Abstract: This article is dedicated to examination of the process of conception of satire in Yakut literature. The object of this research is the origin and evolution of satire in Yakut poetry. The subject is the satirical compositions of the founders of Yakut literature A. E. Kulakovsky and P. A. Oyunsky. The goal consists in determination of the role of the first writers in conception and development of satire. Yakut literary studies feature research dedicated to particular authors and works, rather than satire as a whole. Therefore, the relevance of this article lies in the holistic review of satire. The theoretical-methodological framework is comprised of the cultural-historical method, within the framework of which the conception of satire is considered a product of social life and cultural-historical conditions of Yakutia of the early XX century. The work also employs the specific-historical and comparative-typological methods of research. The scientific novelty is defined by the fact that the Yakut literary studies currently do not have a comprehensive and systemic research of satirical genre in national poetry. It is established that the pioneer satire in Yakut literature is the founder of Yakut literature A. E. Kulakovsky, who devoted his works to harsh criticism of the conservative traditions of patriarchal-feudal society, rapacity and inhumanity of the new capitalist relations. Kulakovsky was first to create gallery of the satirical portraits of social nature, such as socially classified images of stingy wealthy man, drunken bourgeois, etc. In the 1920s, the pioneer of Yakut Soviet literature P. A. Oyunsky composed works that of socially charged nature. The poet introduced the following new genres into Yakut literature: fable, pamphlet, and parody. Their works surged public thought and marked the birth of satirical genres in Yakut poetry.

Abstract: The subject of this research is the theme of the mission of poet and poetry in works of the pioneer of Yakut lyrics A. I. Sofronov-Alampa. The goal of this article consists in comprehensive analysis of the image of poet in his lyrics. The theme of poet and poetry is traced throughout his artistic journey. Alampa’s poetic heritage features 43 compositions on this topic, which is 12.6% of all his poems. It is noted that the aesthetic views and principles of Alampa were formed under the influence of the poetry of A. Pushkin and M. Lermontov. Reminiscences, constant references to the image of Prophet allow concluding that adoption of traditions of the classics led the poet to portraying the image of the Creator – a mediator between the divine powers and a human. However, the poet took a different approach towards this matter, through the “prism of the spiritual heritage of his nation”, and introduced into his native literature the image of Shaman as the higher force possessing the power of healing and word. Reflecting on the genesis of nature and poetic talent, Alampa refers to the founder of Yakut literature Alexey Kulakovsky as the Shaman – a Creator from God. But first of all, the Shaman at Alampa is a benevolent person – Algyschyt, who heals the wounded and lost souls with power of the word, and guides to the path of happiness. Sofronov grants a special mission and higher purpose to the Shaman-poet – “touch the hearts of the people with the word”.  The scientific novelty consists in the attempts to examine the image of poet in the lyrics of Alampa.

Abstract: The subject of this research is examination of the development of Yakut fiction literature on the pages of the magazine “Sakha Sangata – “Voice of the Yakut” (1912-1913). The material for this study became the articles published in this magazine. The goal consists in determination of the role of magazine as an initiator of the Yakut fiction literature. Historiography of the question demonstrates that the magazine played an enormous role in education and growth of national self-consciousness of the Yakuts, as well as development of the sociopolitical and cultural life. The works of the founders of Yakut literature A. Kulakovsky, A. Safronov, V. Nikiforov and A. Gavrilov, who published their first articles in the magazine, had a great impact upon the rebound of public thought, and marked the conception of literary tradition in culture of the ethnos. The theoretical-methodological framework became the cultural-historical method, which views the conception of national culture as a product of social life and cultural-historical conditions in Yakutia of the XX century. As a results of comprehensive analysis of the materials in their genre development, it is determined that the literary principles of original publicistic writing have formed on the pages of first secular magazine, as well as the transition  from the folklore tradition towards the authorial written literature has taken place. The novelty lies in the comprehensive analysis of folklore and literary texts for revealing patterns the development of fiction literature. The conclusion is formulated that the launch of the magazine “Sakha Sangata” indicated the actual history of the Yakut literary lore, the moment that the national literature took the path of progressive development.