Ispravnikova, N.R., Romanov, D.N. Perspectives of modernization of the basic institutions of the social sphere.

Abstract: The key reason for the crisis in the social sphere is lack of complex reform programs (as in the spheres of science and culture), or their ineffi ciency (in the spheres of health, education, housing and public utilities). The fi rst matter is quite obvious, while the second is a subject to topical discussion. While both of them are interrelated, they need to be viewed separately. The problems of shortage of budgeting and lack of fi nancing of the social sphere are based on the institutional structure of the “real” sector and its effi ciency. As for the problems regarding reforms of the social sphere, their effi ciency depends on understanding of the specifi c features of social and economic institutions in this sphere. The principal difference of institutions in these two spheres calls for different approaches to their reforms.

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