Abstract: In the era of the dominance of information technology, the problem of recognizing true and false information is becoming particularly relevant. The purpose of the article is to analyze the phenomenon of lying and the factors affecting its recognition. We believe that lying is not only a distortion of information, but also a form of intersubjective relations. The deceiver creates a closed "world" for the deceived, an information cocoon that replaces reality. This creates a relationship of different levels of two subjects, the deceiver and the deceived, their inequality and the imbalance of the situation. Sensitivity to unjustified inequality of psychological positions in relationships, to disequilibrium in the situation of relationships, according to our assumption, plays an important role in the recognition of lies. The article presents the results of a study of the influence of personality traits that contribute to the non-recognition of lies. An experiment was conducted in which research participants were asked to recognize 10 true and 10 false messages. According to the results of the experiment, the subjects were divided into two equal groups: relatively poorly recognizing lies and relatively well recognizing lies. The properties characteristic of those who do not recognize lies well turned out to be: the tendency to overestimate self-attitude (to put oneself above others), pragmatism, imperiousness, combined with emotional restraint, conformity, etc. Also, those who do not recognize lies are characterized by a lower level of integration and coherence of personal structures. There is some reason to say that poor lie recognition is also promoted by the lower importance of the moral factor in the relationship.

Abstract: The subject of the study is the psychological mechanisms that produce a person's character. The classical ideas of character, reflected in its modern definitions and interpretations, are considered. The concepts of "intention" and "attitude" are compared. On this basis, the traditional understanding of character as an expression of the system of human relations to people, objects, etc. is transformed into considering it as an intentional "relief" of the subject. The psychological content of the relationship as a substitute for action (activity) is analyzed. The connection of character with the structure of human activity is substantiated. The idea of the imitation-activity nature of character is put forward. Based on the consideration of the types of intentions and relationships, an attempt is made to develop a basic typology of character. Examples illustrating the imitation-activity nature of character types are given. The advantage of the presented concept of the psychological nature of character is that, unlike existing approaches to character (character as accentuation, social character according to E. Fromm, etc.), it allows you to combine a descriptive approach to character with the possibility of analyzing its internal psychological mechanisms. In addition, since the structure of activity (means, function, etc.) correlates with the fundamental composition of these mechanisms, then our typology of characters is not one of the possible ones, but, as we believe, reflects the basic types of character.