Abstract: The article describes the results of researching problems of railway transport security. The authors of the article describe the main groups of risks, threats and structural vulnerabilities of railway transport infrastructure facilities. The authors also describe the results of developing methods of modeling and analysis of emergency situations at railway transport infrastructure facilities based on the theory of graphs, structural components and communication matrices. The authors offer models of prevention of emergency situations and incidents by using the indicative approach. The authors provide theoretical description and results of their experimental approbation proving these methods and models to be effective. The authors analyze examples of formulation and solution of multi-objective problems of optimical allocation of indicators in the structure of complex technical systems based on the criteria of plentitude, accuracy and good timing of discovering failures or errors. Taking into account high computational complexity, it is recommended to use a combination of different approximate algorithms to solve these problems. These algorithms either frame solutions based on particular criteria or modify locations of indicators that were previously set based on the other efficiency criteria. The authors describe how this method can be used to complete tasks of establishing technogenic security at railway transport infrastructure facilities.