Abstract: The article is dedicated to the topical issues of interpretation in the social, legal and medical spheres of activity. The author concretized the concept of communal translation, the scope of its application, and considered possible types of this translation.
The object of the study is the translation in the field of social sphere, legal issues, medical care, and interaction with administrative bodies, called community interpreting.
The subject of the study is the analysis of the discursive components of community interpreting on the example of the English language, the ways of implementing this translation and the problems of training community interpreters in the social and legal fields. The interpreter becomes a direct participant and intermediary in the process of interaction between different parties, that requires him to be more responsible for authenticity (i.e. completeness, accuracy and adequacy) and the quality of translation, which cannot be achieved without mobilizing all his knowledge and skills of professional activity.
The article also notes that currently the training of community interpreters is not given due attention. The novelty of the research lies in the identification, analysis and generalization of the features of community interpreting, as well as in the study of the specifics of community interpreting at the present stage as a necessary component of the communicative environment of modern society.
Distinctive features of communal translation are its versatility, wide coverage of various aspects of life, which lead to the use of a variety of terminology, different types of discourses and speech styles, the presence of slang, dialects, and abbreviations of different subjects.
The specialists, who carry out this type of translation, must possess socio-cultural competence along with language and speech knowledge and skills.

Abstract: This article is dedicated to the formation of English-language neologisms as a result of lexical and semantic nomination. The object of this research is the changes in the lexical system of modern English language based on the analysis of media and online publications. The subject of this research is the methods of formation of neologisms in the late XX and early XXI centuries. The author determines the most common methods of the formation neologisms in digital periodicals, online news websites, forums and blogs. Analysis is conducted on such methods of word formation as affixation, conversion, formation of complex words, shortening and hybridization, abbreviation, etc. It is noted that the majority of neologisms result from lexical nomination. The goal of this article lies in analysis of the formation of neologisms used in the English lexicon for a long period of time, and thus have acquired a certain official standing. Such lexical innovations have been included or are in the process of being included into the official English language. An attempt is made to reveal the key features of methods of formation of neologisms, which are of primary importance for the communicative and social activity in their broadest sense. Majority of neologisms in the language, which is over 70%, result from the lexical methods of word formation; while the share of neologisms formed via semantic derivation is only a few percent of the total number of lexical innovations.