New information about the genealogy of the family of the architect V. I. Bazhenov

Bezverkhy Dimitry Valeryevich Student, Department of German Language and Translation, Moscow State Linguistic University 119034, Russia, Moscow, Ostozhenka str., 38, 1 mitya.bezverhy@yandex.ru Other publications by this author

Introduction

Until recently, the genealogy of the family of the great Russian architect Vasily Ivanovich Bazhenov (1738-1799), an outstanding architect and painter of the Classical era, was little studied, full of inaccuracies and false ideas. A few fragmentary and not always accurate information about the children and grandchildren of the architect was presented mainly in the works of Yu. Ya. Gerchuk (1926-2014) and E. I. Ilizarova (1924-2011). However, the exact dates of the architect's family and their resting places were still not known, for example, and a complete work that would contain systematic information on this topic has not yet been written.

The author of this study studied metric books, confessional murals, archival files of a judicial nature and many other archival documents in the Central State Administration of Moscow, RGVIA, RGIA, TsGIA of St. Petersburg, GANO (Arzamas), TSANO (Nizhny Novgorod), GATO (Tula) and the Central State Administration of the Republic of Mordovia (Saransk), where he he discovered a lot of new and previously unpublished information about the children of Vasily Bazhenov and his wife Agrafena Lukinichna (1745-1817): Konstantin (1771-1826), Vladimir (1772-1820), Olga (1773-no earlier than 1825), Vsevolod (1774-1843), Warrior 1st (1776-1779), Nadezhda (1778-1857), Warrior 2nd (1779-1784), Mstislav (1782-1783), Vera (1784-no earlier than 1834) and Warrior 3rd (1785). In addition, the author examined the Bazhenov burial sites in the Nizhny Novgorod region and the Republic of Mordovia for the preservation of burials, tombstones, which is also important for necropolistics.

The relevance and novelty of the research lies in the publication and systematization of many previously unknown information from the family history of architect V. I. Bazhenov, which significantly expands the idea of an outstanding architect. In the study, among other things, three previously unknown sons of the architect who died at an early age are presented for the first time: Warrior 1, Mstislav and Warrior 3.

In the article, all dates are given in the old style. Information about the architect's children is arranged in chronological order of their birth.

Places of residence of the Bazhenovs

Before we begin to present information about the children of architect V. I. Bazhenov, it is important to mention in which church parishes the architect's family lived. It was for these parishes that the author studied the metrical books and confessional murals and found records of the death, birth and marriages of the Bazhenovs and information about their age. As for Moscow, in 1768-1773 the Bazhenovs lived in a Funny Palace in the Kremlin (there was an Expedition of the Kremlin building with a drawing room and apartment of V. I. Bazhenov), in 1773-1777 – in their own house on the Sofia Embankment in the aisle of the Church of Sophia Wisdom of God in the Middle Gardeners, in 1777-1780 – in their own house in the parish church St. Nicholas the Wonderworker in Vorobin (demolished in Soviet times), and in 1780-1792. The Bazhenovs again lived in their own house in the parish of the Church of Sofia. By the way, it can be seen from the confessional murals that the Bazhenovs had up to 30 ministers, as evidenced by the murals of 1786 ^[4].

In February 1777, the metrical book of the Church of Sofia V. I. Bazhenov also mentions: "In the house of the architect Vasily Ivanovich, his servant Stepan Ivanov had a daughter Evdokia" ^[5]. After that, there is no mention of the Bazhenovs until October 1780 in the metrics of the Church of Sofia. In the same 1777, in the metric book of the Church of Nicholas in Vorobin, there were already records of weddings of the architect's servants ^[6]. Having sold the Nikolo-Vorobinsky house, the Bazhenovs re-settled in the Middle Gardeners in October 1780. The author studied metric books and confessional paintings by Bazhenov for the Moscow period in the funds of 203 and 2121 of the Central State Administration of Moscow. In 1792, V. I. Bazhenov moved with his family to St. Petersburg.

It is not known for certain where the architect lived with his family in St. Petersburg in 1792-1799. The search for confessional paintings of St. Petersburg church parishes was not successful (TSGIA SPb. F. 19. Op. 112). However, during the study it was found that after the death of the architect on August 2, 1799, his wife and daughters lived mainly in the parish of the St. Nicholas-Epiphany Naval Cathedral. All three daughters of V. I. Bazhenov were married in this cathedral, and Agrafena Lukinichna was buried in it. She died on February 20, 1817 and was buried at the Smolensk Orthodox Cemetery. Her tombstone with an epitaph, located on the site of the Academy of Arts near the cemetery church, was destroyed in Soviet times, and the burial itself is now lost ^{[1, p. 36]}. By the way, in some archival documents Agrafena was called Agrippina.

On December 4, 1796, Emperor Paul I granted architect V. I. Bazhenov "eternal and hereditary possession" of 1,000 souls and 15,000 dessiatines of land in the village of Nikolsky, Kardavil, as well as in the village of Ponetaevka and the village of Korine of the Arzamas district of the Nizhny Novgorod province ^[7]. It is these estates that the architect's sons have chosen as their permanent residence since the beginning of the XIX century. The family of Konstantin Bazhenov lived in the village of Korin in the parish of the village of Hirin, Vladimir – in the village of Ponetaevka, Vsevolod – in the village of Kardavil. In GANO (Arzamas), the author studied the metrical books of the Church of the Intercession of S. Kardavil (F. 111), the Vladimir Church of S. Ponetaevka (F. 67) and the Church of St. John the Baptist of S. Hirin (F. 98), as well as churches of Arzamas, in which he also found new information about the Bazhenov genealogy. The above-mentioned settlements are now located on the territory of the Shatkovsky district of the Nizhny Novgorod region.

In the Glazovo estate of architect V. I. Bazhenov near Kashira, where the architect was reburied from the St. Petersburg Smolensk cemetery in 1799, and in other Bazhenov estates in Kashirsky district of Tula province, the architect's children did not live. Only occasionally they visited Glazovo to visit their father's grave. As the author has established, the memorial to V. I. Bazhenov at the cemetery of the former S. Glazov, arranged in 1996 on the initiative of E. I. Ilizarova, does not mark the burial of the architect, but is a cenotaph, that is, a symbolic grave ^{[1, pp. 33-36]}.

Konstantin Bazhenov (1771-1826)

So, the architect's eldest son, Konstantin Bazhenov, was born in 1771. The metric record of his birth has not yet been found, but the year of Konstantin's birth was established by confessional paintings (annual lists of parishioners of the church who were in confession and communion, indicating their age) and the metric record of his death (it always indicated the age deceased). In the confessional painting of the Church of Sofia in the Middle Gardeners for 1775, the following information is given about the age of the architect's children: Konstantin – 4 years, Vladimir – 3 years, Olga – 2 years, Vsevolod – 1 year ^[8].

Konstantin rose to the rank of Major General and cavalier during his service at the Admiralty Board in St. Petersburg. The author found his formulary list (published for the first time): "...Bazhenov joined the service from the nobility of the Life Guards in the Semenovsky Regiment as a captain of the 784th year, was made a sergeant of the 785th, dismissed to state affairs as a captain of the 791st genvar 1st, was assigned to the Vitebsk Infantry Regiment on May 793rd, 16th, was assigned to the Admiralty Board to help the forwarder with the work He was promoted to major-general on February 795th, 5th, was approved by the executor of the 796th Genvar on the 28th, was promoted to lieutenant colonel of the 797th Genvar on the 22nd, adviser to the colonel rank with determination in the Crew Department on September 797th, 28th, Major General on October 1800th, 30th, Most graciously awarded the Order of St. Anna of the 3rd class on April 1801, 15th, during the transformation of the Admiralty Board, he remained with the staff and was assigned to the Herald 805" ^[9].

Konstantin married the daughter of the boatswain Maria Lvovna Karandysheva (1782-1834), who, as it became known, was illiterate and could not even sign documents ^[10]. The first son of Konstantin and Maria, Nikolai, was born on December 4, 1801 in St. Petersburg. He was baptized in the St. Nicholas-Epiphany Maritime Cathedral ^[9]. However, Nikolai was born before their marriage, which means he was illegitimate. In 1818, he was allowed to take his father's surname and enter into all rights ^[10]. Konstantin lived with his family in the family estate of Korino. He also owned the Romanov estate in Kashirsky District, which was sold for debts after his death, in the early 1830s ^{[1, p. 39]}.  Konstantin was included in the third part of the noble genealogical books of St. Petersburg (in 1819) and Nizhny Novgorod (in 1823) provinces ^{[9, 11]}. He was included in the noble genealogy book of the Nizhny Novgorod province together with his son.

Konstantin's mother-in-law, the widow of Glikeria (Lukerya) Ivanovna Karandysheva (1747-1827) also lived on the Korino estate, she was mentioned many times in the 1810s and 1820s in the metrical books of S. Hirin in the recipients of newborn children of domestic workers and peasants. Cinnamon. In the metrical books of S. Hirin and S. Kardavil for 1812 and 1816, the author also found references to Konstantin's second son, Eleferiy, who apparently died at an early age: "the lord's son Eleferiy", "Eleferiy Konstantinov", "Mr. Major General Konstantin Vasilyevich's son Eleferiy" ^[12].

Konstantin Bazhenov died on September 3, 1826 at the age of 55 due to long-term illnesses ^[13]. Glyceria Ivanovna survived her son-in-law, having died on April 8, 1827 at the age of 80 ^[14]. As indicated in the death record, "Her Excellency" Marya Lvovna Bazhenova died on May 25, 1834 at the age of 52 from an unknown illness ^[15]. All three were buried in the church of S. Hirin and buried in his parish cemetery. On April 23, 2023, the author conducted a full-scale survey of the cemetery of the village of Hirin, during which they found that their burials were lost.

Konstantin's son, Nikolai, rose to the rank of staff captain in the Pereyaslav horse-chasseur regiment. He entered military service in 1819, and retired in 1829. In the 1830s and 1840s. Nikolai served as a police officer in the zemstvo court of Lukoyanov ^[16]. Around 1847, he married Varvara Borisovna (1805-1878, nee. Prince Golitsyn, by Akhmatova's first marriage). They left no offspring.

Nikolai Bazhenov died on December 15, 1868 in Arzamas from paralysis at the age of 67. His funeral service took place in the Holy Cross Church (demolished in Soviet times), then Nicholas was buried in the Transfiguration Monastery (ruined in Soviet times, the burial was lost) ^[17].

His wife Varvara died of dropsy on November 19, 1878 at the age of 73. Varvara was buried in the Kazan church of the village of Semenovka, Ardatov district, Simbirsk province (the church was dismantled in Soviet times). She was buried in the church fence of this village ^[18]. The inscription on her tombstone read: "Here lies the body of Varvara Borisovna Bazhanova, nee Princess Golitsyna" (according to 1909) ^[19]. On August 22, 2022, the author conducted a full-scale survey of the parish cemetery and the site of the disappeared church of the former village of Semenovka (now Chamzinsky district of the Republic of Mordovia), during which he did not find the tombstone of Varvara Borisovna, her burial was lost.

Vladimir Bazhenov (1772-1820)

Vladimir Bazhenov was born in 1772. The metric record of Vladimir's birth has not yet been found, his year of birth was established by the confessional painting of the Church of Sofia in the Middle Gardeners for 1775, information from which was given above.

It is known that Vladimir had artistic inclinations. The album of F. V. Karzhavin (RGB) contains several talented architectural sketches of Vladimir. In addition, he was an architectural assistant to his father, helping him with design work in Kronstadt in the 1790s. It is possible that the young man holding a folder with drawings on the portrait of V. I. Bazhenov in the family circle (1784/1785, collection of the A.V. Shchusev GNOME) is Vladimir Bazhenov, but it is not known for certain who exactly surrounds the architect on this canvas. Nevertheless, the second son of the architect did not follow in his father's footsteps and did not realize himself in the architectural field. He rose to Major General during his service at the Admiralty Board in St. Petersburg.

Vladimir married the daughter of a retired lieutenant Anna Khristoforovna Friedrich (1777-1843). The author found a record of the birth of the only son of Vladimir and Anna. In the metrical book of the Catherine Church in Yekaterinburg, for 1799, the illegitimate son Mstislav, adopted by Lieutenant Colonel Vladimir Bazhenov with the daughter of retired lieutenant Christopher Friedrich Anna, was born on August 16, 1799, at baptism, his successors were collegiate registrar Timofey Ananyevich Grigoriev and privileged grandmother Maria Andreevna Berkhman ^[20]. Mstislav was born 2 weeks after the death of architect V. I. Bazhenov. In 1820, the illegitimate Mstislav (born before the marriage of his parents) was allowed to take his father's surname and enter into all rights ^[21]. It was probably named in memory of the sixth son of the architect V. I. Bazhenov, who died in infancy in 1783 (we will talk about him later).

Vladimir Bazhenov lived with his family in the family estate of Ponetaevka, which was also called Vladimirovka. He also owned the estates of Glazovo and Annino Boloto in Kashirsky District, sold for debts after his death, in 1837 ^{[1, p. 40]}. Vladimir died on May 5, 1820 due to "an inflamation [inflammation] in the chest and liver" ^[22]. His son Mstislav rose to the rank of second lieutenant in the Grenadier Regiment of the Crown Prince of Prussia. He began his service in 1820 and retired at the beginning of 1824. On October 14, 1823, Mstislav was married in the church of the village of Ponetaevka with Natalia Sergeevna Yazykova (?-1847), whose mother, collegiate assessor Elizabeth Matveevna Yazykova, was the landowner of the village of Sungulov of the Ardatov district of the Nizhny Novgorod province ^[23].

The author found out that Mstislav had been treated for a certain disease for a long time, but the treatment did not help him, he became weaker and weaker and eventually died on July 22, 1824 "at noon at 9 o'clock" childless, before he reached the age of 25 ^[24]. Shortly before his death, Mstislav lived in Arzamas, his wife did not leave her dying husband for a second. Natalia never got married for the second time. She died on October 12, 1847 in Arzamas, where she had her own house ^[25]. The place of her burial has not yet been established.

Mstislav's mother, Anna Khristoforovna, died on May 29, 1843 at the age of 66 from fever ^[26]. Vladimir, Mstislav and Anna Bazhenov were buried at the church of the village of Ponetaevka (dismantled in Soviet times, the bell tower and one of the arches of the first floor of the church were preserved). On April 23, 2023, the author conducted a full-scale survey of the remains of the Vladimir Church of the village of Ponetaevka and the territory around them, during which he found that the Bazhenov burials at the church were lost. It should be noted that the construction of the Vladimir Church was started by Vladimir Bazhenov, but most of the work was already carried out by the care of Anna Khristoforovna, which is why she is mentioned in many archival sources as a temple builder or "temple builder" (as Anna was called in the record of her death). The construction was completed in 1823 . Vladimir Bazhenov was buried at the church when Anna was just starting to build it. The preserved bell tower has no relation to the Bazhenovs anymore, it was built in 1885.

Olga Bazhenova, married Gette (1773-not earlier than 1825)

Olga Bazhenova was born on November 23, 1773 in Moscow. Her baptism took place in the Church of Sofia in the Middle Gardeners ^[27]. Olga's successors were Nikolai and Alexandra Babkin, the children of merchant Semyon Grigoryevich Babkin, the owner of a cloth factory in Moscow. Babkin's wife was Natalia Lukinichna Dolgova, the sister of the wife of the architect V. I. Bazhenov.

On July 14, 1801, Olga Bazhenova married Lieutenant Colonel Karl Ivanovich Goette of the Lutheran faith (1771-1808) in the St. Nicholas-Epiphany Naval Cathedral, who later rose to colonel ^[28]. Gette came from the Livonian nobles of the city of Narva. He served for more than 24 years, participated in campaigns and battles. Due to illness in 1804, he was transferred from the Polotsk Musketeer regiment to the Moscow garrison regiment. On December 13, 1808, Olga Vasilyevna's husband died while on duty ^[29]. The Gette couple left no offspring.

Olga Goette lived in St. Petersburg, died no earlier than 1825. In 1825, she applied to the Academy of Arts with a request to send to the Inspection Department a form list of her father, who, according to her, had served for more than 45 years. However, there was no formal list of V. I. Bazhenov due to his short service in the rank of vice-president at the Academy. As Olga wrote in this request, she was "in the most distressing situation", apparently because of the difficult financial situation, debts that her late husband left her ^[30]. Olga's brothers were also in a difficult situation due to multiple debts, so she could not rely on them. Further archival references to the eldest daughter of architect V. I. Bazhenov have not yet been found. Perhaps in the mid-1820s, under the weight of life circumstances, she could have died. In addition, in the archival files of a judicial nature on the Bazhenov family of the late 1820s and 1830s, which were studied during the study, Olga's name does not appear, although her sisters are mentioned in them. 

Vsevolod Bazhenov (1774-1843)

Vsevolod Bazhenov was born on December 2, 1774 in Moscow. His baptism took place in the Church of Sofia in the Middle Gardeners ^[31]. He was enlisted in the Semenovsky Regiment ^[32]. He rose to the rank of colonel during his service at the Admiralty Board in St. Petersburg. On February 7, 1813, in St. Andrew's Cathedral on Vasilievsky Island, Vsevolod married the wife of the deceased titular adviser Nikolai Melnikov, widow Maria Fedorovna (ca. 1780-1843). The groom was married with the first marriage, and the bride with the second ^[33].

In the confessional painting of S. Kardavil for 1816, it is indicated that Maria Feodorovna is 36 years old, therefore she was born around 1780 ^[34]. It is important to mention that Mary was a Lutheran. On March 5, 1832, in the church of the village of Ponetaevka, the rite of chrismation was performed over her, thereby she converted to Orthodoxy ^[35]. Vsevolod and Maria had 5 children: Vasily (1803-1846), Apollo (1806-1829), Agrafena (1809-no earlier than 1857), Vsevolod (1810-no earlier than 1829), Luke (1814-1844). The family lived in the family estate of Cardaville. Vsevolod also owned the estates of Naumovskoye and Panovo in Kashirsky District, which he lost for debts in the early 1830s ^{[1, p. 39]}.

It is worth noting that Vasily, Apollo, Agrafena and Vsevolod were born before Vsevolod's marriage with Maria Fedorovna, which means they were illegitimate. The only legitimate child was Luka. The illegitimate children of Vsevolod were allowed to take their father's surname and enter into all rights in 1821 ^[36]. It is noteworthy that almost all the children born to the sons of architect V. I. Bazhenov were illegitimate. In 1827 Vsevolod, along with his sons, was included in the third part of the noble genealogy book of the Nizhny Novgorod province ^[37].

Colonel Vsevolod Bazhenov died on February 8, 1843 at the age of 69, as indicated in the death record "died of natural death in old age." He was buried in the church of the village of Kardavil, then he was buried in the High Mountain desert in Arzamas (liquidated and ruined in Soviet times, now an educational colony is located in it, the burial of Vsevolod is lost) ^[38]. His wife Maria Feodorovna died in the autumn of the same year ^[39]. The place of her burial has not yet been found.

Let's move on to Vsevolod's children. Records of their birth (except Luke) have not been found (including in the metrical books of the village of Cardaville, where they lived). The approximate years of their birth were determined by the confessional paintings of this village and by one of the petitions of their father in 1826, in which he reported that Vasily was 23 years old, Apollo was 20 years old, Vsevolod was 16 years old ^[40]. Agrafena was already 17 years old at that time, in 1816 she was 7 years old ^[34]. All the sons were enrolled in a Noble regiment ^[41].

In 1825, Apollon Vsevolodovich graduated from a Noble regiment into the cavalry. Then he rose to the rank of cornet in the Pavlograd Hussar Regiment and retired. Apollo died on July 13, 1829 ^[42]. The place of his burial has not yet been laid out.

Vsevolod Vsevolodovich died no earlier than 1829 . It is known that in 1829 he graduated from a Noble regiment into the infantry. No further mention of him has yet been found. Most likely, he died at a young age.

Luka Vsevolodovich was born on October 28, 1814 in the village of Kardavil. The recipients at Luke's baptism were his brothers Apollo, Vasily, sister Agrafena, General Agrafena Lukinichna Bazhenova and collegiate assessor Anton Ivanovich Ivanov, who was a friend of the Bazhenov family ^[43], serving at the court of His Imperial Majesty the Dowager Empress Maria Feodorovna. The presence of Agrafena Lukinichna among the recipients proves that she visited the Arzamas estates of her sons, the author did not find any confirmation of this before. It is obvious that Luka was named after Agrafena's father, merchant and titular adviser Luka Ivanovich Dolgov (1722-1783). In 1833, Luka Bazhenov graduated from the Noble Regiment. Due to illness, he was unfit for military service, so he was assigned to state affairs for graduation. But even in the sciences, Luke had little success, so he was appointed to graduate only as a clerk ^[44]. On January 15, 1841, Luka was married in the church of the village of Kardavil with the widow ensign Xenia (also referred to as Aksinya in some archival sources) Artemievna Konstantinova (ca. 1819-no earlier than 1876) ^[45]. Ksenia was getting married for the second time. Luka died childless on March 28, 1844 and was buried in the cemetery of the village of Hirin ^[46]. On April 23, 2023, the author conducted a full-scale survey of the cemetery of S. Hirin, during which he found that the burial of Luka Bazhenov was lost.

 In the record of the death of the "landowner of the village of Korina nobleman" Luka Bazhenov, it was indicated that he died of a cold. However, the author found out that his wife Ksenia was suspected of poisoning her husband, but apparently the suspicions were not confirmed ^[47]. In 1876, at the request of Xenia, she was attached to the Bazhenov family name in the noble genealogy book of the Nizhny Novgorod province ^[48]. Ksenia lived in Nizhny Novgorod, where she once owned a stone house.

Agrafena Vsevolodovna on April 30 , 1828 in the Smolensk church of S. A visiting settlement near Arzamas was married without the blessing of her parents to a freed domestic Sergei Fedorovich Kudashkin (circa 1804-not earlier than 1857). Kudashkin was a domestic of Konstantin Bazhenov, after the death of his landowner, he was released and subsequently moved to philistinism. Agrafena's father tried to dissolve this marriage.

 Vsevolod believed that while he and his wife were away in St. Petersburg, Kudashkin managed to seduce and seduce his daughter, kidnapped her, and bribed a priest to marry ^[49]. However, Agrafena married Sergei "voluntarily and out of love" and said that she could not even live without him ^[50]. The priest Vasily Mikhailov married her and Kudashkin not secretly and not alone, but with his own clergy. A marriage search was carried out, four noble persons were guarantors of the couple ^[51].

 The angry father intended to place Agrafena in the Nikolaevsky convent in Arzamas. He wrote that "honor is dearer than anything to a noble soul," and his honor is trampled on, that his heart is bleeding, that Agrafena has ruined herself forever and disgraced him. According to Vsevolod, "this unworthy seducer [Kudashkin] is tyrannizing over her." Vsevolod could not forgive the one who "killed" her father and mother with her act ^[52].

 The Synod refused to dissolve the marriage, but imposed a church penance on Agrafena and Sergei for 3 years. The Kudashkin couple lived in Nizhny Novgorod. In the revision tales of the burghers of Nizhny Novgorod on the 10th revision (1857), the author found a fairy tale of the Kudashkin family, in which only Sergei Fedorovich (53) and his wife Agrafena Vsevolodovna (47) were indicated, any children in this tale were not recorded, therefore there is no information about the Kudashkin offspring yet ^[53]. Later than 1857, no mention of Agrafen has yet been found.

 Vasily Vsevolodovich graduated in 1825 from the Noble Regiment to the Guard. In 1825-1829 . Vasily served in the Life Guards Moscow Regiment, then served in the 30th Jaeger regiment. He rose to the rank of major and retired in 1831 ^[54]. On May 27, 1838, Vasily was married in Moscow in the Holy Cross Church, which is in Poor Houses, (demolished in Soviet times) with the daughter of the collegiate adviser Olga Alexandrovna Strunina (ca. 1821-1855) ^[55]. In their marriage, 5 children were born: Sophia (?-1885), Mary (no later than 1840-no earlier than 1873), Alexander (22.04.1841-08.11.1908) ^[56], Olga (01.11.1844-no earlier than 1915) ^[57], Vsevolod (28.12.1845-29.01.1847) ^[58]. We will not dwell in detail on the children of Vasily Vsevolodovich, we will only clarify that Vsevolod died for unknown reasons when he was a little over 1 year old; Alexander and Olga did not marry; Sofia married Alaverdi Asirbekovich Bogodurov, and the descendants of their children now live in Moscow and Nizhny Novgorod (I analyzed this issue in more detail E. I. Ilizarova ^{[3, p. 107]}); Marya, as the author of this article found out, was already married to the Arzamas 2nd guild merchant son Fadeev in 1864, but there is no information about their offspring yet.

 Vasily Vsevolodovich died on April 20, 1846 in Cardaville at the age of 43 from an unknown disease ^[59]. In the early 1850s, his wife purchased a wooden house in Arzamas, after her death it passed to her children, who sold it in the early 1870s on September 14, 1855. Olga Alexandrovna, in the manor house of Cardaville, was shot with a gun by her yard man, cook Pyotr Savelyevich Strokin, for mistreatment ^[60]. Olga, her husband Vasily, their sons Vsevolod and Alexander were buried at the church of S. Kardavil. On April 23, 2023, the author conducted a full-scale survey of the graves at the Church of the Intercession in the village of Kardavil, during which he found that the church preserved the joint tombstone of Vasily Vsevolodovich, his wife Olga and their baby Vsevolod, as well as the tombstone of Alexander Vasilyevich.

E. I. Ilizarova claimed that the joint tombstone of Vasily Vsevolodovich, his wife and son was stolen by unknown persons in 2003 ^{[3, p. 115]}. However, during a full-scale examination, it turned out that this was not the case. The inscription on the marble tombstone reads: "Vasily Vsevolodovich Bazhenov, his wife Olga Alexandrovna, and their infant son Vsevolod rest here." On the second tombstone made of black granite, the inscription reads: "Alexander Vasilyevich Bazhenov died on November 8, 1908."

It is worth noting that the existing brick Church of the Intercession of the village of Kardavil was built by 1903 instead of the old wooden church (built in 1837 by the care of Colonel Vsevolod Bazhenov) and has nothing to do with the Bazhenovs anymore.

Warrior Bazhenov 1st (1776-1779)

Warrior Bazhenov (1st) was born on September 27, 1776 in Moscow. His baptism took place in the Church of Sofia in the Middle Gardeners ^[61]. The recipients were his brother Konstantin and the daughter of Alexander of the aforementioned merchant Babkin. The 1st soldier was enrolled in the Preobrazhensky Regiment. He died on February 19, 1779 at the age of three with the rank of captain. He was buried in the church of Nicholas in Vorobin and then buried in the Donskoy Monastery ^[62]. The burial is lost.

Nadezhda Bazhenova, married to Markov (1778-1857)

Nadezhda Bazhenova was born in 1778. The metric record of Nadezhda's birth has not yet been found, but the year of her birth was established by the confessional paintings of the Church of Sofia in the Middle Gardeners, where it was indicated that Nadezhda was 3 years old in 1781, 7 years old in 1785, and 14 years old in 1792 ^[63].

Mozhaisk local historian Lev Ivanovich Markov falsely attributed himself to the descendants of the architect V. I. Bazhenov and claimed that Nadezhda married his ancestor, Alexei Ivanovich Markov, but this is incorrect. On February 10, 1805, in the St. Nicholas-Epiphany Naval Cathedral, she was married to the Commercial Collegium by the court counselor Alexei Sergeyevich Markov (1773-1814) ^[64]. The Markovs left no offspring. In the 1830s. Nadezhda lived in the Kardavil estate with her brother Vsevolod, she was mentioned many times in the metric books of S. Ponetaevka and S. Kardavil in the recipients of newborn children of domestic workers and peasants, but in the 1840s and until her death she lived already in Arzamas. In 1848, Nadezhda wrote: "I, having no fortune at my old age and with decrepit health, drag out a miserable life" ^[65].

The widow of the court counselor Nadezhda Vasilyevna Markova died in Arzamas on November 28, 1857 from suffocation at the age of 79. Nadezhda was buried in the Resurrection Cathedral, then she was buried at the Arzamas All-Holy Cemetery (liquidated in Soviet times, the burial was lost) ^[66]. It is likely that the middle daughter of architect V. I. Bazhenov outlived all her brothers and sisters, leaving this world shortly before the abolition of serfdom.

Warrior Bazhenov 2nd (1779-1784)

Warrior Bazhenov (2nd) was born on July 17, 1779 in Moscow. His baptism took place in the Church of Nicholas in Vorobin ^[67]. The recipients were his brother Konstantin and sister Olga. He died in 1784. The burial place has not yet been established. In a letter to A. A. Bezborodko dated September 12, 1784, architect V. I. Bazhenov reported that "he has already buried one son these days." Obviously, it was about the Warrior 2nd. This letter was quoted by A. I. Mikhailov in his monograph ^{[68, p. 144]}.

Mstislav Bazhenov (1782-1783)

Mstislav Bazhenov was born on December 4, 1782 in Moscow. His baptism took place in the Church of Sofia in the Middle Gardeners ^[69]. The recipients were his brother Konstantin and sister Olga. The infant died on February 6, 1783, having lived a little more than two months. He was buried in the Donskoy Monastery ^[70]. The burial is lost.

Vera Bazhenova, married Golzhausen (1784-not earlier than 1834)

Vera Bazhenova was born in 1784. The metric record of Vera's birth has not yet been found, but the year of her birth was established according to the confessional paintings of the Church of Sofia in the Middle Gardeners, where it was indicated that Vera was 1 year old in 1785, and 8 years old in 1792 ^[71]. It is known that the father affectionately called the youngest daughter Verushka. The fact is that on the plans of the project of his own house in St. Petersburg (it was not carried out), the purpose of the premises was marked out by V. I. Bazhenov's hand, and one of the rooms was intended, as the inscription says, for "Verushka". The rest of the rooms were intended for "Olga" and "Nadezhda" ^{[2, p. 288]}.

Before her marriage, Vera lived with her mother, in the confessional paintings of the St. Nicholas-Epiphany Naval Cathedral for 1812, there is a real state councilor Agrippina Bazhenova with her daughter, the maiden Vera Vasilyevna ^[72]. On January 30, 1814, at the St. Nicholas Epiphany Cathedral, Vera Bazhenova was married to the staff physician of the Guards Reserve Crew, Fyodor Fedorovich (Friedrich-Wilhelm) Holzhausen of the Lutheran faith (04.03.1773-01.10.1832). Golzhausen was married for the second time. His first wife, the daughter of the court counselor Alexandra Petrovna Putilova, died on April 25, 1808 and was buried at the Volkovsky cemetery ^[73]. Vera and Fyodor lived in St. Petersburg and left no descendants.

Fyodor Golzhausen rose to the rank of collegiate counselor and cavalier. He was buried at the Volkovsky Lutheran Cemetery ^{[74, p. 645]}. It is likely that his tombstone, which still existed in 1912, was lost in Soviet times, and the burial was lost. In the list of preserved old monuments of the Volkovsky Lutheran Cemetery, published by Venedikt Boehm (1935-2022), there is no information about the preservation of the tombstone of F. F. Golzhausen ^[75].

As for Vera Golzhausen, in the documents of the Tula archive, the author found a mention that "... the collegiate counselor Golzhausen left for the city of Warsaw on April 17, 1834" from St. Petersburg ^[76]. No further mention of the youngest daughter of architect V. I. Bazhenov has yet been found.

Warrior Bazhenov 3rd (1785)

Warrior Bazhenov (3rd) was born on October 13, 1785 in Moscow. His baptism took place in the Church of Sofia in the Middle Gardeners. It is worth noting that the recipients at the baptism of the 3rd Warrior were his sister Olga and Semyon Ivanovich Gamaleya (1743-1822), mentor of architect V. I. Bazhenov in the Masonic lodge. On October 28 of the same year, the 3rd Warrior died after living only 14 days. He was buried in the Donskoy Monastery ^[77]. The burial is lost.

Fyodor Vasilyevich Karzhavin (1745-1812), a close friend and assistant to architect V. I. Bazhenov, a traveler, writer and translator, while on his next trip abroad, wrote "Poems for the birthday of Fotin Vasilyevich Bazhenov on September 26, 1785" ^{[78, pp. 111-112]}. Most likely, Karzhavin was in correspondence with Bazhenov and knew that Agrafena Lukinichna was in a position and that replenishment was expected in the architect's large family. In the congratulatory poem, the architect's friend calls the baby Photin, which in Greek means "radiant", "bright", "joyful": "Be fearless, clothed in the armor of salvation/ As a Warrior armed with a spear and helmet / Fotin! And your name represents us/ That the light in you will shine in the rays of heaven." Nevertheless, the architect's last son was still called a Warrior, but, unfortunately, this strong name did not promise him a long life, like the previous Warrior 1st and Warrior 2nd.

It is unknown whether architect V. I. Bazhenov had any other children after Warrior 3. Probably not. In total, the architect and his wife had 10 children, 4 of whom died at an early age. There is an opinion among some researchers that Colonel Pavel Vasilyevich Bazhenov (1778-1819), a military engineer and writer, was also the son of architect V. I. Bazhenov, but this statement is erroneous. Pavel Vasilyevich came from the chief officers' children ^[79].

Additional archival finds

During the study, information was also found in the confessional paintings of the Church of Sofia in the Middle Gardeners that an unknown nephew of the architect, Alexey Ivanovich Bazhenov (circa 1774-not earlier than 1792) lived in the house of architect V. I. Bazhenov on the Sofia Embankment in the 1780s and early 1790s.^[80]. In the confessional paintings for 1791-1792, he was mentioned as an officer's son.

In addition, from the paintings for 1791-1792, it became known that V. I. Bazhenov's sister, the maiden Maria Ivanovna Bazhenova, also lived in the house. In 1792, it was indicated that she was 41 years old, that is, she was born around 1751, but in the painting of the church of Dionysius the Areopagite on Nikitskaya Street (in her parish Vasily Bazhenov lived with his family in his youth) for 1751, Maria was already 4 years old, therefore she was born around 1747 ^{[81, 82]}. Studying the metrical books of St. Petersburg, the author found in the metrical book of the Church of the Intercession in Bolshaya Kolomna for 1814 an entry about the death of the daughter of the psalmist Ivan Fedorovich Bazhenov, the virgin Mary. According to the record, Maria died at the age of 45 and was buried at the Smolensk cemetery ^[83]. However, the architect's sister must have been about 67 years old in 1814. It is possible that a mistake could have been made in the death record at her age, but it is not yet known for sure whether it was really V. I. Bazhenov's sister or not.

Also, in the metrical book of the Church of Sofia, an entry was found about the death of the architect's father, the psalmist Ivan Fedorovich Bazhenov, who died on October 30, 1780, before he reached the age of 70. On October 31, he was buried at the Danilovsky cemetery (the burial was lost) ^[84]. Yu. Ya. Gerchuk cited 1773 as the last known year of the life of father V. I. Bazhenov ^{[2, p. 289]}. Ivan Fedorovich was born on January 27, 1711 ^{[2, p. 36]}.

It is known that Vasily Bazhenov had a brother Dmitry, who also made a career in the architectural field. However, according to the confessional paintings, the author established that the architect Dmitry Ivanovich Bazhenov (b. 1766), who lived in Moscow in the 1790s in his own house in the parish of the Church of the Ascension on the Pea Field with his wife Maria Nikiforovna (b. 1775, nee. Kobylyakova), with his brother Nikolai Ivanovich (b. 1774) and with his mother, the "churchwoman" widow Anisya Ivanovna (b. 1746), was not the brother of Vasily Bazhenov ^[85]. Perhaps he could be his distant relative, but finding out this fact and the fate of the architect's blood brother requires additional research.

In addition, while studying the metric books of St. Petersburg, the author found a record of the death of the aforementioned Fyodor Karzhavin. According to the entry from the metric book of the Intercession Church in Bolshaya Kolomna, Admiralty Board translator court counselor Fyodor Vasilyevich Karzhavin died on March 30, 1812 "suddenly" ^[86]. In S. R. Dolgova's book, without archival references, another date of Karzhavin's death is given – March 28 ^{[87, p. 35]}. Sudden deaths in the XIX century occupied a special place. In the case of sudden death (without previous illness), suspicions of its naturalness appeared. In this question, we were talking about those who died under unknown circumstances, about suicides killed in robbery or a duel, in duels, as well as those who died of drunkenness. There is a version according to which Karzhavin committed suicide ^{[88, pp. 115-116]}. As you know, suicides were deprived of Christian burial. Nevertheless, the priest of the Intercession Church, John Vasiliev, initiated and confessed Karzhavin, then he was buried at the Smolensk cemetery. There is a record of his burial in the burial book of this cemetery ^[89]. If Karzhavin really was a suicide, then he would have been deprived of a Christian burial. He probably died from a sudden stroke. The burial of Fyodor Karzhavin at the Smolensk cemetery has been lost.

Yu. Ya . Gerchuk and E. I. Ilizarova

At the beginning of this article, two researchers were mentioned who in their works dealt with the topic of the genealogy of the family of architect V. I. Bazhenov: Yu. Ya. Gerchuk and E. I. Ilizarova.

As for the wedding of Vasily Bazhenov and the merchant's daughter Agrafena Dolgova, Yu. Ya. Gerchuk gave in his book the exact date of their marriage, but did not give a link to an archival source ^{[2, p. 291]}. The author of this article identified the source to which Yu. Ya. Gerchuk addressed, and also found in it information about Agrafena's rich dowry: "... when she married on July 13, 1768, she was awarded from that father with her dowry: first with holy images, diamond things, pearls, silver and various silk and other dresses at a price of four thousand two hundred and twenty-six rubles, and money for the purchase of a real estate of five thousand rubles." This record of the receipt of V. I. Bazhenov 's dowry was made on July 27 , 1769 . Among those who witnessed it was the architect Matvey Fedorovich Kazakov (1738-1812), at that time still an architect and lieutenant ^[90].

Yu. Ya. Gerchuk in his book listed the following children of the architect: Konstantin, Vladimir, Olga, Vsevolod, Nadezhda, Vera, as well as the Warrior, who, as we now know, was only the second son of the architect with this name. Yu. Ya. Gerchuk cited the year of death of the five–year-old Warrior - 1784 ^{[2, p. 294]}.

Yu. Ya. Gerchuk cited in his work the approximate years of Vladimir Bazhenov's life – about 1773-1820, but he did it without footnotes to archival sources ^{[2, p. 288]}. The year of death is correct, but the year of birth is incorrect. The researcher also gave the approximate years of Konstantin Bazhenov's life – about 1771- until 1833, but he also did it without footnotes to archival sources ^{[2, p. 285]}. Yu. Ya. Gerchuk reported that all three sons of the architect were enrolled in the Izmailovsky regiment ^{[2, p. 30]}. However, Vsevolod and Konstantin were recorded in Semenovsky, and the 1st Warrior unknown to Yu. Ya. Gerchuk was recorded in Preobrazhensky. There is no exact information about Vladimir in this matter yet.

In addition, the researcher noted that the daughters of V. I. Bazhenov after his death were married to poor noble officials, but did not provide any additional information: the names and ranks of husbands, dates of marriages, etc. ^{[2, p. 30]}. Yu. Ya. Gerchuk did not provide any other information about the architect's children.

As for E. I. Ilizarova, in her book she published for the first time the family tree of the Bazhenov family from architect V. I. Bazhenov to his living descendants, however, in this tree there are no dates of life of family representatives, and many representatives were not designated at all, for example, the husbands of the architect's daughters, the spouse and children of Konstantin Bazhenov, the wives of Mstislav and Luka Bazhenov, Marya Vasilyevna Bazhenova and her husband Fadeev, etc. ^{[3, p. 107]}. The tree also erroneously states that Vasily Vsevolodovich and Olga Alexandrovna Bazhenov had a son, Mikhail, but they did not have a son with this name. In addition, the tree indicates that the maiden name of Colonel Vsevolod Bazhenov's wife was Fedorova, but there was a confusion with her patronymic, the maiden name of Maria Fedorovna is still unknown. Also, the maiden name of Olga Alexandrovna Bazhenova (Strunina) was not indicated in the tree. All these gaps and mistakes are explained by the fact that E. I. Ilizarova almost did not study archival documents on the Bazhenov genealogy, and much was unknown to her. She was guided mainly by the fragmentary memories of the architect's descendants. Nevertheless, the researcher gave in detail the line of development of the genus from Sofia Vasilyevna Bazhenova, who married Alaverdi Asirbekovich Bogodurov, to her living descendants. The author does not cite this line in this study. In addition, in her book, E. I. Ilizarova published photographs of some family representatives from the descendants' archive (the image of Major Vasily Vsevolodovich Bazhenov, photos of his children: Alexander, Olga, Sofia), extracts from the form list of Colonel Vsevolod Bazhenov, excerpts from the diary entries of Alexander Alaverdievich Bogodurov (son of Sofia Vasilyevna Bazhenova), which is also a valuable part of her research.

Also, E. I. Ilizarova cited documents from which the surnames of Nadezhda and Olga Bazhenov in marriage and the years of their husbands' death became known for the first time ^{[3, p. 104]}. In her work, E. I. Ilizarova did not provide any other information from the family history of the architect V. I. Bazhenov.  

Russian Russian Manor The surname of Vera Bazhenova in marriage was first given by the author of this study in his article in the collection "Russian Manor" of the Society for the Study of the Russian Manor ^{[1, p. 38]}. In the course of this study, documents were also identified in which the ages of Karl Goette (30 years old in 1801) and Alexey Markov (26 years old in 1799) were indicated, which made it possible to calculate the years of their birth, and the exact date of Goette's death was also found ^{[91, 92]}.

Conclusion

Thus, in the course of the study, it was possible to reconstruct the picture of the genealogy of the family of architect V. I. Bazhenov and his descendants quite fully, as well as to analyze the contribution of Yu. Ya. Gerchuk and E. I. Ilizarova to the study of this topic. The article contained many previously unknown plots and information: years of life, dates of marriages, as well as information about family, property, official status, family composition, places of residence, burial, etc. A comprehensive approach was applied in the study: various archival sources were studied, as well as visits to places related to the study were conducted, which allowed us to look at the issues under study from different angles and thus close a large number of gaps in the topic under study. Nevertheless, the author continues to search, because some questions of the genealogy of the family of architect V. I. Bazhenov still remain open, for example, the fate of the architect's two daughters: Olga Goette and Vera Golzhausen.  

List of abbreviations

Central State Archive of Moscow – Central State Archive of Moscow

GATO – State Archive of the Tula region

TSANO – Central Archive of the Nizhny Novgorod region

RGIA – Russian State Historical Archive

GANO, Arzamas – State Archive of the Nizhny Novgorod region, Arzamas

TSGIA SPb – Central State Historical Archive of St. Petersburg

RGVIA – Russian State Military Historical Archive

Central State Archive of the Republic of Mordovia – Central State Archive of the Republic of Mordovia

RSE – Russian State Library

GNIMA named after A. V. Shchusev – State Scientific Research Museum of Architecture named after A. V. Shchusev