Abstract: The author describes particular theoretical aspects of psychophysiological research with the help of a lie detector, and their role in the investigation of crimes.
The research object is the current condition of the theory and practice of using a polygraph. The research subject is the problems of using the results of lie detector testing, their interpretation and role in criminal investigation. The purpose of the research is to study the principles of using, and the options of a lie detector and polygraph examiners, and to define the importance of such a type of research for the investigation of crimes. The research methodology is based on general scientific research methods including analysis and generalization, and specific methods: observation and analysis of psychodiagnostic research. The scientific novelty of the research consists in the comprehensive analysis of the theory and practice of using a polygraph based on the case studies of particular investigations. The author arrives at the conclusion about a further analysis of legal, technical and practical problems of using a polygraph in criminal proceedings, for the purpose of the consideration of the idea about the legislative consolidation of such a research as a proof, which determines the importance of the topic of the research. The practical importance consists in the possibility to use the research results during the evaluation of the polygraph testing and the consideration of the examiner’s report as a proof in the criminal investigation.  
 

Abstract: The research subject is the forms, methods and approaches to the organization of professional training of internal affairs officers in educational institutions of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia. The author analyzes the main approaches to the implementation of professional training programs, particularly, gives special attention to distance teaching and the methods of organization of the educational process. The topicality of the research is determined by the necessity to reconsider the current system of professional training in internal affairs agencies, to change the approach to its organization and implementation, and the search for the most efficient forms and methods of professional training of officers. The research methodology is based on the systems and competency-building approaches and includes the methods of theoretical, practical and empirical studies, as well as the statistical method and other research methods. The purpose of the research is to define particular problems emerging in the process of implementation of professional training programs using the online teaching techniques; to offer the ways to solve them, which would be the most effective for professional training of internal affairs officers. The author arrives at the conclusion that in order to successfully implement distance professional training programs for the newly employed internal affairs officers, in terms of COVID-19 spreading, particular managerial decisions should be made which would eliminate both organizational and procedural, and material and technical drawbacks. In the author’s opinion, it is reasonable to make adjustments to the organization of professional training. These ideas underlie the topicality of the research. The scientific novelty is determined by the topic of the research and the offered ways to improve the professional training system in internal affairs agencies aimed at increasing its effectiveness in current conditions.