Abstract: The article is devoted to the results of studying the state of students' awareness in the field of information technology. The subject of the study is the main elements of information technology and information security. The aspects related to the use of information technologies, the use of information protection methods, and the understanding of the nature of information threats by students in educational institutions of higher education were studied. The object of the study is various educational institutions, including law enforcement. The results of a survey of students for several years are presented. The data obtained on the possession of computer technologies, as well as the negative information impact, are analyzed. Particular attention is paid to the comparison with similar data given in other publications. The main conclusions of the conducted research are that the respondents actively use information technologies in educational work, entertainment, communication, however, at the same time, they are rather poorly aware of information security issues. The younger generation does not fully understand the degree of danger in relation to the information being processed, their own mental and physical health, financial well-being, and in some cases, life. Less than half of the respondents are aware of the requirements of regulatory legal acts in the information sphere, which is why even the most common means of information protection are not used. It follows from the results of the analysis that the level of awareness changes little over time.

Abstract: The research subject is legal and organizational problems of preparation of police officers to the situations involving use of firearms as one of the forms of administrative coercion. Solutions to such problems lie within the improvement and conjunction of particular aspects of professional training (weapons training, legal training, tactical training, physical training, psychological training, etc.). A conceptually new way to solve these problems is the cybernetic approach based on three fundamental aspects of cybernetics: information, management and organizational. The research methodology is based on such general philosophical methods as observation and modeling, and the method of comparative analysis and the system method. The author considers a cybernetic system, in which the mechanism of decision-making over the issue of use of firearms by a police officer (management object) is a component of the system of official activities and professional training of a police officer (management cycle). The author concludes that all the elements of the system of police officers training for use of firearms should be aimed at the final result – effective and legal use of firearms. To achieve this result, the author offers particular procedures corresponding with fundamental aspects of cybernetics: observation of certain information background during training (situational targets, environment, light, sounds, etc.); appropriate reflection of all elements of the training system in official documents, optimal target setting in the training process.