Abstract: The subject of the research is the resourceful and deficiency features of the internal picture of the disease in terms of psychological well-being (attitude to the disease, manifestations of anxiety and depression, basic strategies of cognitive regulation, quality of life, basic beliefs, psychological well-being, resilience) typical for patients, in particular, patients, with Parkinson's disease ( G20), multiple sclerosis (G35), spinal osteochondrosis (M42), stroke consequences (I67), dizziness and instability (R42). The rationale of the research is determined by the increase in the frequency and severity of neurological pathology. Thus, the resourceful and deficient features of the internal picture of the disease in terms of psychological security can serve as targets of psychological interventions for specific groups of patients with neurological pathology. In their research the authors have used the following tests and methods: anamnestic survey, Attitude to Disease Inventory, Mini-Mental State Examination, Cognitive Ideas about the Disease Questionnaire, SF-36 Health Survey, World Assumptions Scale, Psychological Well-Being Scale, Viabiilty Test, and methods of mathematical statistics. It was determined that all groups of patients with neurological pathology have experienced the lack of physical abilities during physical exercise as well as the lack of independence during attempts to make independent decisions. Despite the active avoidance of thoughts about the disease and consequences, anosognosia helps patients to concentrate on the positive aspects of life which leads to adaptation to the situation of the disease. Indifference to fate and results of treatment has negative consequences in terms of successful predictions of interventions. For each group of patients, resourceful and deficiency characteristics are identified that are most significant for the selection of targets for psychological interventions.