Abstract: The author of the article explores the reasons of Latin American States' interest in participation in the Chinese "One Belt, One Road" Initiative. The author reveals the existing and perspective ways of interaction within the joint implementation of the initiative.  The object of the study is the "One Belt, One Road" initiative as a platform for strengthening and expanding international cooperation in the field of modern international relations. Latin American States are an integral part of the initiative proposed by the Chinese side. The subject of the research is the existing and future directions of cooperation within the framework of the studied project, the main objectives of interaction. The methodological basis of the study is a principle of historicism due to which the author managed to determine the importance of revival of the Great Silk Road for China. The author has carried out a problem-historical analysis in view of the fact that the problems stated in the article refer to modernity. According to the author, the relevance of participation of Latin American States in the "One Belt, One Road" project is conditioned by an increasing role of the People's Republic of China in the international arena, active participation of the state in current international problems. China has also initiated the resolution of a number of international issues.  Latin America is a very colorful region, ethnically diverse, the vast majority of the continent's States are developing a strategic partnership with the People's Republic of China. The scientific novelty of the study lies in identification of the new opportunities for strengthening cooperation and effective implementation of the initiative. The author will determine the reasons for the parties ' interest in each other. The author comes to the conclusion that China will continue to invest in Latin American countries due to its interest in cooperation.