Abstract: The subject of this article is the concept of "evil" in the linguistic worldviews of three different cultures – Russian, French and Chinese. As part of the contrastive analysis, the authors study and compare various aspects of this concept, while using a well-defined algorithm. The study covers the etymology of the word in each of the languages, mythological roots, as well as its compatibility with other lexical units. Special attention is paid to the allocation of material connotation, as proposed by V. A. Uspensky, and the comparison of dictionary definitions. The main purpose of the work is to identify the unique and common features of the concept of "evil" in the semantic fields of these cultures, which allows for a better understanding of the ideological specifics of the Russian, French and Chinese peoples. The scientific methods of research are : the comparative historical method, the method of generalization, the method of semantic analysis.
This topic is poorly studied and relevant, because there were no early linguistic and cultural studies of the West-Russia-East coverage analyzing this concept in Russian, French and Chinese languages and cultures, which is the scientific novelty of the work. The findings of the study emphasize the diversity of perception and representation of the concept of "evil" in different cultures. In Russian, evil is the antonym of good, it is embodied and animated in the form of a hostile principle, against which a person actively fights. In French, "mal" originally had a religious meaning associated with the devil, but in modern language the emphasis has shifted to the meanings of "pain" and "illness". At the same time, the fight against evil is more evident in philosophical and religious contexts than in everyday life. In Chinese culture, the roots of the concept of "恶" are associated with ancient ideas about ancestral spirits and are opposed to goodness through associations with dirt, diseases and weeds. In addition, the influence of Christianity during the late Qing Dynasty was reflected in the perception of sin in modern Chinese.

Abstract: The author examines the idea of "occurrence" in two linguistic pictures of the world - Russian and Chinese. The study is comparative. The description of each idea is made according to a clear algorithm: the etymology of the word, the mythological roots of the concept, its compatibility, a comparison of dictionary definitions is made. The aim of the study is to identify the peculiarities of the idea of "occurrence" in the Russian and Chinese languages. The purpose of the comparison is to see the similarities and differences in the worldview of different nations. Scientific methods of research are: comparative-historical method, method of generalization, method of semantic analysis. This topic is understudied, no linguocultural studies analyzing this idea in Russian and Chinese culture have been observed earlier, which constitutes the scientific novelty of the work. The results will contribute to mutual understanding between peoples, forming a kind of conceptual bridge, and will also be used in courses on regional studies, comparative studies of cultures, and in the teaching of the respective languages.

Abstract: The article examines the idea of "luck" in two linguistic worldviews – Russian and Chinese. The research is comapartive, two linguocultures are compared. The description of each concept follows a clear algorithm: the etymology of the word is studied, the mythological roots of the idea are explored, its collocations are analyzed, and the material connotation, following V. A. Uspensky, is extracted from these collocations. This is followed by a comparison of dictionary definitions. The goal of the research is to identify the features of how this idea is represented in different cultures using the semantic field of the concept "luck" in Russian and Chinese languages. The comparison is aimed at revealing the similarities and differences in the worldview of different peoples. The scientific methods employed in this research include the comparative-historical method, the method of generalization, and the method of semantic analysis. It is important to note that this topic is considered underexplored, and previously, there have been no linguocultural studies that comprehensively analyze this idea within the context of Russian and Chinese cultures. This makes the research scientifically innovative. The results obtained from this research will significantly contribute to mutual understanding among nations and can be seen as a kind of conceptual bridge promoting better mutual understanding between representatives of different cultures. Furthermore, the findings can be useful in the development of courses in regional studies, comparative cultural studies, and in the teaching of relevant languages. Thus, this research has a wide range of applications in both scientific and educational fields.