Abstract: This article examines the issues of cyber threats and cyberterrorism. The explanation for this phenomenon is the dynamic information-communication development of the modern society. The article examines the factors that gave rise to cyberterrorism. A special attention is given to the so-called hacktivists – those who commit acts of cyberterrorism without financial gain, but rather to support their political ideas; a number of specific examples of hacktivist activity are being presented. As a result, the governments today are forced to concentrate harder about creation of a cyber shield to ensure information safety. Among the main conclusions the author substantiates the need to place cyber security as the corner stone of every nation. To ensure information and cyber security and counteract these threads, the author recommends forming cyber forces based on scientific brigades.

Abstract: Politically opinionated hackers were activated due to the tension in the political situation in Ukraine.  The author studied the activities of the hacktivists in the process of opposition between the West and Russia. In the Internet community the actions of computer hackers are more and more often of political character, and they may serve as significant means of influence upon the information processes for the purposes of political extremists and informational political raiders. It is very important for the information guarantees of national security to take into account the possible "cyber-warfare" threats, if the "cyber-terrorist" groups controlled by the intelligence services or extremist organizations of various types.  The methodological basis for the studies  are predefined both by its character and by the conceptual approach and scientific position of the author. Special attention is paid to the content analysis of the mass media. The defining research principles include objectivity, systemic character, comprehensive study, historicism.  The means of information opposition in political conflicts and local wars exist and they actively used and the real threats of cyber-wars arise.

Abstract: The article describes the author's approach to the process of modernization of a modern society  based on Internet technologies. The author describes several practical and theoretical approaches to studying Internet modernization in a newly created information society, analyzes the results of the research of political modernization and proves the basis for researching the processes of political Internet modernization.