Abstract: This article presents the author's methodology for analyzing directive speech acts in English and Arabic academic discourse, developed during the writing of the author's dissertation research. The purpose of the article is to describe and confirm the effectiveness of the methodology for analyzing directive speech acts within the framework of two academic discourses. In addition to substantiating the choice of research methods and respondent groups, the article presents a written discursive test with situational examples developed on the basis of the classification of directive speech acts by J. Serle (1979). We propose the study of directive speech acts from the point of view of grammatical, cultural, social and lexical aspects. The purpose of this article is an attempt to propose the author's methodology for analyzing directive speech acts in a comparative aspect within the framework of academic discourse functioning in English and Arabic. The novelty of the research lies in the fact that earlier in Russian and foreign linguistics, no attempts were made to develop a methodology for analyzing directive speech acts in a comparative perspective of English and Arabic. In conclusion, the author makes a conclusion about the effectiveness of the proposed method of analysis, and also notes the prospects for further research on the proposed topic. The results of the article can be used in the compilation of methodological complexes for teaching comparative linguistics, as well as courses on discourse analysis in higher educational institutions.

Abstract: The purpose of the study is to determine the role and degree of use of the cognitive approach in the study of directive speech acts. The article provides an overview of modern theoretical research in the field of speech acts, and also substantiates the use of a cognitive approach in the study of directive speech acts. The relevance of this study lies in the fact that the widespread use of the cognitive approach for the analysis of speech acts in different language groups has not been sufficiently studied, which leads to communication failures between communication participants. The subject of this article is the functioning of the cognitive approach in the study of directive speech acts. The object is the study of directive speech acts on the example of English and Arabic academic discourses using a cognitive approach. Descriptive, contextual, comparative-historical methods are used as the main research methods. The novelty of our research lies in the fact that the widespread use of the cognitive approach for the analysis of speech acts in different language groups has not been sufficiently studied, which leads to communication failures between communication participants. The study of ways to prevent these communication failures is an important component in building global interaction between communication participants both in linguistics and in the world as a whole. Therefore, the relevance of the study of the use of the cognitive approach lies in the need of society to build adequate interaction at various levels. As a result of the conducted research, it is proved that the use of a cognitive approach in the analysis of directive speech acts helps to reduce the number of communicative failures of representatives of the English-speaking and Arabic-speaking academic discourses. The research materials can be used in universities of the humanities in the study of special courses in comparative linguistics and intercultural communication, as well as the data obtained can be applied in the process of educational and methodological activities in the creation of specialized textbooks.