Translate this page:
Please select your language to translate the article


You can just close the window to don't translate
Library
Your profile

Back to contents

Psychology and Psychotechnics
Reference:

Features of the formation of patriotism in the course of teaching humanitarian academic disciplines of the Department of Psychology and Pedagogy of the Krasnodar University of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia

Kipreev Sergei Nikolaevich

ORCID: 0000-0002-3948-8360

Postgraduate of the Department of Social and Humanitarian Disciplines of the Krasnodar University of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia

350005, Russia, Krasnodar Territory, Krasnodar, Korenovskaya str., 2/4, sq. 273

komissar.1917@mail.ru
Other publications by this author
 

 

DOI:

10.7256/2454-0722.2024.1.40511

EDN:

NZDHCH

Received:

17-04-2023


Published:

27-03-2024


Abstract: This author discusses the features of the research of the sense of patriotism among the cadets of the educational organization of the Ministry of Internal Affairs, conducted at the Department of Psychology and Pedagogy of the Krasnodar University of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia. The purpose of the study was to determine the effectiveness of the introduction of methods to supplement the content of academic disciplines in the educational process. For this purpose, the author conducted experimental work on the formation of a sense of patriotism among police cadets at the Department of Psychology and Pedagogy. The article describes the types of information elements directly introduced into the content of educational material or indirectly used during training sessions, reveals the specifics of their use for patriotic education. The specifics of the education of patriotism in the course of teaching humanitarian academic disciplines are revealed. The description of promising areas of further research on the topic of education of patriotism is given, and recommendations for improving the system of patriotic education in a departmental university are proposed. The transformation of the content of humanitarian disciplines is described in order to form a sense of patriotism among cadets. The researcher gives the author's typology of the feeling of patriotism, actualizes the question of the need to improve the process of patriotic education in new information and political conditions. The paper managed to show the peculiarities of the formation of patriotism in educational practice, in the process of teaching academic disciplines of the humanities cycle at the Department of Psychology and Pedagogy in the educational system of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia.


Keywords:

cadets, a sense of patriotism, upbringing, education, scientific research, features of the formation of patriotism, humanitarian academic disciplines, components of a sense of patriotism, types of a sense of patriotism, patriotism

This article is automatically translated.

Introduction

Today, for a police officer, the most important skill in working with people is the ability to understand the reasons for committing certain illegal acts, choose methods and means of preventing antisocial behavior in specific situations of official activity.

M. A. Mazur, in one of his studies, remarkably describes the features of patriotic education: "the problem of patriotic education of police officers has become one of the most urgent, and its special importance is explained by the fact that it was at the epicenter of a number of other problems related to it that affect the interests of the state as a whole. Employees of the Department of Internal Affairs have certain powers of the executive branch, inform the public of government decisions, which imposes special requirements on their personality, including high morality and conviction in the correctness of the actions being implemented, loyalty to the state" [6].

The systematic representation of the teaching process and the associated process of forming a sense of patriotism is justified in the works of A.Y. Trifonov, L.R. Nazarova, V.S. Musienko

The use of methods, organizational forms and means of implementing the content of education in the process of forming a sense of patriotism has been studied in the works of such researchers as K.S. Gordeeva, A.N. Lebedeva, V.O. Leonova, I.N. Khazeeva, Ya.A. Kholodey.

At the Krasnodar University of the Ministry of Internal Affairs In Russia, humanities are studied in all courses of study at the departments of Psychology and Pedagogy, History of State and Law, philosophy and Sociology.

In the course of studying the humanities, "a constructive personality formation takes place, the correct ideas about eternal, enduring human values are consolidated in the consciousness of a young person: love for the Motherland, striving for peace, respect for others, reverence for ancestors, care for elderly parents, protection of children" [4]. In our opinion, the use of the educational potential of the educational process is necessary for the formation and functioning of the system of patriotic education in an educational organization. The formation of a sense of patriotism has always been carried out, and will be carried out through the educational and educational environment of the educational institution.

We share the opinion of E.N. Ivanov that "the specificity of the humanities and humanitarian knowledge makes it possible to realize not only the values of humanitarian education, but also the values associated with education proper, since it contributes to the formation of humanitarian thinking. Humanitarian knowledge influences the formation of personal value orientations that form the basis of moral consciousness. It is moral consciousness that programs moral culture, as it is connected with a person's worldview" [4].

All this gives the police officer the opportunity to study the disciplines of psychology and pedagogy. It is important for an employee of the internal affairs bodies to be motivated to serve and have a desire to benefit the Motherland and society through their activities.

Psychological disciplines allow cadets to take a fresh look at the world and service. N. G. Stepanova and N. A. Vasilyeva spoke quite succinctly about the understanding of the phenomenon of patriotism by the humanities: "from the standpoint of psychology, patriotism is a feeling acting as a supra-conscious process in the sense that its content and time scales are larger than anything that it can accommodate consciousness. Passing through consciousness with their individual components, they as a whole are beyond it. Patriotism, unfolding in the form of a long and strenuous work of human consciousness in readiness for harsh military labor, the hardships and hardships of military service, self-sacrifice and heroism. Patriotism is a qualitative characteristic of a social subject, indicating its acceptance of the values of the national state, the values of the culture of its people and country as the leading elements of its value-normative system, determining the orientation and intensity of its activities in various spheres of life" [8].

One of the main functions of the department in the activities of an educational organization is "the organization of educational work as a purposeful activity to form a set of professional and moral qualities among students due to the needs of operational and service activities" [5].

The FOS describes that during the teaching of the discipline "Prevention of extremism among youth", cadets develop the skill of "carrying out measures to prevent and suppress manifestations and dissemination of extremist attitudes, xenophobia, criminal subcultures in youth environments" [5, p. 118]; they acquire skills in determining the competencies and powers of state bodies and officials: "taking into account the polysystem nature of the reasons contributing to the involvement of minors in offenses; obtaining information about informal youth associations, external signs, the functioning of informal youth associations, socio-psychological characteristics of members of informal youth associations; identifying persons participating in informal youth associations based on an integrated approach, based on organizational and legal measures" [5, p. 88].

In the course of studying this academic discipline, as well as a number of others taught at the department, it is perhaps most effective to form a national type of patriotism. Within the framework of the content of legal academic disciplines, it is impossible to include a large amount of information material to form a sense of patriotism, therefore, in the process of patriotic education, the potential of humanitarian disciplines should be used.

The educational function is to assimilate the cadets' collective experience, customs, rules and norms of behavior that have developed in the process of fostering patriotism. It contributes to the formation of a system of spiritual and moral values among them, "serving as the basis of their patriotic views and beliefs. This function forms the cadets' practical experience, which consists of actions and actions consciously subordinated to fostering a sense of patriotism" [9].

The key method in the framework of our research at the Department of Psychology and Pedagogy is the elemental method developed by us on the basis of the partial method. An example of the use of conceptual and meaningful types of information material introduced into the content of educational material is Topic 1.5. "The main components of countering extremism and terrorism", from the materials of this lecture, more than 60% of the educational material can be used as information for the education of patriotism. About 20% of the information material in terms of content is suitable for patriotic education in Topic No. 5. "Psychological and pedagogical prevention of extremist and terrorist attitudes in the adolescent and youth environment", during which a contextual method of updating the content of education can be used. Moreover, in the educational question No. 1 "The main directions of countering youth extremism in the Russian Federation", more than 35% of the educational material can be used as information to form a sense of patriotism.

An example of sentential methods of updating education can be such questions as: What is the role of the state's policy on countering extremism in supporting the national and cultural characteristics of citizens? How much do you share the opinions of the authors? What role do national feelings play in a person's life?

When using implicit methods, patriotic information is conveyed to the objects of education implicitly, and is accepted during programming questions. Such questions may include the following: Did you know that harmoniously developed ethnic feelings of a person are an important component of a sense of patriotism? Are you aware of the fact that the normal development of society cannot take place without ensuring the national interests of the state?

A striking example of semantic methods of updating the content of education is the consideration of nationality and national feelings within the framework of psychology, when students are explained the norms of interethnic relations, the place and role of the Russian people on the world stage, are "vaccinated" against Russophobia, Nazism and other forms of deviations from the patriotic norm.

When solving situational tasks, the cadets develop spiritual and moral values that contribute to the development of various types of feelings of patriotism.

According to L.G. Sakharova, "the emotional and value aspect of spiritual and moral education is realized in the organization of pedagogical activity, in which emotional components are introduced into the content, forms and methods of education, stimulating the creative embodiment of morally educating situations containing potential opportunities for the internalization of moral values by a person" [7].

The topic 3.4. "Correctional impact in the prevention of extremist and terrorist attitudes among young people" is of great practical importance for patriotic education. Its study ensures that the qualifications of employees carrying out preventive measures to prevent and suppress offenses and antisocial actions on the part of minors correspond to the changing conditions of professional professional activity and the social environment.

A large number of researchers have set the task of identifying qualitative features, criteria grounds that allow us to build a classification of feelings of patriotism. The most systematic and cited were the works of S.S. Volkov, T.D. Dubitskaya, I.L. Kishey, M.L. Knyazeva, L.V. Mordovina, P.I. Shunkov.

Following M.M. Kuchukov, M.V. Ratz, B.B. Garmaev, O.Y. Uzunova, we have made an attempt to isolate the author's typology of the feeling of patriotism, and the semantic method has been chosen as the basis. This method was used in the study of patriotic semantics by A.V. Grischuk, V.N. Levina, E.G. Malysheva, V.D. Mansurova.

In the modern information space, among scientific works, using the analysis of text units, we have identified the main types of patriotism, grouped into types of feelings of patriotism, graphically presented in Figure 1:

Figure 1 – The typological structure of the feeling of patriotism in the human personality system

During the experiment conducted at the Department of Psychology and Pedagogy, we revealed a positive dynamics in the formation of a sense of patriotism according to those types of feelings of patriotism for which patriotic information was introduced into the content of education. This indicates the effectiveness of the method we have chosen to form various types of feelings of patriotism and the success of its application.

G. A. Gurdjian believes that "the formation of a subject of professional activity is a consequence of a person going through a difficult path of development, preparing to enter the world of professions, mastering professional activity, adapting to it and improving professional skills" [3].

Changes in the levels of patriotism formation (without raw scores) in the control and experimental groups are presented in Table 1:

The type of feeling of patriotism

The general level of emergency in groups

(expressed as a% of the maximum)

The dynamics of the formation of a sense of patriotism

before the experiment

after the experiment

Exp.

Counter.

Exp.

Counter.

Exp.

Counter.

Family and Household

65,4

58,1

64,9

58,3

-0,5

0,2

State

62,2

61,0

64,1

63,5

1,9

2,5

Historical

73,1

72,8

74,2

73,2

1,1

0,4

Sociocultural

69,6

70,7

73,7

71,6

4,1

0,9

National

74,5

70,1

78,4

72,3

3,9

2,2

Religious

51,0

50,8

52,3

51,6

1,3

0,8

Territorial

66,2

63,9

67,1

65,0

0,9

1,1

Language

65,8

65,1

67,7

66,9

1,9

1,8

General group level

65,9

64,0

67,8

65,3

1,825

1,237

Table 1 – Results of experimental work on the formation of a sense of patriotism using methods of supplementing the content of education at the Department of Psychology and Pedagogy of the Krasnodar University of the Ministry of Internal Affairs Of Russia

The results of the experimental work indicate that during the special educational impact, it was possible to significantly increase the level of formation of national (by 3.9%) and socio-cultural (by 4.1%) levels of patriotism among the participants of the control group, but it was not possible to achieve positive results on the family and household type of patriotism. The reason for this is that it is not the educational environment that is more suitable for the formation of a family-like sense of patriotism, but educational activities, during which it is necessary to use the educational potential of family values.

The individual score obtained during the survey determined the level of formation of the components of a sense of patriotism among the cadets, according to the formulated scale of levels of formation of a sense of patriotism. Comparison and analysis of the results allowed us to formulate a conclusion that, quantitatively, the cadets of the experimental and control groups had no significant differences in the levels of development of various components and types of feelings of patriotism: a high level was diagnosed in 52% of the cadets of the experimental group and 53% of the control group; above average – in 19% of the participants of the experimental and 17% of the control group, the average level - in 22% of the subjects of the experimental group and 27% of the control group; low level - in 13% and 12%, respectively. Consequently, at the beginning of the diagnostic study, the cadets of both groups revealed a similar level of formation of the components of a sense of patriotism.

We also noted a significant increase in the level of state and national types of patriotism, which occurred due to the planned influence of educational work bodies and unit commanders, as well as patriotic activists who did not participate in the experiment.

Conclusion

Meanwhile, the development of a sense of patriotism and a system of spiritual and moral values of the personality of students makes it possible to improve the quality of police performance of official duties. The search for ways to increase the effectiveness of educational work through the use of the educational potential of spiritual and moral values, and innovative forms of education of patriotism, their practical application, taking into account the requirements of state educational policy and the realities of modern life, is an important problem of higher education pedagogy.

These studies indicate that the methods we have used to form a sense of patriotism are effective and can be recommended for use in teaching humanities in the educational and educational process of educational organizations. N. G. Stepanova and N. A. Vasilyeva show the role and place of the humanities in the activities of internal affairs agencies as follows: "at all historical stages of the functioning and development of internal affairs bodies, the task of forming a professional, competent, patriotically educated, morally and psychologically stable employee of internal affairs bodies who meets the requirements of the relevant period of development of society and internal affairs bodies has been and remains urgent" [5]. It is the humanities such as pedagogy, psychology, sociology, and cultural studies that successfully cope with this task.

Thus, we can conclude that the education of a sense of patriotism is possible and necessary to be carried out within the framework of teaching academic disciplines by supplementing the educational content of departmental universities of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia with patriotic information. Such a process will be most effective if it is carried out by competent persons, trained accordingly, and who are interested in conducting educational work aimed at forming a sense of patriotism.

References
1. Vinogradov, P. L. (2021). The development of bullet shooting in Russia as an effective patriotic and motivational tool for students. VIII All-Russian Scientific and Practical Conference, 37-42.
2. Glushko, T. M. (2018). Traditions of patriotism in teaching humanities. Humanitarian aspects of higher professional education, 307-309.
3. Gurdjian, G. A. (2010). Volitional qualities of personality as subjective characteristics of a specialist in the field of life safety. Science and modernity, 4-1, 285-288.
4. Ivanov, E. N. (2007). Pedagogical conditions for the education of patriotism among university cadets by means of humanitarian disciplines. Bulletin of the Tambov University, 5, 56-61.
5. Mazur, M. A. (2009). The essence and features of patriotic education of employees of internal affairs bodies in modern conditions of the Khanty-Mansiysk police Department. Actual problems of humanities and natural sciences, 7-2, 131-133.
6. Mazur, M. A. (2011). The essence and features of patriotic education of employees of internal affairs bodies. Izvestiya of the Russian State Pedagogical University named after A.I. Herzen, 129, 203-208.
7. Sakharova, L. G. (2017). Spiritual and moral education of student youth as an emotional and value phenomenon. Socio-humanitarian training of medical university students: patriotic and spiritual and moral traditions, 118-130.
8. Stepanova, N. G. (2018). The role of humanities in the education of citizenship and patriotism of student youth. Climate, ecology, agriculture of Eurasia, 270-276.
9. Tumasyan, L. L. (2020). Teaching physical culture and physical education in educational organizations of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia as a condition for the development of patriotic consciousness of students. Materials of the All-Russian Scientific and Practical Conference, 242-244.
10. Chuikov, O. E. (2016). The essence of patriotism in the context of social and humanitarian sciences. 4th International Youth Scientific Conference, 116-119.

Peer Review

Peer reviewers' evaluations remain confidential and are not disclosed to the public. Only external reviews, authorized for publication by the article's author(s), are made public. Typically, these final reviews are conducted after the manuscript's revision. Adhering to our double-blind review policy, the reviewer's identity is kept confidential.
The list of publisher reviewers can be found here.

The paper "Peculiarities of the formation of patriotism in the teaching of humanitarian academic disciplines of the Department of Psychology and Pedagogy" is presented for review. The subject of the study. The subject of the study is indicated in the title. In general, the author presented a theoretical overview, a study, a formative program and conclusions. The author briefly presented the content of the work aimed at the formation of patriotism in the teaching of humanitarian academic disciplines of the Department of Psychology and Pedagogy at the University of the Ministry of Internal Affairs. The subject of the study has been fully investigated. Research methodology. The methodology of the research of the stated topic takes into account the complexity and complexity of the problem raised. The author relies on the main provisions of research that study the peculiarities of the organization of educational work at the university, as well as a structural approach to the formation of patriotism. The relevance of the study is determined from the position of the need for the formation of patriotism by a cadet of the University of the Ministry of Internal Affairs. Moreover, the humanities disciplines of the Department of Psychology and Pedagogy have significant potential to solve the task. However, the relevance from the standpoint of the scarcity of practical research is not indicated. The scientific novelty of the study is as follows: - the author shows that with well-organized work and special educational influence, a positive effect is exerted on the national and socio-cultural levels of a sense of patriotism; - the study showed that it is quite difficult to influence the formation of a family and household sense of patriotism in an educational environment; - the use of situational tasks is effective. - the work carried out, in general, has shown its effectiveness. Style, structure, content. The style of presentation corresponds to publications of this level. The language of the work is scientific. The structure of the work is clearly visible. There are two sections in the structure, but in accordance with the logic, the following content can be traced. In the introduction, the relevance of the problem is indicated, a small analysis of the research is presented, and the problem is substantiated. In the main part, the author's typology of the feeling of patriotism was highlighted, and the semantic method was chosen as the basis. The next section is devoted to the description of the experiment conducted at the Department of Psychology and Pedagogy, raw scores are presented and the main conclusions are highlighted in accordance with the conducted research. The work ends with a discussion of the results and a conclusion. Bibliography. The bibliography of the article includes 10 domestic sources, a small part of which has been published over the past three years. The list contains mainly research articles. The design of the sources is mostly heterogeneous and incorrect. It must be brought in accordance with the requirements. Appeal to opponents. The work is very interesting and relevant. Recommendations: 1) expand the theoretical overview of the research conducted, including an analysis of modern research; 2) structure the description of the study, highlighting the volume of respondents, subject, methods; 3) it is necessary to describe in more detail the results of the study, presenting them in the form of diagrams and graphs; 4) considering that the subject is the formation of patriotism during teaching in the course of teaching the humanities of the academic disciplines of the Department of Psychology and Pedagogy, considerable attention should be paid to the description of the main directions and activities of this process (for example, highlighting the program of patriotic education). Conclusions. The problems of the article are of undoubted relevance, theoretical and practical value, and will be of interest to researchers and teachers of humanities at higher educational institutions of the Ministry of Internal Affairs. The work can be recommended for publication taking into account the highlighted recommendations.