Abstract: Previously psychoanalysis mostly dealt with the analysis of famous myths and legends. However, analysis of fairy-tale characters give as much information about cultural and social development of this or that historical period, too. Fairy-tales about Koschei the Immortal reflect the symbolic struggle between a father and a son for a woman, different types of families (matriarchy and patriarchy) and social relationships. Koschei is the image of the authoritarian father, patriarchy and greed and he is conquered by Ivan Tsarevich who symbolizes one of the rebellious sons, matriarchy and social justice. The fairy-tale also reflects the spheres where the main heroes interact in their psychic reality: the world of the dead symbolizes the unconscious part of the psyche and the living world reflects the consciousness. Koschei the Immortal is the synthesized image of different kinds of Serpents in fairy-tales. All of them symbolize anti-social features of patriarchal totemism. Ivan Tsarevich gets rid of the unconscious psychic influence of the authoritarian ancestor and repeats the process of the delivery of a child by breaking the needle that symbolizes the male genetics.