Abstract: The article is focused on the study of the cultural and historical roots of the Yakut national wrestling Khapsagay in the traditional culture of the Sakha people. On the basis of an analysis of the traditional ethnic group of Yakut, it is shown that the named combat sport does indeed have ethno-cultural and ethno-pedagogical origins. However, the examination of historical sources and material from ethnographical expeditions in the 17th–18th centuries reveals that there are no specific mentions of the wrestling khapsagay in these texts. The authors come to the conclusion that the Yakut wrestling khapsagay is part of the cultural rite body complex for traditional Yakut festivities, and does not stand as a separate cultural element. The foundation of this investigation is based on the study of ethnographical writings of ethnographers of the Second Kamchatka Expedition, as well as field studies of ethnographers in the 17th – first half of the 20th century. Having analyzed the historical material, the authors come to the conclusion that khapsagay served merely as an element of traditional pastimes of the Yakut people, not having a particular role in the ritual activities. The given facts leave unanswered the question regarding the true origins of khapsagay wrestling. According to the authors, it is necessary to continue the study of the cultural-historical roots of the named national combat form.

Abstract: This article is dedicated to the review of the main research associated with the study of adaptational potential status of the health of children among the representatives of indigenous population of Arctic regions of the Russian Federation. The latest research demonstrate that the growing body is affected by multiple stressogenic factors in the conditions of Arctic. Starting from birth, we can trace the negative influence of climatic and environmental factors, which becomes the cause for various maladaptive reactions and decrease of the reserve homeostatic mechanisms. All of these factors lead to the formation of various noninfectious chronic diseases. General analysis of the conducted in Arctic regions research of the health status of children population allowed determining the main regularities of the adaptive potentials of health. The author suggests that the health of children population residing in Arctic territories requires particular attention, which is caused by the low birth rate, as well as growing number of various pathological conditions and chronization of diseases. For improvement of the aforementioned situation it is necessary to run an early comprehensive diagnostics regarding the character of the delinquency in development of a child.