Abstract: The subject of this research is the problem of persecutions of the human rights advocates in the Baltic States. The object of this research is the strategies of national security in the Baltic States examined through the prism of ethnic nationalism, where the persecutions manifest as the tool of their realization. The presented work is the first in academic literature to study the impact of ethnic nationalism upon the social and state development and understanding of security, as well as suggests as an evident example a yet insufficiently studied problem of persecution of the human rights supporters. Thus, the article reviews such topics, as the strategies of national security in the context of the Baltic countries’ policy of ethnic nationalism, questions of sovereignty, and international law within the framework of supporting the human rights advocates. Examination of these aspects allows answering the relevant question – why it is not possible to establish the status quo in social and state development of the Baltic countries. The research leans on the institutional method, taking into account the analysis of legal norms and work of the corresponding institutions that ensure implementation of the national security strategies in Latvia, Estonia, and Lithuania. The scientific novelty consists in the fact that ethnic nationalism is presented ad a structural element of national security strategies in the Baltic States. In addition to that, the author is first to raise a question about the methods of realization of national security strategies, which are reflected in the persecutions of human rights advocates. The article also examines the regional level (Baltic countries) in the more extensive geopolitical context, which allows binding together the tasks and strategies proposed by Latvia, Estonia, and Lithuania with the task that the acting geopolitical determinants are faced with.

Abstract: The subject of this research is the Russian world concept, while the object is the various dimensions of the concept establishing historically, as well as by means of the current tasks and challenges, which add form and content to this concept. The article represents Russian world as the concept aimed inside and outside of Russia, which gives it multiple meanings, but simultaneously turns it into one of the most efficient mechanisms of the so-called soft power. The main aspects of examination of the Russian world consist in its political (ideological) and legal dimensions. In order to study the multiple meanings of the Russian world, the author apply the complex approach and systemic analysis, because the Russian world is presented as a certain integral system that preserves the dynamicity of development and cultural codes. The scientific novelty lies in the fact that the authors are first to suggest legal consciousness as the integral of the initial Russian world. It explains the dynamic of development of the Russian world, its clarity in preservation of the blurred boundaries, because they are defined by the presence of the “critical mass” of the Russians, expressed by the legal consciousness and culture.

Abstract: The subject of this research is the appeals of political institutions and declarations and statements of politicians, who use accusations of international crimes as a political instrument. The goal of this work is to conduct a thorough analysis of this issue (causes, forms of appeal, possible consequences), as it not only testifies to the existence of the so-called double standards, but also a method of strengthening the stereotypes regarding specific nations, and means of destroying an image of a country. The article gives a detailed examination of the following political statements: “regime crimes”, “declaration” of an international crime, “condemnation” of a nation. The authors also analyze the nature of “punishments” introduced against one or another country in the form of sanctions for the said “crimes”. The main sources for this work were the international legal documents, as well as the statements and declarations of political leaders. The article is first to research the use of international law as a political instrument for solving specific tasks before particular circles of individuals or country. The authors formulate the question, and compile a catalogue of similar political appeals.

Abstract: Сonstitutional nationalism means formation of a long-term problem of racial (ethnic) discrimination as testifies to existence of these or those norms on the basis of which the ethnic minority (even when it historically lives in the territory of this or that state) appears in unequal situation. This problem interferes with realization of problems of creation of civil society and carrying out the national policy directed on stabilization of political development, and is sign as for many states of the former Soviet Union, and Europe. On the basis of the comparative analysis for the first time in the academic science ways of penetration of nationalism in the constitutional texts of various states are investigated. Political and historical approach allows to draw parallels of development of the constitutional thought with an event outline and expectations of political elite of the studied states. As a result of research nationalism and Nazism markers in constitutions of the states of Europe and the former Soviet Union that makes scientific novelty of work which is actual and for legal and political practice of many states were defined. These markers can serve as the tool at performance of the UNGAResolution No. 67/154 of 20.12.2013 and help in understanding of those political processes which happen in different regions of Europe and the world. During work markers of nationalism were separated from Nazism markers. It allowed to reveal as the general character of a problem of growth of national discrimination in the different countries, and existence of opportunities of toughening of a political regime concerning ethnic minorities. The most serious problem appears in the countries of the Central and Eastern Europe.