Abstract: The research subject of this article is the texts of folklore and literary works of the late 19th to the early 20th centuries, dedicated to the issue of alcohol consumption. The research was conducted using historical-cultural and comparative-historical methods. The scientific novelty of the work lies in the authors’ attempt to comprehensively study the problem of alcohol in folklore and written literary works of the pre-revolutionary period. The study examines the initial instances of critical understanding of alcohol consumption in Yakut society, as expressed in oral and written literary traditions of the people. In their analysis of the texts, the authors explored previously undiscovered archival documents. They conclude that, starting from the late 19th century, “songs about vodka” emerged in Yakut folklore, addressing the issues of alcohol consumption and explaining the harmful effects of alcoholic beverages to the population. The article acknowledges the contribution of folk singers who, alongside intelligentsia, initiated efforts the combat excessive drinking in Yakutia.
In the 1910s, A.E. Kulakovsky, the founder of Yakut literature, authored two works addressing the problem of alcoholism. These were the first works in Yakut literature presented in the form of literary genres: a short poem and a narrative poem with a clearly expressed and developing plot, and a well-balanced composition. While folk singers raised awareness of the issue of drinking in their songs and portrayed its harmful effects on individuals, Kulakovsky, recognizing alcoholism as a potential national threat, vividely illustrated the potential consequences of alcohol addiction and its destructive impact on people's lives. A.E. Kulakovsky, as an educator, public figure, and spiritual leader of the nation, endeavored through his creative work to caution his people against excessive alcohol consumption.

Abstract: The subject of this research is the theme of the mission of poet and poetry in works of the pioneer of Yakut lyrics A. I. Sofronov-Alampa. The goal of this article consists in comprehensive analysis of the image of poet in his lyrics. The theme of poet and poetry is traced throughout his artistic journey. Alampa’s poetic heritage features 43 compositions on this topic, which is 12.6% of all his poems. It is noted that the aesthetic views and principles of Alampa were formed under the influence of the poetry of A. Pushkin and M. Lermontov. Reminiscences, constant references to the image of Prophet allow concluding that adoption of traditions of the classics led the poet to portraying the image of the Creator – a mediator between the divine powers and a human. However, the poet took a different approach towards this matter, through the “prism of the spiritual heritage of his nation”, and introduced into his native literature the image of Shaman as the higher force possessing the power of healing and word. Reflecting on the genesis of nature and poetic talent, Alampa refers to the founder of Yakut literature Alexey Kulakovsky as the Shaman – a Creator from God. But first of all, the Shaman at Alampa is a benevolent person – Algyschyt, who heals the wounded and lost souls with power of the word, and guides to the path of happiness. Sofronov grants a special mission and higher purpose to the Shaman-poet – “touch the hearts of the people with the word”.  The scientific novelty consists in the attempts to examine the image of poet in the lyrics of Alampa.

Abstract: The subject of this research is examination of the development of Yakut fiction literature on the pages of the magazine “Sakha Sangata – “Voice of the Yakut” (1912-1913). The material for this study became the articles published in this magazine. The goal consists in determination of the role of magazine as an initiator of the Yakut fiction literature. Historiography of the question demonstrates that the magazine played an enormous role in education and growth of national self-consciousness of the Yakuts, as well as development of the sociopolitical and cultural life. The works of the founders of Yakut literature A. Kulakovsky, A. Safronov, V. Nikiforov and A. Gavrilov, who published their first articles in the magazine, had a great impact upon the rebound of public thought, and marked the conception of literary tradition in culture of the ethnos. The theoretical-methodological framework became the cultural-historical method, which views the conception of national culture as a product of social life and cultural-historical conditions in Yakutia of the XX century. As a results of comprehensive analysis of the materials in their genre development, it is determined that the literary principles of original publicistic writing have formed on the pages of first secular magazine, as well as the transition  from the folklore tradition towards the authorial written literature has taken place. The novelty lies in the comprehensive analysis of folklore and literary texts for revealing patterns the development of fiction literature. The conclusion is formulated that the launch of the magazine “Sakha Sangata” indicated the actual history of the Yakut literary lore, the moment that the national literature took the path of progressive development.