Abstract: Conservation of natural resources and rational use of natural resources is a priority within the framework of the National Security Strategy. In recent years, there has been an alarming trend towards an increase in poaching, especially in regions with a low level of economy and particularly rich natural resources. This article provides a historical sketch of the development of legal norms governing hunting issues and an analysis of modern legislation in the field of hunting. The review of judicial practice of bringing persons to responsibility for illegal hunting is given. A number of preventive methods to combat this crime are also being introduced. Thus, the problem of preventing illegal hunting is complex and requires an integrated approach when studying it. The subject of this work is the analysis and coverage of the history of the emergence and development of hunting legislation. Namely, its applied significance, which became the basis for the design of legal relations in this area. The research is based on general scientific and private scientific methods of cognition, which made it possible to analyze and synthesize knowledge about the evolution of hunting legislation. The method of comparative historical jurisprudence made it possible to determine the nature of legal relations in various periods, starting from Ancient Russia. Previously, the legislation regulating relations regarding hunting resources was of an economic nature and regulated contractual relations in order to obtain benefits. Currently, a large block of legislation is devoted to the rules for the use of hunting resources in order to preserve them, increase them and preserve their role in maintaining the stability of ecosystems. During the analysis, a number of modern acts were examined, which allowed us to draw the following conclusions: today it is advisable to update strategies to combat illegal hunting. It requires significant financial, human and time resources. In addition to the revision of hunting legislation, it is necessary to use new technologies for monitoring and protecting wildlife, as well as active cooperation between various levels and areas of public authority. And also to convey the importance of protecting natural resources, including the protection of wildlife, to the legal consciousness of citizens.