Abstract: The Arctic, as an object of modern attention, is a center of attraction not only for Arctic and near-Arctic countries, but also for countries that are located at a fairly remote distance from the Northern Hemisphere. The high interest in the development of the Arctic is caused by geopolitical, economic and other factors. In these conditions, the Arctic becomes a zone of intersection of interests of many countries. The activation and expansion of the economic activity of previously existing and new players in the Arctic can pose both real and potential threats, as well as potential, a new round on the way to improving the level of national security of the Russian Federation in the Arctic region. In this regard, the analysis of foreign Arctic strategies and the study of foreign experience in the development of the Arctic is relevant. The purpose of the work is to analyze the Arctic strategies of the United States, Canada, China, and India for compliance of their national interests with the regional (Arctic) and search for opportunities to use their best practices to ensure sustainable development in Russia. The subject of the study is the mechanisms of management of the development of Arctic and near-Arctic territories. The methodological basis of this study is a systematic, comparative analysis, methods of synthesis, induction and deduction. It is revealed that the models of the policy of supporting the sustainable development of the Arctic of the countries of the North American continent demonstrate ambiguous effectiveness of their implementation. It is shown that the great prospects for supporting the sustainable development of the Arctic contain the emerging and developing models of the state Arctic policy of China and India.

Abstract: In the context of the global trend of digital transformation of industry, the formation of digital spaces is one of the important tasks of business and national economies. The diversity of forms of digital spaces in modern industry has led to the need for their theoretical ordering, structuring and classification in order to create conditions for the most correct choice of the form of its implementation in practice. The purpose of this work is to solve the problem of choosing the optimal form of organizing the digital space to increase the security of business development and the national economy. The object of the study is the process of digital transformation of the modern economy and industry. The subject of the study is the forms of organization of digital spaces in modern industry. The analysis of the forms of organization of digital spaces indicates their diversity and complexity. It is shown how the organization of a digital space suitable for business increases the efficiency of its functioning. Special attention is paid to the analysis of the consequences of the transition to a digital business model. It is established that the choice of the form of organization of the digital space returns to the peculiarities of business functioning. One of the main criteria for choosing the form of organization of the digital space is how the business operates: independently or within the value chain. It is shown that one of the consequences of the trend of progressive growth of digital data flows between different subjects of different levels is the emergence and aggravation of imbalances in their digital spaces. In these conditions, the participation of the state is necessary to ensure the security of business development and the national economy.