Abstract: The subject of this research is problems of organization and accounting of costs of agricultural enterprises taken in the context of current research and developments in the area of accounting and analytical systems. The objects of the research are the system of cost accounting for the purpose of effective managerial decision-making and budgeting process in the face of economic uncertainty and entrepreneurial risk. The authors of the article also focus on consideration of the relevant and the most effective mechanisms of cost management for domestic agricultural enterprises. The methodological basis of the research involves the systems analysis that was used by the authors to investigate and describe the techniques of cost accounting and budgeting at agricultural enterprises. The authors have also used synthesis methods, logic modeling, and planning. The novelty of the research is caused by the fact that the authors offer a generalization of the modern theory of accounting, cost accounting and budgeting in the context of plant industry enterprises. In particular, the authors propose the following: the diagram information flows model of cost accounting of agricultural enterprises; models of cost accounting for the purpose of effective managerial decision-making; and structure of the consolidated budget of the agricultural enterprise.