Abstract: In the modern world one of the biggest problems with the forests of the African continent is deforestation. According to the latest research, Africa holds a second place in the world in deforestation. The problem of deforestation is being examined in combination with the consequences of climate change. The author focuses not only on the traditional approaches towards use of forest resources, but also legal regulation of rational use and sustainable development of forests. The author also explores the prospects of development of environmental tourism in a number of countries of the African continent. This work presents the analysis of the main causes for the mass deforestation and a significant decrease in the forestation of the African continent. Traditionally, the state of forest land is assessed on the example of the nations of Fennoscandia, Canada, and the United States. The author’s attempt to analyze the development of the forestry of Africa allows us to become familiar with the traditions and customs of the indigenous people, who use the forest for their everyday life, as well as allows us to evaluate the efficiency of the measures undertaken by the states of the African continent on rational use and sustainable development of the forests.                                                                                                          

Abstract: In the modern world one of the biggest problems with the forests of the African continent is deforestation. According to the latest research, Africa holds a second place in the world in deforestation. The problem of deforestation is being examined in combination with the consequences of climate change. The author focuses not only on the traditional approaches towards use of forest resources, but also legal regulation of rational use and sustainable development of forests. The author also explores the prospects of development of environmental tourism in a number of countries of the African continent. This work presents the analysis of the main causes for the mass deforestation and a significant decrease in the forestation of the African continent. Traditionally, the state of forest land is assessed on the example of the nations of Fennoscandia, Canada, and the United States. The author’s attempt to analyze the development of the forestry of Africa allows us to become familiar with the traditions and customs of the indigenous people, who use the forest for their everyday life, as well as allows us to evaluate the efficiency of the measures undertaken by the states of the African continent on rational use and sustainable development of the forests.                                                                                                          

Abstract: The article concerns specific features of land relations in Iceland, Norway, Findland and Sweden presented via the analysis of the legislative norms on registration of titles to land, and comparative analysis of types of titles and rights to land. Additionally, attention is paid to the land use categories with due regard to the specificities and main characteristic features of the Scandinavian states. Additionally to the analysis of legislative norms of the said states, the article presents materials on the size of their territory and structure of land funds, as well as the tendencies of development of the proprietary rights in Fennoscandian states.  Denmark, Iceland, Norway and Sweden are traditionally recognized as Scandinavian states. Finland is not a Scandinavian state due to its geographic situation outside the Scandinavian peninsula and its language, however, attention is paid to the land relations in Finland, since this state is traditionally regarded as being part of the Scandinavian economic and cultural territory. Based upon the analysis of legislative norms of such Scandinavian states as Iceland, Norway, Finland and Sweden, the author analyzes the institution of proprietary rights to the land plots.  The author also discusses the main tendencies of development of the land legislation of the above-mentioned states. It is typical for all of these states that the rules for certain types of land use are regulated by the sources, which also regulate the relevant types of activity, and it is noted that the system of such sources is unique for each of these states due to their international economic specialization and traditions in the use of land resources.

Abstract: The article is devoted to the detailed analysis of the policy of the European Union in the sphere of forest protection. The author analyzes the key administration mechanisms and legislative acts of the EU Member States in this sphere.  She includes typology of forests in accordance with the normative legal acts of some European states, as well as analysis of their role in environmental and climatic balance in Europe. The author also analyzes seven information levels regarding forest resources, which exist in the European Union.