fenomenologii i fenomenologicheskoy filosofii. Kniga I. M., 2009.
6. Gusserl' E. Sobranie sochineniy. T. 3 (1). Logicheskie issledovaniya. T. II (1). M., 2001.
7. Ingarden R. Vvedenie v fenomenologiyu Edmunda Gusserlya. M., 1999.
8. Kant I. Kakie deystvitel'nye uspekhi sdelala metafizika v Germanii so vremeni Leybnitsa i Vol'fa? // Kant I. Sochineniya v shesti tomakh. T. 6. M., 1966.
9. Kant I. Kritika chistogo razuma // Kant I. Sochineniya: v 6-ti t. T. 3. M., 1964.
10. Kassirer E. Zhizn' i uchenie Kanta. SPb., 1997.
11. Landgrebe L. Intentsional'nost' u Gusserlya i Brentano // Logos. 2002. ¹ 2 (33).
12. Levinas E. Total'nost' i Beskonechnoe // Levinas E. Izbrannoe. Total'nost' i beskonechnoe. M.-SPb., 2000.
13. Molchanov V.I. Vremya i soznanie. Kritika fenomenologicheskoy filosofii. M., 1998.
14. Porus V.N. Sub'ekt i kul'tura // Stranitsy: bogoslovie, kul'tura, obrazovanie. 2009. Tom 13. Vy-pusk 2.
15. Razeev D. N. V setyakh fenomenologii. SPb., 2004.
16. Raynakh A. O fenomenologii // Logos. 1999. ¹ 1.
17. Ryabushkina T.M. Otkaz ot filosofii sub'ekta: smena paradigmy ili ee samoopravdanie? // Filo-sofskie nauki. 2009. ¹ 10.
18. Sartr Zh.P. Transtsendentnost' Ego // Logos. 2003. ¹ 2 (37).
19. Tevzadze G. Immanuil Kant. Problemy teoreticheskoy filosofii. Tbilisi, 1979.
20. Khabermas Yu. Filosofskiy diskurs o moderne. M., 2003.
21. Yulina N.S. Deniel Dennet: kontseptsiya soznaniya i lichnostnogo // Istoriya filosofii. Vypusk 5. M.: IF RAN, 2000.
22. Dennett D. Consciousness Explained. Boston, 1991.
23. Dennett D. Darwin’s Dangerous Idea. Evolution and the Meaning of Life. L., 1995.
24. Foucault M.F. Nietzsche, die Genealogie, die Historie // Foucault M. Die Ordnung der Diskurse. München, 1974.
25. Kolers P.A. Aspects of Motion Perception. Oxford, 1972