Abstract: The subject of research is genesis of the theory of social values. The author pays special attention to a place of a problem of values in social philosophy, considers some aspects of an axiology. The theory of social values, according to the author, appears during an era of Antiquity and reaches a certain culmination in concepts of representatives of neokantian school who created culture philosophy as philosophy of values. Paying special attention to consideration of the theory of social values in Wilhelm Windelband's, Heinrich Rickert's and Nicolai Hartmann's works, objective and idealistic character of their theory of social values is emphasized. However in concepts of a neokantianstvo concepts of values were developed most deeply and originally. The methodology of research is connected with application of a comparative-historical way of research. The categorial and conceptual analysis of values is applied, the dialectic principle of unity of historical and logical development is used. Novelty of research is that the theory of social values is considered by means of interdisciplinary approach where conceptual and methodological opportunities of various branches of social knowledge unite: philosophies, anthropology, cultural science. The main conclusion is connected with that the principle of unity of sociocultural space and values is actual and demanded for modern Russian outlook, for development of technologies of formation of positive Russian cultural identity.