Abstract: The article is aimed at covering a number of issues in the field of legal regulation of innovative medical technologies based on intervention in the human genome and cloning (therapeutic and reproductive) in the context of the provisions of international law (conventions, declarations, bilateral agreements). In this format, the author examines some international acts that have created a legal paradigm for regulating scientific research in the area under study, defining the boundaries of admissibility of the introduction of the designated achievements of modern science in clinical medicine, which are designed to act as an effective tool in the fight against severe hereditary diseases, etc., which potentially predetermines their demand. The author focuses on the issue of patentability of these biotechnologies. The study used such methods of scientific knowledge as: general scientific dialectical, formal-legal and comparative-legal methods. At the same time, the author proceeds from the subjective-objective nature of processes and phenomena, and their interconnectedness. The novelty of the study is determined by its purpose, subject and range of sources considered. Thus, the author examines the provisions of both regulatory acts and soft law acts, emphasizing the peculiarities of the legal nature of both. In this format, the author formulates the conclusion that the system of international principles and standards formed by the considered acts and documents does not contain an explicit permission to carry out scientific research in the considered field of biotechnology with subsequent commercialization of the results that can be patented as inventions, which leads to the need to create a national legal foundation by modern states wishing to advance in this area, mandatory for execution, as a result of which the legal map of the world acquires a rather mosaic character, when innovative biotechnologies are distributed in countries with legislation loyal to scientific research, which are, in fact, "scientific offshores".

Abstract: The subject of this research is the examination of legal perspective on the approaches towards regulation of artificial intelligence and robotic technologies in military sector of the Russian Federation, including in ensuring the protection of the results of intellectual activity of researchers and developers, as well as the analysis of law enforcement practice on the protection of intellectual property in the interests of the state. In this format, the author determines the key conditions for recognition of the results of intellectual activity of military, special, and dual purpose as protectable object in accordance with the effective civil legislation. Attention is given to the practical results of domestic military equipment development using the artificial intelligence systems. The scientific novelty consists in articulation of the problem and approaches towards its research. The conclusion is made wide use of artificial intelligence technologies in the sphere of ensuring national security, as well as regulation based on the technical approach, rather than legal, not only create advantages in the military context, but can also cause issues that must be resolved. Taking into account real achievements in legal regulation of the results of intellectual activity, including the theoretical component, the author ascertains the need for improvement of the legislative framework on both, federal level and bylaws, including for the purpose of achieving a uniform use of the conceptual-categorical apparatus.

Abstract: The subject of this research is multilateral international acts in the area of copyright that were joined by the BRICS countries – Berne Convention, Universal Copyright Convention, TRIPS Agreement, etc., as well as bilateral agreements between the governments of Russia and Brazil in 2007, Russia and India in 1994, Russia and China in 1992, Russia and South Africa in 2014, which regulate different legal aspects of realization of joint scientific and technological activity, namely in the sphere of medicine. Attention is focused on the problematic moments associated with the spread of copyright regime upon certain objects of medical activity. The scientific novelty of this work consists in articulation of the problem and approaches to its research. The authors comes to the conclusion that the BRICS countries have formed a sufficient international legal system for the protection of copyrights with one, but serious flaw substantiated by the refusal of India and Brazil to join the Agreement of World Intellectual Property Organization. Proliferation of scientific information through the Internet requires more stringent regulation on the international level, since it inflicts substantial damage to the authors of scientific works.

Abstract: The subject of this research is the questions of providing certain legal guarantees to foreign investors, reflected in the provisions of national legislation considering its recent amendments, as well as the texts of bilateral intergovernmental agreements via example of Russia and China. The authors focuses attention on such guarantees as the guarantee for compensation in terms of expropriation (nationalization) of the property of foreign investor; transfer of payments related to realization of investment activity; insurance of noncommercial risks (of political nature) in the activity of foreign investors; stabilization clause, etc. The scientific novelty consists in the comparative-legal study of peculiarities of the content of legal guarantees provided to the foreign investors in Russia and China. The author comes to a conclusion that the approaches of a legislator towards the content of legal guarantees at the national level have certain variances, while the provisions of intergovernmental agreement between Russia and China of 2006 secures all of the fundamental state guarantees for the foreign investors that carry financial and political character.

Abstract: The subject of this research is the questions of providing certain legal guarantees to foreign investors, reflected in the provisions of national legislation considering its recent amendments, as well as the texts of bilateral intergovernmental agreements via example of Russia and China. The authors focuses attention on such guarantees as the guarantee for compensation in terms of expropriation (nationalization) of the property of foreign investor; transfer of payments related to realization of investment activity; insurance of noncommercial risks (of political nature) in the activity of foreign investors; stabilization clause, etc. The scientific novelty consists in the comparative-legal study of peculiarities of the content of legal guarantees provided to the foreign investors in Russia and China. The author comes to a conclusion that the approaches of a legislator towards the content of legal guarantees at the national level have certain variances, while the provisions of intergovernmental agreement between Russia and China of 2006 secures all of the fundamental state guarantees for the foreign investors that carry financial and political character.

Abstract: The subject this research is the questions of legal regulation and investment relations in BRICS member-states using the example of the Republic of South Africa, as well as key issues faced by the foreign investors in realization of various investment projects in this country. Proposed by the author comparative legal study covers certain aspects of the mechanism of admission of corporations with foreign investments to exploitation of mineral resources in South Africa, functioning of special economic zones, as well institutional structure involved in investments in this country. The scientific novelty consists in turning attention to the relevant questions of legal regulation of the investment relations in the conditions of reforms in the national investment legislation of South Africa, which became synonymous with the protectionist moods, justified by the state’s desire to overcome the Apartheid Regime, as well as preserve the country’s economic sovereignty.

Abstract: The subject this research is the questions of legal regulation and investment relations in BRICS member-states using the example of the Republic of South Africa, as well as key issues faced by the foreign investors in realization of various investment projects in this country. Proposed by the author comparative legal study covers certain aspects of the mechanism of admission of corporations with foreign investments to exploitation of mineral resources in South Africa, functioning of special economic zones, as well institutional structure involved in investments in this country. The scientific novelty consists in turning attention to the relevant questions of legal regulation of the investment relations in the conditions of reforms in the national investment legislation of South Africa, which became synonymous with the protectionist moods, justified by the state’s desire to overcome the Apartheid Regime, as well as preserve the country’s economic sovereignty.