Abstract: The article is devoted to the dynamics of development of migration policy in the Russian Federation in general and migration legislation in particular. This creates the need for analysis of the modern condition, development trends, efficiency and law-enforcement practice of migration policy in order to define the problems interfering with the efficient implementation of the migration policy. 
Improvement of the legal regulation and law-enforcement practice in the sphere of migration relations of the Russian Federation shall allow to make migration processes more transparent and raise the efficiency of their regulation for the national interests of Russia including observance rights and legal interests of the Russian Federation citizens and countrymen migrating to Russia from abroad. 
Migration is one of the most important problems of the human population. Moreover, migration does not mean only a technical movement of people from one place to another. It is a complicated social process that covers many sides of social life. Migration plays a very significant role in the history of the humankind. It influences the processes of occupation of new territories, property development, development of production forces, education and mixing up of different races, languages and nations.