Tyugashev E.A. David Hume's Philosophy

Abstract: In his article Tyugashev reconstructs Hume's model of philosophy taking into account the importance of the practical aspect of Hume's philosophy which is expressed in the orientation at reformation of philosophy based on empirism and application of the experimental approach. The fundamental provision is Hume's concept of human as an intelligent, active and social creature. As a result of imperfection and limitation of human mind, it is necessary to prove philosophical insights by the facts of everyday life and philosophical conclusions should be evaluated from the point of view of social consequences of their practical implementation. Hume outlined the practical turn of metaphilosophy towards the provisions of ancient philosophy when spiritual and practical aspects of philosophy were integral. The author of the article reconstructs David Hume's metaphilosophy by using the socio-philosophical model of the genesis of spiritual activity according to which particular branches of philosophy (science, art, religion, mythology, etc.) are being viewed as a result of the reflection of social practice. The novelty of the research is caused by the fact that the author defines and systematizes David Hume's views on the structure of philosophy as a spiritual activity constituting part of social life. The author shows that David Hume differentiated between fundamental philosophy and applied philosophy, philosophical theory and empirical philosophy (observational and experimental philosophies) and described everyday philosophy, popular philosophy and folk philosophy which conclusions proved to be true in the course of social progress. 

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