Abstract: In robotics complexes as in the living world, the main kind of sensation is vision. The first systems of technical (computer) vision used in the means of robotics copied the organs of vision of living organisms and have evolved in a following sequence: black and white monocular vision systems, color, stereoscopic and multi-angle systems with various options for hardware implementation. The article points out some aspects of the historical course of events in development of vision systems. The author analyses existing approaches to the implementation of vision systems in the tasks of robotics. The paper presents the formulation of the problem, describes the problems of designing vision systems and development of robotic complexes, shows modern ways of solving these problems. Methods of epistemology, epistemology and system analysis are applied. The issue of universal robotics in recent years is in the focus of research attention. There are many works devoted to this problem. However, the author decided to study this problem from different perspectives, applying not only philosophical and epistemological aspects, but also from the point of view of a systematic approach to the problem. A special contribution of the author in the study of the topic is the general systematization of the actual problems of introducing vision systems into robotic complexes and the definition of the main functions and purpose of such systems.

Abstract: In modern robotics a problem of development of systems, algorithms and methods of spatial orientation and navigation of robots remains one of the most urgent tasks. The article suggests an algorithm for the simulation of optical flow based on the dynamics of particle motion. Unlike conventional methods of calculation, the author focuses on those aspects of the decision problem of determining the optical flow as the use of methods of calculation of the Fourier series, taking into account elements of the laws of hydrodynamics. This allows considering the problem of determining optical flow with a different, newer perspective. Theoretical research methods are based on methods of digital image processing, pattern recognition, digital transformation and system analysis. Optical flow calculations in this problem are reduced to the determination of the displacement of each point of the frame. It allows constructing the velocity field of each particle of light, the envelope of the selected object. The research results are applicable in the field of modernization of management systems, monitoring and processing of the received picture and video to enhance the effectiveness of work performed by providing a more accurate vision. Therefore, the portability and autonomy of work robots is increased, which in turn may affect the economic component complexes and the use of robotic systems.

Abstract: An important to ensure the efficiency of the solar panels is to carry out periodic monitoring of tightness of connections and inspect their cleanliness. In order for solar cells to work more efficiently the authors suggest use of intelligent monitoring and measurement system. This article presents the development of a scalable system of energy-efficient mechatronic devices with an intelligent control system. Development refers to computer engineering and can be used in services of highly reliable fault-tolerant integrated onboard control complexes in the energy sector and other fields requiring high reliability computing complex, while maintaining fault tolerance and hardware failures. As a means of decision-making when selecting development tools used by the analytic hierarchy process (AHP, Saaty method). The novelty of the research is to create a new system service software, the full adjustment of the system software of the automated collection and storage of information on observed parameters, visualization parameters of the four storages and solar converters, real time software updating, safeguarding the basic functionality of the system at the damage and loss of data and protection against emergencies. The purpose of this system is the management of solar panels in real-time automatic monitoring and analysis of the performance of solar panels.