Abstract: The research object is the peculiarities of agricultural sector of the USA and the tendencies of its development. The research subject is the analysis of agricultural fairs in the USA, the peculiarities of their organization, history and the way they promote the development of the country’s agricultural sector. The author analyzes the selected materials to find the features which can be effectively used in the Russian agricultural sector. Special attention is given to the fact that the American agriculture creates useful guidelines for the social politics and the development of power industry and culture. The research method applied in the study can be defined as comparative-analytical. The author analyzes the set of resources in English and some Internet resources. The author concludes that the USA’s example shows that in the 21st century, agriculture becomes a highly civilized type of activity contributing to social and cultural development and the development of modern technologies. America’s experience in the field of agriculture can be highly useful for the development of farm agriculture in Russia.
 

Abstract: The subject of this research is the intensification of civic potential of humanitarian content of the Russian school curriculum for the purpose of orienting the formation of youth mentality during school years towards the national values. The object of this research are the following disciplines: Russian language, literature, history, social studies, ecological cycle including zoology and botany, world artistic culture, and physical education. The author examines the parts of curriculum, which can be expanded due to implementation of information of the Russian national content. The main goal of the proposed project consists in consolidation of the national values in students’ mentality. Developed by the author course of the “Russian folk aesthetics” for the university students of philological faculty that was lecture for 20 years, preceded the writing of this article. The author concludes that after Perestroika and the collapse of Soviet Union, the Russian ethnos that comprised the majority of Russia’s population, also required centralizing around the ethnic concept, due to the fact that during the Soviet period the development of Russian people was rather internationalized. The author discovers new opportunities for inter-confessional dialogue with other nations that populate Russia, but in this case, without the “featureless big brother” (Russian people), but the multiple and diverse Russian ethnos.

Abstract: The object of this article is the historical knowledge and modern information and social requirements towards its quality and content. The author determines the three spheres of historical knowledge: Russian history as part of knowledge in human life; Russian history within the system of education, specifically in secondary educational professional institutions and high school; academic historical research. Brief characteristic is given to the interconnection between these three spheres of knowledge on the national history. The subject of this work is the improvement of educational process on national history in the secondary schools. The scientific novelty of the conducted research consists in the increase of social importance of teaching the national history, as well as impact of the Russian history as an educational discipline upon the establishment of political culture. Teaching the Russian history faces relevant tasks of civil upbringing. The author suggest expanding the educational materials on national history.

Abstract: The object of this research is the historical moods that can be captured and sensed in various forms of the Russian traditional culture, mostly in storytelling and folk songs. Sorrow and joy are the two opposite historical moods, multipliable in their variations. The context of the Russian traditional culture is aimed at mass historical consciousness in presentation and capturing of the events and personalities. The research rises a question: how the mentality of the Russian traditional population was affected by the lengthy serfdom; how does the folk culture reflect the living conditions of the people during serfdom; is serfdom is the only primary cause of the polarity of historical mentality of the collective consciousness. The methodology of this research refers to the use of the archive source of Kursk governorate, because it contains bright illustrations regarding the existence of the serfdom. This article is a part of the author’s thesis – “The Specificity of Historical Method in Perception of Personalities and Events within the Russian Traditional Folk Culture”. The historical content of the Russian traditional culture is notable by the fact that it is based on the people’s collective consciousness, which was applied during the different historical periods, in other words, sorrow and joy travel through centuries with the flow of history.

Abstract: The object of the present research is the fragments of American criminal investigation technique to be compared by Russian specialists. The subject of the research is the method of criminal investigation, particularly interrogations, in American criminal practice. Special attention has been paid to false confessions and the reasons leading to them. They may be due to professional competence of investigators, criminal personality, close and distant criminal surroundings and the use of the data and information in court. The author considers the role of language in criminal investigation in detail. American criminal reality has special characteristics such as multi-ethnicity, high percent of coloured population sometimes with historic aggrevation, a lot of immigrants. These factors cause rather stern criminal policy in US that may be useful for Russian criminal reality. The methods of research included listening to the lectures of the on-line course from Pennsylvania University by Dr Tim R. Robicheaux, studying examples of criminal cases, doing quizes. The main conclusion is that the material of the article can be useful both for making criminal investigation more tense and objective and for crime prevention. Language manipulation may be a strong criminal instrument in addition to facts, still language leads to discovering facts. The author's goal was to emphasize the role of language manipulation during investigations taking into account American experience and creating prospects for Russian experts in criminology. 

Abstract: The subject of the research is erroneous judgements in American judicial practice that were massively represented during the online course of the University of Pennsylvania. The objective of the research is to provide a critical analysis of American criminology for international cooperation and exchange with Russian criminologists. Special attention is paid to the analysis of erroneous evidence of witnesses, questions of criminological psychology, and review of the basic terms related to dealing with witnesses in American criminological practice. The author emphasizes the importance of social consequences of erroneous judgements. The research method used by the author is the analysis of the University of Pennsylvania's online course 'Proved Innocent: Erroneous Judgements', T. Robichaud's lectures as well as lectures of other American experts who have been invited to participate in the course, tests and assignments. The scientific novelty of the article is caused by the fact that the author analyzes the quality of services rendered by criminological agencies as well as adjudication of the aforesaid cases which contribute to crime prevention, establishes more distinct limits between criminological elements and society. According to the author, cooperation of investigators from different countries in the process of international crime detection requires exchange of experience and skills which leads to a successful investigation. 

Abstract: The subject of this research is postgraduate education presented by doctorate and postgraduate studies, while the object is to distinguish the difference between the intensive postgraduate education that serves the educational process in the higher school and secondary professional education, and the development of the scientific knowledge that gives new ideas to the life practice. The relevance of the reviewed problems falls onto the advancement of the information process. The established system of postgraduate education exceeded the information volume required for the progression of science, thus it results in the Higher Attestation Commission’s reduction measures concerning the postgraduate education. The main conclusion consists in determination of the two ways of development of postgraduate education: for the more intensive cognition of the selected specialty, and for the advancement and promotion of the new ideas. The scientific novelty lies in the proposition to divide the postgraduate education into two levels: namely scientific (where the new scientific ideas are being developed), and the postgraduate education for educational process on the higher and secondary educational facilities.

Abstract: The object of the present research is the narrative functions of the forms of Russian traditional folklore culture, most of all, oral forms and vocal art. The subject of the research is the historical content of the narrative aspect of Russian traditional folklore culture. The purpose of the article is to present the historical content of Russian folklore culture as an additional historical discipline among other supporting historical disciplines such as genealogy, toponymy, heraldry etc. Historical content, kept in traditional culture, helps to make teaching Russian history more illusrative, besides learners are proposed to choose details and facts, present in folk tales and legends, folk songs and other forms of traditional culture and build up historic texts themselves, hence it is just the beginning of research approach to historic information. Russian foklore culture is represented as a historical text. Emelian Pugachev's revolt is given as the case study. Under contemporary educational process, strongly dependent on internet resources, this approach to collect details of historic facts in forms of traditional culture is very cognitively activating, because historic knowledge itself is vertical not horizontal. The novelty of the research is caused by the fact that the author views Russian folklore as a historical text represented in the nation's collective consciousness. The new scientific approach implies a new research method. History, kept in forms of folk culture, presents mass historic conscience, polished through a lot of various opinions and confirmed in the course of history pacing. Folk culture is the treasury of historic moods that accompanied events, it follows the 'iceberg' principle: little is on the surface and much is to be discovered and guessed. 

Abstract: The author of the article targets to analyse to what extent human language corresponds to the moral status of a personality, partly from the viewpoint of Giambattista Vico and further on prolonged by the author: “philosophy is empty without philology, and philology is blind without philosophy”. This standpoint determined the tasks in the research: how fully a man can and wishes to realise moral principles with language−where is insufficiency concealed, how can one’s industry to perfect the use of language help a man to upbring oneself morally; when superficial and deep is the language in presenting moral principles. The problem that has caught the author’s attention is how intentionally and accidentally does the language build moral vectors. To confirm her conclusions the author has used a theoretical method comparing viewpoints of various thinkers, culturological approach referring to Russian and foreign literary sources, and practical approach with analysis of professional and everyday relations. The methods of research are based on interdisciplinary backgrounding that is the author presents dialogue of philosophy with philology, psychology, pedagogics, sociology and culturology. The methods used have given huge material and the author partly used it for the article. The conclusions made are supposed to raise moral level of human relations higher, cultivate culture of speech and to make social situation more favorable in general. Closer to reality, the results of the research can be used to understand political and social process and events, objective social vectors and their subjective vision, in professional ethics that in many ways determines our economy, and in everyday communication that influences social situation in general.

Abstract: Object of research is the concept "heroism" as philosophical and historical, in the basic, against welfare transformations of the 20th and 21st centuries in Russia. Reasonings proceed from a dichotomy: death and celebration of life. An object of research is the historical road of heroism in the Russian national history. The author asks a question how to use the concept "heroism" of education. An object of research are the secular and religious forms of imprinting of courage and courage, the word and phrase of Russian conveying and settling meaning of heroism. In research the historical and chronicle method, literary and art, ethnic, social and political, and also religious and secular approaches was used. In research has been applied auxiliary historical дисциплина−фалеристика. The main conclusions of the conducted research is allocation of a timeless component in concept of heroism, generally in religious approach which is less inclined to historical variability of views and opinions. In article the attention to transformation of interpretation of historical maintenance of feats through history is also paid. The author's conclusion is actual that in a modern social situation of Russia the concept "heroism" seeks to take the place of worthy social value. Modern line of this concept − tendency to life, but not aspiration to death is noted. 

Abstract: Axiological, cultural, social and economic traits, merits and drawbacks of various professions are compared with the aim of their tribute into positive and negative anthropological development. A special attention is paid to contradictions in life-providing potential of professions. Esthetic image of jobs and professions is related to actors’ mastership. Nowadays, on the contemporary level of human labor activity, there grows a necessity to “play’ one’s profession, that is to build “an esthetic canal” to realize and transport one’s professional abilities. This tendency strengthens economic and social status of professions. The article paves the way to a new branch of research–anthropological praxiology which sets problems of human development in respect to labor differently as do sociology, economic theories, culturology and classic praxiology and anthropology.

Abstract: The article deals with the most common issues of Russian modern education: social, cultural and financial competence of a teacher, quality of learning at different stages of education, objective assessment, pragmatic aspect, information difficulties of growing system of education, dialogue between civil and religious educations and their fruitful interaction. The article also studies efficiency of testing and ways to improve relations between teachers and students. First-year students from the Russian State University for the Humanities and students of different years from the Sholokhov Moscow State University for Humanities particpated in the research. Special attention was paid at information difficulties of modern education,  differentiation between syllabus and curriculum, on one hand, and a need to comply to common standards, on the other hand. Readers do not have to share the author's opinion, they should try and develop their own solutions of the aforesaid problems. The discussion is mostly focused on higher education.