Abstract: The author of the present article views state service in terms of ongoing administrative reform in our country, the author analyzes existing approaches to contents of basic regional laws on state civil service. Special attention is paid at the issue concerning professional competence and training of civil servants. The author lists the main principles of official behavior of a civil servant and touches upon formation and performance of commission for compliance with requirements to official behavior and for management of conflicts of interests.

Keywords: legal studies, state service, reform, conflict, requirements, Code, competence, committee, professional competence, corruption.

Abstract: The author of the article studies how radical transformation of one f the oldest cities in Europe and the capital of France, Paris, made by Baron Haussmann in the 1850’s – 1900’s, was refl ected in literature at XIX century (based on the example of Emile Zola, Guy de Maupassant, Viktor Hugo and Charles Baudelaire). The main idea of transformations was to turn the city as the centre of traditional culture into a progressive center of industrialized civilization. The purpose of the preset article is to trace back the connection between architectural replanning of the city and creation of new rules of a civilized social life as well as to study response to such transformations in art, particularly, in literature. Osman’s Paris was an example of total city replanning that was famous during the industrial age. Even though Osman destroyed many historical monuments and completely changed the atmosphere of Paris, today it is no doubt that he had a positive impact on the development of the city. Osman’s reforms led to creation of cultural dialectics that solved the confl ict between the new and the old. The initial rejection of transformations was replaced by the two tendencies: fi rstly, the old was valued again and the past was tried to be preserved and secondly, the new became part of everyday life, art and culture of that epoch.

Keywords: Paris, Baron Haussmann, Napoleon III, architectural replanning of Paris, Charles Baudelaire, café-chantant, Guy de Maupassant, the Eiffel Tower, Moulin Rouge, mass culture.

Abstract: The article is devoted to the main approaches to studying the system of education in modern science. The author analyzes advantages and disadvantages of these approaches and defines special and integral methods of studying the system of education. In the Russian Federation the system of education traditionally means a combination of successive educational programs of different levels and orientations with federal state educational standards and federal state requirements on one hand and a network of educational institutions and research organizations on the other hand. This is a many-level, branched and quite dynamic network of formal establishments and informal communities that have long established, steady and many-level economic, social, political, psychological and cultural relations with one another and the outside environment. This is a very important system for human and society in general which allows to define the system of education as one of the spheres of social life.

Keywords: society, politics, education, Russia, system, state, interests, values, security, development.

Abstract: The list of effective federal documents covering regional aspects of the strategic development includes the most recent Concept of Long-Term Socio-Economic Development of the Russian Federation 2020. One section of this Concept is devoted to regional development. The section outlines long-term purposes and goals of the territorial development and defines the most important parameters of spatial development of the Russian economy and the system of public administration.

Keywords: political studies, Strategy 2020, federalism, regionalism, regional policy, society, state institution, economics, regions, Russia.

Abstract: Humanitarian expertise of a patient is viewed from the point of view of effective interaction in the process of medical aid. Opinion survey of experts (face-to-face and online questionnaire and the secondary analysis of data) showed that medical workers believe humanitarian expertise of patients to be quite important but not always technologically possible. Humanitarian expertise of a patient is close to defi ning the scope of his social roles and includes evaluation of values, resources and potentials of cooperation between a doctor and a patient. The author of the article proves the dominating role of the patient’s social dimensions in humanitarian expertise compared to creation of a psychological portrait, for instance. The results of research can be used for planning contents of the educational curriculum at professional medical schools.

Keywords: social studies, patient, doctor, humanitarian, expertise, competence, professionalism, questionnaire survey, humanization, education.

Abstract: The article tells us about the difference between the deliberative model of democracy and electoral or liberal democracies. It is shown that deliberative democracy is rather close to representative democracy and participatory democracy. The author of the article also analyzes the origin and defi nitions of deliberative democracy. The author himself describes the deliberative model of democracy as institutionalized communication between the state institution and civil society. The article describes other views on and concepts of deliberative policy, especially Seyla Benhabib’s political philosophy who related the deliberative process with the procedure of legitimization of decisions made. At the end of the article the author talks about a very important role of deliberative democracy for modern Russia.

Keywords: political studies, communication, discourse, deliberative democracy, state institution, civil society, public policy, legitimacy, government, institutionalization.

Abstract: Existence and non-existence are correlative and defi nite. There are different worlds which cannot be distinguished from one another. But if we create a mathematical model of the other world’s ‘nothing’ transferring into our world’s ‘existence’, we can discover incredible energies. Scientists who study dark matter and energy seek for a word to name this matter. The idea is somewhere out there and it is very important for space safety of human.

Keywords: philosophy, existence, non-existence, Aristotle, dark matter and energy, weapon, energy, safety, asteroid, Dirac fi eld, defi nability.

Abstract: The author of the article raises very important issues of Russian legal regulation of drugstores and their profit activities. Based on the analysis of archive documents and regulatory acts that had been created since 1881 till 1912 in the Russian Empire, the author of the article describes the formation of legal regulation in this sphere. The purpose of such legal regulation, on one hand, was the provision of timely pharmaceutical aid to population, and on the other hand, protection of private drugstore business from wasting competition. The author of the article defi nes particular problems that arose between private drugstores and social drugstores and cover all stages of legal regulation of drugstore business back in those times. The author explains why such regulatory acts were needed and what provisions they contained.

Keywords: legal studies, pharmaceutics, drugstore, legislation, Doctor’s Charter, pills, sale, production, zemstvo (district council), pharmacist.

Abstract: The article is devoted to one of the problems raised in neo-liberal political-legal doctrine of Russia at late XIX – early XX centuries. The structure of Russian neo-liberalism traditionally has an idealistic and positivistic trends, each of them has their own opinion of legal consciousness and future mechanism of government. The author of the present article analyzes views expressed by the followers of Russian neo-liberalism at the turn of XIX – XX centuries on identifi cation of Russia as a civilization. It has been conclude that Russia was regarded as a special form of civilization that was based on the combination of Western European and Eastern features.

Keywords: legal studies, type of civilization, neo-liberalism, slavophiles, Westerners, developmental place, theory of borrowing, political-legal thought, Eurasia, liberalism.

Abstract: Agricultural policy of the Russian Federation is not so effective in the sphere of plant growing unfortunately. One of the most important factors that have a negative impact on formation and implementation of state policy in this branch of agricultural economy is the systematic ignorance of the nature infl uencing each element of the aforesaid policy. The author of the article proves that nature should be taken into account when forming and implementing agricultural policy. In its turn, good agricultural policy contributes to effi cient and sustainable agricultural production. Current political solutions and regulatory acts devoted to agricultural development are not systematic. They are taken into account only when there is an unfavorable situation in the agricultural sector. These acts and solutions rarely consider the infl uence of natural forces on the process of plant growing and even more rarely they consider the infl uence of human himself as a natural agricultural worker. This leads to nihilism and mistrust of agricultural producers towards state agricultural policy.

Keywords: plant growing, nature, agricultural, state, politics, actor, effi ciency, objective, priority, purpose.

Abstract: The present article is devoted to the USA experts’ and analysts’ opinions on the new world order at the twenty first century. It is underline that most American experts (both military and civil ones) believe psychological technologies and management of international conflicts to be the main factor of influencing foreign policies of nations under the conditions of growing political instability and chaos in international relations. The foreign policy strategy that is in the process of being prepared in the USA now is aimed at adaptation to the next century environment and conditions but in fact, it will be mostly determined by threats from the other world. Modern ‘two regional wars’ strategy should be left for the benefit of a more real vision of the future which includes smaller conflicts in a greater number of places. In other words, it may create, figuratively speaking, a need to juggle several balls (arising threats) at once.

Keywords: international relations, policy, society, USA, world order, diplomacy, interests, values, conflict, democratization.

Abstract: The author of the article analyzes the causes of political apathy in the Ukraine and studies consequences of the government confrontation and passive adaptation of population to the situation in the Ukraine. The author also describes the levels of trust towards social institutions and views the sources of political minus-mobilization of the Ukrainian society. It is shown that a peculiarity of the political process in the Ukraine is a group inexpressiveness of positions, interests and views, diffused group beliefs and advantages of the mainstream population. Results of opinion surveys show that there is a tendency in the Ukrainian society towards reduction of the number of citizens who feel involved in the social and political life in the country. The author of the article also underlines polarization of public opinions between regions which is made even more complicated because there is no consensus on the matter in different social groups. The author also stresses out a need in modernization and democratization of political institutions. This is caused not by social perceptions of freedom, rights and justice but by the reasonable need in supporting the government. It is also demonstrated that constant minus-mobilization of the Ukrainian society provides for legitimacy of the political regime in the Ukraine.

Keywords: indifference towards politics, political apathy (indifference), inactivity, political nihilism, minus-mobilization, Ukrainian people, Ukraine, political regime (government), social institutions, regional polarization.

Abstract: Considering conceptualization of political culture, the author of the article performs extrapolation of that phenomenon into practice and provides her own analysis of peculiarities of the national political culture, socio-cultural peculiarities and prospects of development. The author also describes particular culture-historical types and views them from the point of view of Today’s Russian values. The author underlines the unique socio-cultural code of Russian people and analyzes destructive infl uence of democratic concept. According to the author, Western countries have been developing their democratic views for quite a long time and their democratic concept has very different logics and another development vector which contradicts to Russian socio-cultural expectations. Implementation of democracy principles without taking into account Russian history, traditions and peculiarities of political culture and political consciousness of the Russian society may lead to the drop in the level of political legitimacy of modern Russian government. The author underlines the nee in convergence of democratic and traditional values and main orientation at traditional socio-cultural Russian model with dominating patriarchal and the governed relations and values and with the national demand for etatistic-paternalistc but not market political culture. Etatistic-paternalistic order successfully combines diverse national traditions and ethics.

Keywords: political culture, socio-cultural Russian code, etatistic-paternalistic order, culture-historical types, thinking irrationality, legitimacy of government, patriarchal type, socio-cultural expectations, public policy.

Abstract: The article is devoted to studying social characteristics of Spain ruling elite at late 1970’s – 1990’s when the Spain socialistic workers’ party was governing. Spanish researchers describe those times as the period of democracy consolidation. Based on massive biography data, the author analyzes members of Spanish ruling elite according to the main social characteristics such as place of birth, age, education and career. The author of the article makes an attempt to defi ne how radical social and political transformations were after the failure of Francisco Franco’s government and how it infl uenced the process of renewal of the ruling elite of Spain. The author of the article also views the policy undertaken by socialists in relation to state government and army leadership of the country. The author also describes the role of the new ruling elite, their competence and effi ciency.

Keywords: elite, Spain, social characteristics, democracy, socialists, Cortes, ministers, state government, general offi - cers, Integrated Standby Instrument Systems.

Abstract: The article is devoted to a company’s imitation strategy as an alternative to innovative development. The author of the article defi nes peculiarities and methods forming the basis of imitation strategy. Companies functioning in one fi eld tend to become homogenous which is explained by the author from the point of view of institutional isomorphism. According to the author, this is why we can see similar features in different companies acting on the same market. Homogenization however is not a spontaneous process but a rather deliberate strategic step towards improving company’s performance. For example, through imitating more successful companies and particular elements of their organizational structures, processes and products many companies that are world-famous now have achieved their leading positions on the market. Global experience shows proves the imitation strategy to be no less or sometimes even more effective than the strategy of innovation-based development. As the topic of research imitation and mimesis have been growing more important lately.

Keywords: imitation, mimesis, isomorphism, mimetic isomorphism, innovation strategy, homogenization, company’s fi eld, imitators, innovators, company’s development.