Abstract: The subject of this research is the analysis of theoretical approaches to structuring the conceptual model of empirical study on the impact of the religious values of Muslim and Orthodox youth upon their attitude towards starting a family and marriage. The authors determine the types of youth based on their attitude towards family and marriage that demonstrate the character of influence of religiousness upon the value orientation of youth in modern Russia. Sociological studies signify the decrease of religiousness worldwide, however, it continuous to play an important role in the society. A number of research demonstrated that the decrease in the level of religiousness (adherence to religious norms); modernization of the religious traditions (multifacetedness of individual religious combinations; weakening of the organized belief systems, religious migrations, individualization of religion), which substantiates the relevance of this topic. The research was conducted at the Faculty of Sociology of M. V. Lomonosov Moscow State University; the respondents, total of 500 people, identified themselves as Muslims (240) or Orthodox (260), their age varied from 17 to 30. The questionnaire contained the open-ended and close-ended questions. Based on the analysis of empirical data, the authors traced the character of changes in value orientation with regards to family and marriage depending on the level of religiousness, the role of internal and external factors of social environment; as well as revealed the mechanism of their influence. The authors define the importance of youth religiousness as a factor of formation of their attitude towards family and marriage, as well as build the probability model of its formation.