Abstract: The article is dealing with the identification and analysis of various variants of binary division (dichotomy) of the international space activity that is considered as a set of implemented projects or market sales. The key aspects of the modern development of space activities influence not only the technological, but mainly the institutional, organizational and economic features of interaction between participants in space activities and the effectiveness measurement. Such binary divisions of space activities as "applied vs.non-applied", "commercial vs.non-profit", "public vs.private", "budget vs.non-budget " are considered. In addition, an important aspect of the separation of the results of space activities into products/services and projects is considered. Further directions of research in this area are shown, including the development of model indicators and criteria for the effectiveness of space activities in their various forms and types.

Abstract: This article examines the fundamental categories of targeted activity, including subjectivity and performance applicable to the modern space activities, as well as discusses the problematic questions of generation public good in the activity of hybrid corporate-public actors. This work is aimed at developing theoretical grounds for institutional projecting and organizational structuring in the area of space activities pertaining to space research and exploration, as well as elaborating alternate versions of organizational design that would ensure efficiency of such efforts with consideration of current institutional trajectory. The methodological base consists primarily of the principle of methodological individualism, viewed from the perspective the impact upon the targeted work of the researchers, explorer, and applied use of space, as well as analysis of results of the work using the value chains. The article also uses the general approaches towards analyzing the inter-sectoral cooperation in economics, as well as the theories of public good. The scientific novelty is defined by the identification of the peculiarities of application of the principles of targeted work by the members of space activities pertaining to state and private sectors; conducted analysis of emergence of specific public good in this sphere; peculiarities of the work of particular corporate-public actors and risks of emergence of institutional traps; proposed versions of organizational arrangement of the tasks of generating public good in the area of space activities. The main conclusion lies in the need for special organizational arrangement of this vector of space activities in terms of the work of hybrid corporate-public actors.