Abstract: CIS countries typically demonstrate a rather low level of R&D/GDP intensity and low share of expenditures for science, low development of hightech economic sector and negative saldo of the trade balance in relation to innovative products. At the same time, problems of transnational integration in the sphere of innovation within the Union State started to attract interest of researchers at the turn of the 2011 - 2012. One of research aspects is the need to develop efficient instruments that would ensure efficient transnational integration of Russia and Belarus in the innovation sphere. The object of the present research is the integration of Russia and Belarus within the Union State. The subject of the research is the combination of institutions that provide for the integration of the Union States in the innovation sphere. The authors of the article pay special attention to institutional issues and integration prospects of the Union State members in the innovation sphere including the need to develop a single strategy that would guarantee productivity and efficiency of all institutions under research. The methodological basis of the research involves analysis of fundamental researches and modern theoretical researches in the sphere of institution development, innovation activity and transnational integration including that within the Union State. Based on the analysis carried out, the authors have defined the key problems and development prospects for Russia's and Belarus' institutions that ensure the development of integration processes in the innovation sphere. In conclusion, the authors agree with experts and researchers, both Russian and Belorussian, and come to the conclusion that despite numerous institutional and political issues, the authorities, business entities and social communities of the Union State members understand the need to activate the innovation cooperation. In 2012 during the Union State Programs Forum held in Minsk it was underlined that innovation activity is the guarantee of stability both of an individual entity and state in general, that being true for the Union State, too. Thus, it is important to develop transnational information research data base of fundamental and applied problems that would ensure active information exchange between specialists from different countries and strengthen legal basis in the sphere of protection of rights to intellectual activity products as well as to activate process of creating and developing regional and national innovation networks. Implementation of the above described transformations will require to create new institutions as well as to develop institutions that already exist in the innovation sphere which makes the rationale of the present research.  

Abstract: The authors consider the problems of the struggle against corruption within the higher education system. The authors study organizational and methodological aspects of anti-corruption measures’ effectiveness monitoring in Plekhanov Russian University of Economics and form the unique basis, which can serve as a principle for theoretical and applied developments in this sphere and can be used not only in Russian institutions of higher education, but also within the public authorities system responsible for the implementation of the national educational policy. The research methodology is based on the analysis of scientific works devoted the problem of the struggle against corruption in Russia and abroad, the synthesis of the best Russian and foreign practices, and the long-term observations of the authors, evaluated in Plekhanov Russian University of Economics. Based on these methods, the authors develop recommendations for anti-corruption measures’ effectiveness monitoring in institutions of higher education and educational organizations. The authors develop methodological recommendations for the organization of regular monitoring of anti-corruption measures’ effectiveness in higher education institutions, which can be widely applied both in the theory and the practice of the struggle against corruption within the educational system of Russia.