Abstract: The subject of the research in this article is the analysis of the concept of "lies" in Russian, French and Chinese. Attention is paid to the lexical and etymological features of the word "lie" and its connection with other concepts such as "truth" and "deception". Lying is seen as a deliberate distortion of reality, which has deep roots in human cognition and mythological representations. The author discusses about the antonymic pairs "truth-lie", reflecting the opposition characteristic of human perception of the world. Special attention is paid to images and symbols associated with lies, such as swamp, mud and water, which reinforce the negative connotation of this concept. The lexical environment of the word "lie", its compatibility with various adjectives and verbs, as well as the difference between lies and untruths also become the object of analysis. The article attempts to reveal how cultural aspects influence the perception of lies in the Russian language and consciousness. The research methodology is based on a linguistic analysis of the vocabulary, etymology and compatibility of the word "lie" in Russian, French and Chinese, as well as on the interpretation of cultural and mythological images associated with this concept. The scientific novelty of the research lies in the in-depth analysis of the concept of "lies" in Russian, French and Chinese, revealing their mythological and cultural roots. The article explores how ancient symbols and metaphors such as the sun, water, threads and fabric form modern ideas about truth and falsehood, demonstrating their universal aspects in Indo-European and Asian cultures. The study also emphasizes gender aspects, linking speech with the feminine principle and revealing the dualistic opposition inherent in mythological systems. The revealed conclusions show that concepts related to truth and falsehood continue to live in modern consciousness, preserving ancient mythological elements and adapting to modern cultural and linguistic contexts.

Abstract: The article examines the idea of "truth" in three linguistic pictures of the world - Russian, French and Chinese. The study is contrastive, the results are compared. The description of each idea is made according to a clear algorithm: the etymology of the word, the mythological roots of the concept, its compatibility, from the compatibility is distinguished real connotation according to V. A. Uspensky, a comparison of dictionary definitions is made.The aim of the study is to identify the peculiarities of the idea of "truth" in the Russian, French and Chinese languages. The purpose of the comparison is to see the similarities and differences in the worldview of different peoples. Scientific methods of research are: comparative-historical method, method of generalization, method of semantic analysis. This topic is understudied, no linguocultural studies analyzing this idea in Russian, French and Chinese culture have been observed earlier, which constitutes the scientific novelty of the work. The results will contribute to mutual understanding between peoples, forming a kind of conceptual bridge, and will also be used in courses on regional studies, comparative studies of cultures, and in the teaching of the respective languages.

Abstract: The author examines the idea of "mind" in three linguistic pictures of the world - Russian, French and Chinese. The study is contrastive, the results are compared. The description of each idea is made according to a clear algorithm: the etymology of the word, the mythological roots of the concept, its compatibility, from the compatibility is distinguished real connotation according to V. A. Uspensky, a comparison of dictionary definitions is made. The aim of the study is to identify the peculiarities of the idea of "mind" in the Russian, French and Chinese languages. The purpose of the comparison is to see the similarities and differences in the worldview of different peoples. Scientific methods of research are: comparative-historical method, method of generalization, method of semantic analysis. This topic is understudied, no linguocultural studies analyzing this idea in Russian, French and Chinese culture have been observed earlier, which constitutes the scientific novelty of the work. The results will contribute to mutual understanding between peoples, forming a kind of conceptual bridge, and will also be used in courses on regional studies, comparative studies of cultures, and in the teaching of the respective languages.

Abstract: The purpose of this article is to present the results of a contrastive study of the ideas of male beauty among Russians and Chinese. These ideas are studied culturologically, through the restoration of the relevant fragments of national pictures of the world. For this purpose, both linguistic and comparative-historical methods are used. Russian concepts of beauty are analyzed in the corresponding concepts in the Russian language, etymology and modern meanings, Russian epics, the reign of Peter the Great, the XVIII - XIX centuries, the period of the Great October Socialist Revolution, the Stalinist period and the period of late socialism, modern ideas. To analyze the Chinese view of the subject under study, the corresponding hieroglyphs, lexical combinations, idioms, philosophical and aesthetic sources, and modern realities are analyzed. Such a multidimensional consideration of beauty in the Russian and Chinese pictures of the world caused the novelty of the study. Comparisons of Russian and Chinese are the main conclusion of the work: ideas about beauty are not just different, they are opposite. It is important to note that the image of the hero in Russian culture is a symbol of male beauty, and in Chinese, on the contrary, it is a symbol of a rude and unaesthetic person. The main oppositions are male/female, West/The East, rational/emotional — are characteristic of the Russian picture of the world, but they are not completely manifested in the Chinese ideas about beauty. The Chinese do not oppose, but combine what looks like an opposition in our culture.