Abstract: This article is dedicated to the analysis of specificity of using biographical approach in studying the heritage of such prominent representatives of white émigré of the XX century as P. M. Bitsilli, N. A. Hans and S. I. Gessen. The subject of this research is the possibility of using biographical approach in the process of examination of pedagogical thought and education of the white émigré. In the course of analysis of works of the recent years, the authors trace the efficiency of such approach in historical-pedagogical research. The object of this article is the books devoted to as P. M. Bitsilli, N. A. Hans and S. I. Gessen that were published in 2018 – 2000s and represent biographical or theoretical research with a strong biographical component. Leaning on the principles of Interdisciplinarity and complex analysis of scientific and historical-educational process, the biographical method is recognized as fundamental for studying educational space of the white émigré and pedagogical heritage of its representatives. The presented overview of publications allows getting a new perspective on scientific potential of biographical approach personalization of pedagogical history of white émigré, and charting the course for further examination of this phenomenon.

Abstract: The article is devoted to the functional potential of opposite figures in contemporary German religious text, in particular, preaching text. According to the authors of the article, as a religious style, preaching is an important source of various expressive means as well as tropos and figures that serve different functions, from structuring relgious text, its rhythmic organisation, images, and telling the moral message. The subject of the research is the opposite figures, in particular, antithesis, chiasmus, parallelism that function in the homiletical genre. The research is based on the lexicographical, descriptive and comparative methods as well as the methods of classification and lexico-semantic analysis. The research material implies texts of preaching of an Austrian cardinal Christoph Schönborn. The need and importance of linguistic study of opposite figures in German religious text have created the rationale of this research. The novelty of the research is caused by the fact that the authors define peculiar features of opposite figures from the point of view of compositional and stylistic principles of constructing the preaching text. The following conclusions have been made in the course of the research: 1. German preaching as a religious text has such opposite figures as antithesis, chiasmus, and parallelism; 2. antithesis is frequently used and denotes accurate and convincing expression, thus can be considered to be a compositional principle of text; 3. chiasmus and parallelism in German preaching define the main topic as well as convey the completeness of a religious text. 

Abstract: The article is devoted to the analysis of special features of perception and presentation of the conceptual apparatus of a famous Russian philosopher Mikhail Bakhtin (1895–1975) in Russian academic society of the 2000s. The subject of the research is the terminological description of the main terms and definitions of Mikhail Bakhtin's academic language presented in 'Literary Encyclopedia of Terms and Definitions' (2001). In the course of her analysis of Bakhtin's works that are mostly related to the matter, the author of the article focuses on the means used by Bakhtin to understand and present his conceptual apparatus. The present research was based on the methods and traditions of Russian historical and sociological poetics as well as modern academic literary studies. The novelty of the research is caused by the fact that the author defines several levels of interpretation of Mikhail Bakhtin's conceptual framework described in 'Literary Encyclopedia of Terms and Definitions'. Approaches offered in this article can be used in modern philological research to study particular Bakhtin's terms as well as his terminological apparatus in general.