Abstract: The subject of the study is the cosmo-psycho-logos of the Erzya people, expressed in "Mastorava" as a literary form of the epic. The national image of the people is encoded in the cosmo-psycho-logos. It is most fully expressed in the national epic, which contains the maximum information about the people, their mental, psychological, linguistic, cultural, geographical, and historical portrait. The national image is formed in "Mastorava" from the image of the land, the images of gods and national heroes, the reflection of the specifics of the historical existence of the people, their historical preferences and antipathies, characteristics of their historical thinking, and so on. Most importantly, it is derived from the image of national worldview encoded in the language of the people. "Mastorava" was originally written in the Erzya language, and the existence in the space of the native language is natural for the people, as it realizes the meanings that constitute their idea and image. The methodology of the study is based on the principles of domestic comparative-historical literary studies and folklore, embodied by Bakhtin, Gatchev, Sharonov, Bakhtikireeva, Arzamazov, and others. The work employs cultural-historical, mythopoetic methods, and a comprehensive analysis of the artistic work, creating a broad problematic field for research. The scientific novelty of the research lies in the fact that it is the first time the cosmo-psycho-logos of the Erzya people in the epic "Mastorava" is examined. As a result of the study, we concluded that in "Mastorava," alongside the voice of the people, the voice of its author is heard, their representation of the people interweaving into its CPL, changing the outlines created by folklore and complementing them with the uniqueness of its own CPL, which qualitatively complicates them. The sound of the voice of the people and the sound of the poet's voice hold independent value, but their fusion gives rise to polyphony, forming the objective voice of the nation. Reflections on the problem of the CPL of the Erzya people in "Mastorava" by A.M. Sharonov led to the conclusion that in the literary epic, the CPL of the people, recorded in the authentic epic, intertwines with the author's CPL and, enhancing each other's sound, creates a more complete portrait of the ethno. It is evident that the author reflects in his people just as the people reflect in the author, who is their ethnophore. The results of the study can be used in the comparative study of the folklore and literature of the peoples of Russia.

Abstract: The subject of research in the article is the specificity of the reflection of historical events and persons in oral poetic works. The object of the study is the legend "About the Starling and the Woodpecker" and the song "On the Mountains on the Dyatlovs". The authors consider in detail such aspects of the topic as the artistic comprehension of the processes of development of statehood, the transformation of nationality, etc. Particular attention is paid to the consideration of contacts between neighboring peoples, influencing the formation of the historical context, in folklore works. The goals and objectives of the work determined the choice of research methods: historical and literary, descriptive, genetic, on the basis of which the analysis of the legend "About the Starling and the Woodpecker" and the song "On the Mountains on the Dyatlovs" is carried out. The scientific novelty of the study is determined for the first time by the analysis of "The Tale of the Starling and the Woodpecker" and the song "On the Mountains on the Dyatlovs" in the philosophical and sociological aspects in terms of the unification of Russians and Erzya into one people represented in them. The main conclusions were: the song and the legend unite the Russian and Erzya worlds, form a common society for them, where the co-existence of the two peoples does not have antagonism, social and moral forces directed against each other. A special contribution of the authors was the discovery that the song artistically interprets the unifying processes, idealizes them, turns them into a poetic image that is attractive to both Russians and Erzya. The unification of the Nizhny Novgorod Erzya with the Muscovite state was a mutual benefit, as the Russian Tsar also speaks of, thanking God for giving him the Erzya land. The Erzya elders also took what happened for granted, especially since it happened during their prayer to the Supreme God, who approved everything with his non-resistance.

Abstract: The subject of the study is the genre originality of Erzya, Moksha and Russian folk ballads, the object of the study is typical and rare ballad plots and characters, which allows us to consider the phenomenon in all the variety of genre aspects. The article, based on scientific literature and folklore material, characterizes the poetic techniques and visual and expressive means used in Erzya, Moksha, and Russian ballads. A special contribution of the authors to the study of the topic was the comprehension of the ballad through the prism of the memory of the myth, which is persistently present in it. Erzya, Moksha and Russian ballads are united in genre with their thematic diversity. Their characters and events represent different aspects of life, illustrate various aesthetic and moral codes, obeying a common poetic system. The scientific novelty lies in the consideration of the elements of the myth in the ballad, the content of which is transformed in it, it does not explain the myth and cannot do this, because it has lost its understanding. But she operates with the data of the myth, retains the attributes of the myth in her poetics, which allows her to have a complex genre constitution that leads away from a simplified understanding of the plots and images of the actors. Erzya, Moksha and Russian ballads are the product of national mentality, artistic and aesthetic, social, moral views. In them, the life of the people is concretized by the destinies of individuals, the emphasis is on spiritual life, on ethical, social, moral ideas – both traditional and those that have arisen at a new stage of historical development. Their attention is drawn to the tragic aspects of human existence caused by his negative reaction to the world.

Abstract: Mythology is the form of consciousness of the primitive and early class society, which reproduces the views of a human on cosmos, God, and society. The object of this research is Erzya and Moksha myths on matrimonial relations. The subject of this research is the specificity of the worldview of Erzya and Moksha myths founded on the matrimonial relations. Detailed analysis is conducted on the specificity of reflection of philosophical and sociological motifs in the Erzya and Moksha matrimonial myths that emerged in the context of formation of the patriarchal family based on the social, moral and legal norms of existence. The author also explores the uniqueness of matrimonial relations with deities and people. Which gives a conceptual perspective on the type and character of the ethnic family, and the role of family in human life. The conclusion is made that stating a family by deities and people is a continuation of creation of the world in the sphere of family and social life. The author’s special contribution to this research consists in the proof that the presence of the indicated aspect in the myth is the reflection of the naive idealistic ideas and spontaneous materialistic views; substantiation of the high humanistic status of a woman in family life; designation of the heroic traits given to a woman by birth as fundamental; comprehension of matrimonial relations between deities and people through the prism of co-creation. This article is first to analyze the peculiarities of the worldview of matrimonial myths and introducing it into the scientific context, which defines its novelty.