Derevyagina O.E. —
On exemption from criminal liability for unlawful restriction of competition (the Article 178 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation)
// National Security. – 2021. – ¹ 4.
– P. 1 - 13.
DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2021.4.36121
URL: https://en.e-notabene.ru/nbmag/article_36121.html
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Abstract: The subject of this research is the notes to the Article 178 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation and the Article 14.32 of the Code of the Russian Federation on Administrative Offenses; foreign antimonopoly legislation on exemption and mitigation of liability for cartels; decisions of the plenums of higher judicial instances of the Russian Federation regarding the grounds and procedure for exemption from liability for cartel agreements; draft of the federal law on introducing amendments to the Article 178 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation and antimonopoly practice on cartels. The article aims to examine the grounds for exemption from criminal liability for cartel agreements, including in comparative-legal and interdisciplinary aspects. The novelty of this research consists in establishing extension of the grounds for exemption from liability in the Russian legislation to all cartel participants (unlike foreign legislation, according to which the cartel facilitator is not exempt from liability). This article is firs to provide interpretation to scantily studied questions of the procedure for realization of the conditions of exemption from criminal liability: the instance, when the cartel participant is still able to declare the restriction of competition to law enforcement agencies, and other measures of reparation of the inflicted damage. The author proposes a method for unification of the the grounds for exemption from liability stipulated by the Article 178 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation and the Article 14.32 of the Code of the Russian Federation on Administrative Offenses. The acquired results can be applied in the activity of law enforcement agencies.
Derevyagina O.E. —
Concerning What Causes Criminalization of Competition Restriction (Part 1 of Article 178 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation)
// Legal Studies. – 2019. – ¹ 4.
– P. 27 - 43.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-7136.2019.4.29184
URL: https://en.e-notabene.ru/lr/article_29184.html
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Abstract: The article is devoted to the process of criminalization of agreements that restrict competition (cartel agreements). According to a number of experts in criminal law as well as representatives of business communities, criminalization of anti-competitive agreements is either insufficiently substantiated or not substantiated. This is why substantiation of criminalization of cartel agreements is a nettlesome issue. The object of the research is the social relations in the sphere of criminal policy regarding criminalization of deeds constituting a crime as set forth by the provisions of Article 178 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federatio. The subject of the research is the applicable criminal law provisions that set forth responsibility for cartel agreements. The author of the article analyzes the system of bases for criminalization of cartel agreements. She focuses on the social threat caused by the crime of this kind and makes a conclusion that the penal prohibition is absolutely reasonable. The methodological basis of the research includes such research methods as systems approach, historical law analysis, dialectical, formal law, formal logical and complex analysis. The novelty of the research is caused by the fact that the author carries out a complex analysis of criminalization of the aforesaid crime in current laws and this is the first article of the kind in the academic literature. One of the author's conclusions is that criminalization of cartel agreements is reasonable at this point of social development taking into account the threat for the society and impossibility of fight against restriction of competition and opportunities of criminal justice and historical legal traditions.