Abstract: The subject of the research is self-esteem of teenagers who study at rural and country schools. The object of the research is self-awareness. The hypothesis of the research is the following. Based on the assumption that self-esteem of teenagers who study at country schools is different from that of teenagers who study at rural schools, the authors suspect that the most significant difference is their self-awareness, and rural school students have higher levels of self-awareness and reflection. The theoretical basis of the research is general theoretical researches of foreign and Russian scientists on such problems as personality development, self-awareness and development of self-esteem, psychological features of teenagers and self-esteem of teenagers. In the course of their research the authors used the following methods: theoretical, psychodiagnostic methods, qualitative and quantitative analysis, interpretation, methods of mathematical statistics (Mann–Whitney U test, F-test, and factor analysis). The novelty of the research is caused by the fact that the authors discover the most significant differences in self-awareness of teenagers woh study at rural and country schools. Rural school students have higher levels of developed self-awareness and reflection. Significant differences were discovered in such scales as Openness, Self-Confidence, Self-Guidance, Self-Value, Selff-Attachment, and Self-Accusation. Self-esteem of rural teenagers depend on the degree of openness and self-awareness of their Self as well as the feeling of attachment to their Self. Their negative self-esteem and self-attitude are caused by internal debates and doubts in their bilities. Self-esteem of country teenagers depend on opinions of their surroundings. Their positive self-esteem is based on being interested in their own Self and their negative self-attitude and self-esteem are usually caused by the lack of sympathy from others.