Translate this page:
Please select your language to translate the article


You can just close the window to don't translate
Library
Your profile

Back to contents

Psychologist
Reference:

Activity as a predictor of the subjective well-being of Chinese adolescents

Bashkin Evgenii Bronislavovich

ORCID: 0000-0002-4118-813X

PhD in Psychology

Head of the Department of Psychology and Pedagogy, Patrice Lumumba Peoples' Friendship University of Russia

117198, Russia, Moscow region, Moscow, Miklukho - maklaya str., 10, room 2

bashkin_eb@pfur.ru
Shlyakhta Dmitrii Aleksandrovich

ORCID: 0000-0001-8853-0919

PhD in Psychology

Lecturer, Department of Psychology and Pedagogy, Patrice Lumumba Peoples' Friendship University of Russia

117198, Russia, Moscow region, Moscow, Miklukho-Maklaya str., 10, room 2

shlyakhta-da@rudn.ru
Yan' Yapin

Postgraduate student, Department of Psychology and Pedagogy, Patrice Lumumba Peoples' Friendship University of Russia

117198, Russia, Moscow region, Moscow, Miklukho - maklaya str., 10, office 2

1042218245@rudn.ru

DOI:

10.25136/2409-8701.2023.6.69441

EDN:

BQQJTM

Received:

23-12-2023


Published:

30-12-2023


Abstract: From the mid-1990s, there has been a certain scale of discussion in Chinese academic circles around the concept of mental health. In these conditions, the study of the subjective well-being of Chinese adolescents has gained great importance, which has overall determined the relevance of the research topic. The article is dedicated to the issue of subjective well-being of Chinese adolescents and contains the following research objective - to identify the internal factors of subjective well-being of Chinese adolescents in their relationship with other elements of personality structure. Special attention is paid to studying the influence of activity on the subjective well-being of Chinese adolescents. The diagnostic methods used in the study were: the "Psychological Well-being Scale" by C. Riff, the Proactive Attitudes Scale, and the General Self-Efficacy Questionnaire by R. Schwarzer. The obtained data were analyzed using mathematical-statistical methods (calculation of mean values, standard deviation, Shapiro-Wilk criterion, non-parametric Kruskal-Wallis dispersion analysis, regression and cluster analysis). As a result of the empirical research, it was found that more than half of all surveyed Chinese adolescents have high proactivity, characterized by traits such as initiative, decisiveness, self-confidence, the ability to quickly adapt to changes in the environment, plan, and actively build their future. Thus, adolescents with a proactive behavior model evaluate their subjective well-being higher than adolescents with low activity. The study concludes on the high role of proactivity in shaping the subjective well-being of Chinese adolescents, which can be considered in the development of measures to improve the psychological well-being of Chinese adolescents. The results of the study are consistent with other contemporary research data on mental well-being, the high level of which is ensured by voluntary regulation and proactive activities in educational activities.


Keywords:

activity, proactive behavior, predictor, subjective well-being, psychological well-being, positive mental health, self-efficacy, Chinese adolescents, adolescence, China

This article is automatically translated.

Introduction

The presence of mental health problems in adolescents has become one of the most significant social issues of Chinese society. As of the end of 2022, 30.28% of patients with depression under the age of 18 were identified in China (in 2020, their number was 24.60%), which is a rather alarming signal for society and the state [4, 7]. Among these 30.28%, many teenagers are in school (about 50%), and 41% dropped out of school altogether due to depression, which generally negatively affects their subsequent socialization in adulthood and in the future can lead to certain problems of social well-being in the following decades. Under these conditions, the study of the peculiarities of the subjective well-being of Chinese adolescents acquires high importance, which generally determined the relevance of the research topic.

The purpose of the article is to study the importance of proactive behavior for the subjective well–being of Chinese adolescents. Achieving this goal will make it possible to identify the components underlying the subjective well-being of Chinese adolescents, which can later be used in the development of national measures to support adolescent mental health.

Theoretical overview

By now, many theoretical schools have been formed that study the essence and components of mental health and well-being, including the school of psychodynamics (Z. Freud, A. Adler, K. Jung, V. Frankl), gestalt therapy (F. Perls, L. Perls, P. Goodman, I. Bosco, E. Bauman), the School of Personality Psychology (K. Rogers), the school of cognitive behavioral therapy (A. Beck, A. Ellis), the Soviet School of Activity Psychology (L. S. Vygotsky, S. L. Rubinstein, A. N. Leontiev, K. A. Abulkhanova-Slavskaya). All of these schools are characterized by the consideration of subjective well-being as the absence of health disorders. At the same time, the attention of these scientists is mainly focused on the study of the impact of mental disorders, depression and other abnormalities on well-being.

In recent decades, scientific circles have been actualizing the consideration of subjective well-being not only as the absence of health problems, but also as a condition in which a person is able to adapt to life situations and most effectively realize their own potential [11]. This idea formed the basis of K. Riff's concept of positive mental health, which identifies five components as part of psychological well-being, including a positive attitude towards oneself and one's past, the presence of goals that determine the meaning of human life, the persistence of development and self-realization, a positive attitude towards others, the ability to follow one's beliefs [10]. K. Riff's methodology has gained quite wide popularity in Russia, where there is an active formation of its own psychological school of a comprehensive model of commitment to mental health, developed by researchers of the Department of Psychology and Pedagogy of the RUDN [1].

In China, mental health has traditionally been studied from the standpoint of Chinese medicine and associated with the concepts of qi energy, harmony of soul and body, and balance in the human body. At the end of the last century, due to the development of scientific and social exchange with European countries, the concept of mental health in its modern sense appeared in China. At the same time, this concept was borrowed from the ideas of the schools of cognitive behavioral therapy, psychodynamics and gestalt therapy, and has been used in its original form for a long time. In the works of modern Chinese authors, the understanding of the essence of mental well-being as the opposite of ill health still continues to prevail [3; 6; 8; 9], this once again underlines the need to revise the methodological approach to studying the well-being of Chinese adolescents.

Adolescence is usually considered as a transitional period from childhood to adulthood, with significant physiological changes (such as height, weight and reproductive system), psychological maturation and development (attachment relationships, cognitive development), external environmental influences (peer pressure) and other factors. All of the above combined contributes to the dynamic development of adolescent mental health and determines their subjective well-being.

In the works of many Chinese researchers, the subjective well-being of adolescents is studied from the point of view of its negative aspects. A significant part of the works is devoted to the study of mental health problems, including anxiety and depression, and the duration of disorders [12]. Studying only the negative aspects of subjective well-being seems insufficient for a deep understanding of it. In this regard, the application of the concept of positive mental health by K. Riff seems definitely promising.

Thus, by the subjective well-being of adolescents, we will understand not only the absence of functional disorders, but also emotional, psychological and social well-being, allowing the individual to use his own positive psychological resources to adapt to society.

Research methodology

The aim of the empirical study was to study hypotheses about activity as a factor in the subjective well-being of Chinese adolescents. The empirical study examined the following hypotheses about the subjective well-being of Chinese adolescents:

H1: Proactive attitudes affect the subjective well-being of Chinese teenagers.

H2: Awareness of one's own self-efficacy has a positive effect on the subjective well-being of Chinese teenagers.

To solve the tasks, a survey was conducted using a questionnaire that includes the following psychodiagnostic techniques:

– questionnaire "Scale of psychological well-being" by K. Riff (84 questions), which highlights the schools "positive relationships", "self-acceptance", "goals in life", "environmental management", "autonomy", "personal growth";

– the scale of R. Schwarzer's proactive attitudes;

– General self-efficacy questionnaire (10 questions);

The obtained data were studied using methods of mathematical and statistical processing (including the calculation of averages, standard deviation indicators, the Shapiro-Wilk criterion, nonparametric Kraskel-Wallis analysis of variance, which allowed comparing the indicators of independent samples, regression and cluster analysis). Jamovi software was used for the calculation.

The study involved 302 adolescents (151 boys and 151 girls) aged 17 to 19 years old living in China in Beijing (62.6%) and in a village in Henan Province (37.4%).

The results of the study

Descriptive statistics of the obtained indicators

As a result of the analysis using the methods used, 8 independent variables were obtained. Descriptive statistics of variables are presented in Table 1.

Table 1 – Descriptive statistics of variables (N=302)

Variables

The average value

Standard deviation

Median

Mines.

Max.

Asymmetry

St. the error of the average

Questionnaire "Scale of psychological well-being" by K. Riff

Positive relationships

56,1

11,9

56,0

25

77

-0,544

0,687

Self-acceptance

57,1

13,5

57,0

20

78

-0,566

0,777

Goals in life

57,1

13,7

58,0

20

80

-0,595

0,787

Environment management

47,8

9,74

47,0

21

64

-0,490

0,561

Autonomy

56,1

11,6

56,0

26

75

-0,531

0,668

Personal growth

57,2

13,4

58,0

22

81

-0,582

0,771

Proactive attitudes scale

Proactive attitudes

23,1

4,94

23,0

12

32

-0,142

0,285

General Self-efficacy questionnaire

Overall self-efficacy

28,7

6,06

29,0

13

40

-0,324

0,348

In the methodology "Scale of psychological well-being" by K. Riff, the value of the indicator "positive relationships" characterizes the presence of a person's trusting relationships with others (minimum value 25, maximum 77). In the sample, the average value was 56.1, therefore, Chinese teenagers are characterized by an average attitude towards themselves.

The average value of the "self-acceptance" indicator in the sample of Chinese adolescents is 57.1 (with a minimum value of 20, a maximum value of 78), which indicates the average severity of self-acceptance, one's own bad and good qualities.

The value of the indicator "goals in life" was 57.1 (with a minimum value of 20, a maximum value of 78), which indicates an average pronounced sense of direction in life, the relative presence of perspectives and beliefs characterizing the meaning of life.

The average values of the indicator "environmental management" in the sample of Chinese adolescents are 47.8 (with a minimum value of 21, a maximum value of 64), which indicates low possession of power and competence in relation to environmental management, weak control of external activities, which also leads to low efficiency of using available opportunities. Many Chinese teenagers lack a sense of control over what is happening around them, and feel unable to change circumstances.

According to the "autonomy" scale for Chinese teenagers, the average value was 56.1, with a minimum of 26 and a maximum of 75. This indicates that respondents have an average degree of ability to withstand the assessments of others, make important decisions, and act in a certain way.

The value of the indicator "personal growth" averaged 57.2, with a minimum of 22 and a maximum of 81. This allows us to find that, in general, Chinese teenagers have an average degree of feeling of their own "growth", and are moderately open to new experiences.

According to R. Schwarzer, a proactive attitude is a personality characteristic reflecting an optimistic expectation about the resources of the environment and one's own resources, based on responsibility and a desire to change the situation. The positive orientation of the proactive attitude should be noted, since it reflects not only the willingness of the subject to change himself and the environment, but also generally indicates a positive attitude towards an uncertain future. The value of the "proactive attitudes" indicator averaged 23.1, with a minimum of 12 and a maximum of 32 [2].

The concept of self-efficacy was proposed by Albert Bandura. He suggested that the expectation of self-efficacy means a person's belief that he is able to behave in a way that will lead to the desired results (success). The value of the indicator "general self-efficacy" averaged 28.7, with a minimum of 13 and a maximum of 40 [5].

At the first stage, the normality of the distribution was also assessed according to the Shapiro-Wilk criterion. It was found that its value for all variables is less than 0.001, therefore, the hypothesis of the normality of the distribution cannot be accepted. Based on this, the nonparametric Kraskel-Wallis analysis of variance was used for further analysis.

The results of the cluster analysis of the activity indicators of Chinese teenagers

Cluster analysis was used to divide a sample of Chinese adolescents into groups characterized by varying degrees of activity indicators. To do this, a k-means analysis was performed for the variables "proactive attitudes" and "general self-efficacy". The Hartigan-Wong algorithm was used, and the included variables were standardized. As a result of the analysis, 3 clusters were identified (Figure 1).

Figure 1 – Scatter diagram of the indicators of the scales "proactive attitudes" and "general self-efficacy" Data are standardized, clusters are highlighted

The first cluster, with a relatively low severity of activity indicators, included 47 respondents, the second with average activity – 92 and the third with high activity – 163 subjects. As expected, the groups at a high level of significance (<.001) differ in the severity of the variables included in the analysis. The average values of proactive attitudes were 14.9, 22 and 29; the average values of the variable "general self–efficacy" were 18.3, 27.6, and 35.9, respectively. According to the results of the analysis, we obtained three subgroups (clusters) of respondents with varying degrees of activity, which were conditionally called "low", "medium" and "high".

Comparative analysis of the subjective well-being of Chinese adolescents in groups with different activity indicators

In order to identify differences in the severity of the components of subjective well-being between groups of Chinese students obtained from the results of cluster analysis of the scales proactive attitudes and general self-efficacy, a nonparametric one-factor analysis of variance according to Kraskel-Wallace was conducted. This version of the analysis was applied because the distribution of the studied variables significantly differs from the normal law according to the Shapiro-Wilk criterion (see tab. 1)

Based on the results of the analysis, it can be concluded that all components of subjective well-being at a high level of significance (<.001) differ in groups characterized by different activity.

Table 2 – Comparison of subjective well-being in groups of Chinese adolescents

The component of subjective well-being

Median

Low

cluster

Median

Average

cluster

Median

Tall

cluster

p

Positive relationships

36

54

70

240

<?.001

0.797

Self-acceptance

34

55

73

240

<?.001

0.797

Goals in life

32

55

73

240

<?.001

0.798

Environment management

33

46

59

236

<?.001

0.784

Autonomy

37

54

70

237

<?.001

0.787

Personal growth

33

55

73

238

<?.001

0.791

Subsequent post hoc analysis using the Dvass-Steele-Critchlow-Fliegner (DSCF) method also revealed significant high-level (<.001) differences in pairwise comparison of all groups for all studied components. We see that the higher the activity indicators, the higher the subjective well-being of Chinese teenagers.

Regression analysis of the influence of activity indicators on the components of subjective well-being of Chinese adolescents

Multiple regression analysis was performed to test the hypotheses of the study. The predictors were the "proactive attitudes" scale and the "general self–efficacy" questionnaire, and the components of subjective well-being as dependent variables.

Table 3 shows the six models being tested. The multiple correlation coefficient is significant according to Fisher's F criterion for all models (<.001), the multiple determination coefficient for all models is high (at least 0.85). All regression coefficients B are significant according to the Student's t-criterion at a high level (<.001) Standardized regression coefficients ? take values from 0.341 to 0.612. For all components of subjective well-being, except for "Environmental management", the contribution of the predictor "questionnaire of general self-efficacy" is higher than that of the scale "proactive attitudes".

Discussion of the results

The subjective well-being of Chinese teenagers consists of several components, among which the most significant are positive relationships, self-acceptance, and environmental management. All of them are closely related to proactive attitudes and the general self-efficacy of adolescents.

Proactive behavior plays an important role in the subjective well-being of Chinese teenagers. The results of the study prove that proactivity is especially important for a teenager's ability to overcome stress, ultimately achieving individual well-being. It also indicates that a significant part of Chinese teenagers are determined to actively solve emerging problems, are purposeful and take action to improve their quality of life.

Table 3 – Regression analysis of the impact of the proactive attitudes scale and the general self-efficacy questionnaire on the components of subjective well-being

Model

R?

F

df1

df2

p

0.884

1143

2

299

<?.001

Positive relationships

Predictor

B

SE

t

p

?

Constant

2.402

1.147

2.1

0.037

Proactive attitudes

0.823

0.145

5.68

<?.001

0.341

General Self-efficacy questionnaire

1.207

0.118

10.19

<?.001

0.612

Model

R?

F

df1

df2

p

0.89

1205

2

299

<?.001

Self-acceptance

Predictor

B

SE

t

p

?

Constant

-3.76

1.266

-2.97

0.003

Proactive attitudes

1.08

0.16

6.72

<?.001

0.394

General Self-efficacy questionnaire

1.25

0.131

9.58

<?.001

0.562

Model

R?

F

df1

df2

p

0.884

1143

2

299

<?.001

Goals in life

Predictor

B

SE

t

p

?

Constant

-4.26

1.312

-3.25

0.001

Proactive attitudes

1.2

0.166

7.22

<?.001

0.434

General Self-efficacy questionnaire

1.17

0.136

8.66

<?.001

0.52

Model

R?

F

df1

df2

p

0.852

859

2

299

<?.001

Environment management

Predictor

B

SE

t

p

?

Constant

4.874

1.058

4.6

<?.001

Proactive attitudes

0.964

0.134

7.2

<?.001

0.489

General Self-efficacy questionnaire

0.719

0.109

6.58

<?.001

0.447

Model

R?

F

df1

df2

p

0.874

1035

2

299

<?.001

Autonomy

Predictor

B

SE

t

p

?

Constant

4.348

1.163

3.74

<?.001

Proactive attitudes

1.08

0.147

7.34

<?.001

0.46

General Self-efficacy questionnaire

0.935

0.12

7.78

<?.001

0.488

Model

R?

F

df1

df2

p

0.871

1013

2

299

<?.001

Personal growth

Predictor

B

SE

t

p

?

Constant

-2.51

1.356

-1.85

0.066

Proactive attitudes

1.12

0.172

6.53

<?.001

0.413

General Self-efficacy questionnaire

1.18

0.14

8.42

<?.001

0.533

Self-efficacy is of particular importance in proactive behavior. It characterizes the attitude of adolescents to their own resources and opportunities in changing the environment. Many Chinese teenagers, according to the study, rate their own self-efficacy highly, which demonstrates their confidence in themselves and their abilities. This largely determines the subjective well-being of Chinese teenagers.

Teenagers with a proactive behavior model are positive about their lives. They have a different perception of the obstacles that arise in their path, and are able to make more effective decisions to overcome them. By actively setting goals, having self-confidence, and successfully achieving their goals, Chinese teenagers accumulate positive experiences towards themselves, which generally increases their self-esteem, life satisfaction, and directly determines subjective well-being.

Conclusion

In conclusion, we note that the subjective well–being of adolescents is an important issue of far-reaching importance. The prospects of society and the nation as a whole depend on how teenagers feel, how confident they are in their abilities and in the possibility of achieving goals for a better future.

According to the results of an empirical study, it was found that many Chinese teenagers have high proactivity, which is characterized by the presence of such signs as initiative, determination, self-confidence, the ability to quickly adapt to environmental changes, plan and actively build their future. Despite the fact that the proportion of adolescents with high proactivity was more than 50%, many Chinese adolescents still have low proactivity, while their level of subjective well-being is significantly lower than that of adolescents with a proactive behavior model. This is a very alarming signal for the state, since it requires timely measures to improve the situation and increase the subjective well-being of adolescents.

The results of the study have high theoretical significance and can be used to develop a national policy of measures to support the subjective well-being of Chinese adolescents, as well as to conduct comparative international studies of the subjective well-being of adolescents in China and other countries.

References
1. Bashkin, E.B. & Shlyakhta, D.A. (2022). Temporary competence as an integral part of mental health in the context of personal self-realization. Personal self-realization in the era of digitalization: global challenges and opportunities: materials of the International Scientific and Practical Conference. Moscow, 2022, 245-250.
2. Wang, C., Hu, Z. & Liu, Y. (2001). Study of the reliability and validity of the general self-efficacy scale. Applied psychology, 7(1), 4-5.
3. Liu, H. (2021). Recognition of concepts and standards of mental health. Psychological science, 24(4), 480-481.
4. National Mental Health Development Report of China (2019–2020) Retrieved from http://www.360doc.com/content/21/0310/19/16781080_966303054.shtml
5. Peng, L. (2009). Study of the relationship between self-efficacy, parenting style and achievements of secondary school students. Applied psychology, 1, 45-46.
6. Xie, T., Jiang, X. & Yu, G. (2019). Study of the influence of personality and social psychology on mental health. Studies of higher education in Heilongjiang Province, 37(8), 112-115.
7. According to the 2023 China Mental Health Blue Book, the detection rate of depression in primary and secondary schools reaches 40%! Retrieved from https://www.sohu.com/a/729004409_100255492
8. Huang, J. (2020). Mental health of young people. Taipei: Psychology Publishing House.
9. Zhang, Y. & Yang, M. (2022). Analysis of factors influencing the mental health of adolescents and research on strategies for optimizing the growth environment. Journal of Yanling Vocational and Technical College, 21(1), 30-34.
10. Blasco‐Belled A., & Alsinet C. (2022). The architecture of psychological well‐being: A network analysis study of the Ryff Psychological Well‐Being Scale. Scandinavian Journal of Psychology, 63(3), 199-207.
11. Mikhailova, O. B. (2021). Mental Health as a Priority of Modern Society: Results of the International Scientific and Practical Conference on Commitment to Mental Health. O. B. Mikhailova, Z. R. Khairova, E. B. Bashkin. RUDN Journal of Psychology and Pedagogics, 18(4), 915-922. doi:10.22363/2313-1683-2021-18-4-915-922
12. Tang X., Tang S., Ren Z., & Wong D. F. K. (2020). Psychosocial risk factors associated with depressive symptoms among adolescents in secondary schools in mainland China: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Journal of Affective Disorders, 263, 155–16.

Peer Review

Peer reviewers' evaluations remain confidential and are not disclosed to the public. Only external reviews, authorized for publication by the article's author(s), are made public. Typically, these final reviews are conducted after the manuscript's revision. Adhering to our double-blind review policy, the reviewer's identity is kept confidential.
The list of publisher reviewers can be found here.

The paper "Activity as a predictor of the subjective well-being of Chinese adolescents" is submitted for review. The subject of the study. The work is aimed at identifying the importance of proactive behavior for the subjective well-being of Chinese adolescents. Special attention is paid to the identification of the components underlying the subjective well-being of Chinese adolescents. The author put forward hypotheses, set an empirical goal and objectives; developed a program, conducted research and analyzed the results. In general, the set goals and objectives have been achieved, and the hypotheses have been confirmed. The methodology of the research is the works that consider the essence and components of mental health and well-being: - the school of psychodynamics (Z. Freud, A. Adler, K. Jung, V. Frankl), - the school of Gestalt therapy (F. Perls, L. Perls, P. Goodman, I. Bosco, E. Bauman), - School of Personality Psychology (K. Rogers), - School of cognitive behavioral therapy (A. Beck, A. Ellis), - Soviet school of activity Psychology (L. S. Vygotsky, S. L. Rubinstein, A. N. Leontiev, K. A. Abulkhanova-Slavskaya). The author conducted both theoretical and empirical research in the work. The relevance of the study is due to the fact that a significant number of Chinese teenagers have mental health problems. At the same time, there is insufficient empirical information about the peculiarities of their subjective well-being. The scientific novelty of the research. The results obtained make it possible to develop national measures aimed at supporting the mental health of Chinese adolescents. Style, structure, content. The style of presentation corresponds to publications of this level. The language of the work is scientific. The structure of the work is clearly traced, the author highlights the main semantic parts. The introduction defines the problem of research and highlights its relevance. The author notes that it is important to ensure the psychological well-being of adolescents in Chinese society. Because according to statistics, at the end of 2022, a significant number of patients were diagnosed with chronic depression. On the other hand, there is no data on the content of their subjective well-being. This will allow us to develop new approaches to their maintenance. The second section includes a review of literary sources. The author considers the main approaches and theoretical schools that study the essence and components of mental health and well-being. Special attention is paid to the consideration of subjective well-being as the absence of health disorders. The paper pays special attention to how mental health is traditionally viewed in China. The analysis allowed the author to highlight the content of the phenomenon of "subjective well-being of adolescents"; to highlight its emotional, psychological and social components. The analysis allowed the author to conduct an empirical study. The next section is devoted to the description of the research methodology. The author set research objectives and goals, identified research hypotheses and a sample. Special attention is paid to the description of methods, methods of mathematical and statistical processing. Jamovi software was used for the calculation. The next section is devoted to the description of the results of an empirical study, which presents descriptive statistics of the obtained indicators according to the methods used. The author presented the results on the main scales and an assessment of the normality of the distribution according to the Shapiro-Wilk criterion. The following sections present: - the results of a cluster analysis of the activity indicators of Chinese adolescents, - a comparative analysis of the subjective well-being of Chinese adolescents in groups with different activity indicators, - a regression analysis of the influence of activity indicators on the components of the subjective well-being of Chinese adolescents. The article concludes with a section discussing the results, which describes the components of the subjective well-being of Chinese students and their proactive behavior. At the end of the work, the author summarized the main results and made a number of general conclusions. The hypotheses put forward have been confirmed. In conclusion, the practical and theoretical significance of the conducted research is indicated. Bibliography. The bibliography of the article includes 12 domestic and foreign sources, most of which have been published in the last three years. The list contains mainly articles and abstracts. At the same time, there are links to educational and methodological materials, online sources and monographs. The sources are mostly designed correctly and uniformly. It is important to pay attention to the design of links. Appeal to opponents. Recommendations: - to formalize the introduction, highlight the relevance from the position of scientific deficiency; to identify the methodological basis, object and subject of research; - to offer recommendations based on the results of the theoretical research; - to highlight the prospects for further study of the affected problem; - to issue a bibliographic list in accordance with the requirements. Conclusions. The problems of the article are of undoubted relevance, theoretical and practical value; it will be of interest to specialists who study the mental health problems of Chinese adolescents. The article may be recommended for publication, it is important to take into account the highlighted recommendations. This allows you to submit to the editorial board a research article that is characterized by scientific novelty.