Abstract: Competition is an important factor stimulating economic growth and development, as well as improving the quality of goods and services. Protection of competition is one of the basic principles of modern states. The legislation of the Russian Federation provides not only administrative, but also criminal liability (with an increased preventive role) for restricting competition (Article 178 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation). At the same time, there are serious problems associated with bringing the perpetrators to justice. Among such problems is the lack of a unified approach to determining income from the conclusion of such agreements. In this paper, existing approaches to determining the income extracted by participants in anti-competitive agreements will be considered, and the approach outlined by the Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation in its Resolution №19-P of 19.04.2023 will also be analyzed.