Translate this page:
Please select your language to translate the article


You can just close the window to don't translate
Library
Your profile

Back to contents

Litera
Reference:

Structural-functional model of terminological phrase in the field of production of technical formalin in the example of Russian and English languages

Mushkina Yuliya Vyacheslavovna

HR Record Management Specialist, HRS LLC

109028, Moskva, Serebryanicheskaya naberezhnaya, 29.

vf123v@yandex.ru
Shatilova Lyubov' Mikhailovna

ORCID: 0000-0001-6250-0957

Doctor of Philology

Professor, the department of Germanic Studies and Linguodidactics, Moscow City Pedagogical University

142611, Russia, Moscow, st. Maly Kazenny Lane, 5 B

shatilova-79@mail.ru
Other publications by this author
 

 
Karandeeva Lyudmila Georgievna

ORCID: 0000-0002-8399-7920

PhD in Philology

Docent, the department of Theory and Practice of Foreign Languages, Institute of Foreign Languages, Peoples' Friendship University of Russia 

117198, Moscow, st. Miklukho-Maklaya, 9

karandeeva-lg@rudn.ru

DOI:

10.25136/2409-8698.2022.1.37258

Received:

04-01-2022


Published:

30-01-2022


Abstract:   This article is dedicated to comprehensive examination of the terminological system "Production of technical formalin" on the example of Russian and English languages. The article considers the characteristics f the nomination of terminological units and highlights the most common models of terms in the terminological system "Production of technical formalin" using the example of Russian and English languages. Modern linguistics features a few research on the terms of chemical industry, while the terminological system "Production of technical formalin" has not previously become a subject of separate research, particularly in the comparative aspect of two or more languages, which determines the relevance of this publication. The goal lies in description of the terms of chemical industry, namely "Production of technical formalin" in the Russian and English languages. The subject of this article is the study of the terminological systems of chemical industry in the field of production of technical formalin relative to functionality of the term-word and terminological phrase. The novelty consists in the comparative analysis of the terminological system "Production of technical formalin" on the example of Russian and English languages. The terminological system of chemical production of technical formalin includes the following lexical-thematic groups: 1. Technological process of production of technical formalin 2. Equipment line 3. Chemicals and reactions It is established that in the Russian language, the most commonly used model in all subgroups is the two-component model "adjective + noun" (over 50 %); while in the English language, it is the two-component model "noun + noun" (over 50%).  


Keywords:

Term, terminological system, word-term, terminological phrase, formalin, technological process, machines and apparatus, chemical substances, two-component model, chemical industry

This article is automatically translated.

At all times, in order to become a highly professional specialist, it is important to know your area of specialization well, be aware of all achievements, and also have an excellent command of terminology.

Terminology is inextricably linked with the development of a particular field of knowledge, it is also being improved. The changes that have occurred are reflected in the language with the help of certain linguistic processes, for example, borrowing from foreign languages, transterminologization from related fields of knowledge, word production (creation of a new term), etc. There is a GOST for working with terms, which also helps to correctly form terminology for the necessary field of knowledge [1].

Yu.V. Solzhenikina notes that terminology and commonly used vocabulary are interrelated, and the process of interchangeability is traced if lexical or terminological "hunger" occurs: "... aggregates of special words are a structural subset of the national language, and there is a constant relationship between these two systems: on the one hand, terms go beyond highly specialized functioning and replenish general vocabulary … On the other hand, the literary language is a constant source of words for special vocabulary"[11, p. 22].

Every year we can observe the emergence of new special lexemes in professional fields of knowledge, mostly related to the technical sciences, which either provides a basis for creating a new term system, or replenishes it. But first of all, the term should be formed according to the rules of constructing the meaningful and formal structure of the term. Meanwhile, it is necessary to take into account the norms and rules of the national language, of which this term will be a part.

The formal structure of the term can be expressed in the form of: terms-words and phrases. Terms-words can be represented by the following varieties: root (unmotivated or non-derived); affixal (motivated, derived): abbreviations and compound words; compound words; terms-symbols [11, p. 30].

Terms-phrases are subdivided according to the number of components, for example, two-, three- and more component terms are distinguished. Regarding the grammatical side of the term-phrase, linguists B.N. Golovin, R.Y. Kobrin propose to classify according to the grammatical affiliation of the main word: substantive, adjectival and verb forms. Most linguists prefer to consider only nouns as terms, which is probably why this approach is still used in lexicographic practice [6].

The subject of the study is the consideration of the terminological system of the chemical industry, namely the production of technical formalin regarding the functioning of the term-word and terminological phrase. The following research methods were used in the work: linguistic, logical and the method of systemology.

The novelty of the study lies in the fact that for the first time a comparative analysis of the terminological system "Production of technical formalin" is carried out on the example of Russian and English.

Let's consider the terminological system "Production of technical formalin" on the example of the Russian and English languages in order to identify the most common way of term formation.

  

Figure No. 1 – Terminological system "Production of technical formalin"

The terminological system of chemical production of technical formalin includes the following lexical and thematic groups:

1. Technological process of production of technical formalin (in trans. Process);

2.               Machines and apparatuses (in Equipment lane);

3. Chemicals and reactions (in trans. Chemicals and reactions).

Let's consider the first lexical-thematic group "Technological process of production of technical formalin" in the Russian language. This group includes technical systems that are necessary for the production of technical formalin. There are more than 10 systems for the proper functioning of the formalin production plant. Thus, we get the following lexico-thematic subgroup "Technological systems for the production of formalin", for example, a methanol supply system, a process gas system, a coolant system, a steam system, a boiler water system, a water cycle system, a waste gas purification system, a safety system, a locking system. Each system also has its own operating principle, fixed in the technical literature (instructions, manuals, diagrams). And therefore, highly specialized terminology is also used to describe the necessary processes and phenomena, for example, methanol, oxygen, nitrogen, cooling water, absorption, start-up, evaporation, catalytic oxidation, emission control, reaction temperature control, heating, oxidation of methanol to formaldehyde, shutdown, heat removal, oxygen supply, etc.

The terminological nomination of the lexico-thematic group "Technological process of production of technical formalin" is expressed to a greater extent by the syntactic way of forming terms, that is, terminological phrases are used. In the structure of these terms, there are logical connections between concepts, for example, a methanol supply system and a waste gas purification system – the connection of an object and its function, and inside there are also attracted terms methanol and waste gases, whose structure is based on a generic relationship.

In this subgroup we observe the most popular terminological phrases of two types:

· noun + noun – 36%;

· noun + adjective + noun – 22%;

· adjective + noun – 14%;

· noun + noun + noun – 14%.

Noun + noun and noun + adjective + noun are the most common forms in the formation of terminological combinations and terminological phrases due to the fact that the term, first of all, has a nominative function, which is perfectly expressed by a noun with a verbal derivative noun and with a noun in the indirect case.

In the lexico-thematic group "Technological process of production of technical formalin (in trans. Process)" all kinds of terms and terminological formations function in English, for example, HTF vapor condensation, Steam generation, HTF condensation, BFW evaporation, Level measurement,Methanol, Process Gas, Process Water.

Terminological phrases are in the first place in terms of usage, and simple terms are in the second place:

· phrases – 52%;

· simple terms – 28%.

According to the analysis, this lexico-thematic group includes various types of terminological phrases. Terminological phrases such as noun + noun and noun + noun + noun + noun prevail:

· noun + noun – 57%;

· noun + noun + noun + noun – 16%.

Let's consider the lexical and terminological group "Machines and apparatuses" (in the Equipment lane). This group in Russian includes terms denoting a particular unit or machine involved in the production of formalin. In this lexico-thematic group, we also observe the predominance of phrases, for example, absorption towers, gas blower, inert carrier, methanol evaporator, catalyst in the tube space, emission control system catalyst, boiling heat transfer fluid, shell-and-tube heat exchanger, air compressor, coolant condenser, vapor-liquid mixture, flow refractometer, reactor, coolant separator, etc. etc .

The most common are terminological phrases such as:

· adjective + noun – 61 %;

· noun + noun – 22%.

The lexico-thematic group "Machines and apparatuses" (in the Equipment lane) in English includes all kinds of terms and terminological formations. For example, Galvanized studs. Gasket, Glass Tape, Globe Valves, Massflow Transmitter, MCC, Methanol prevaporizer, Methanol pump, Methanol safety valve, spray nozzles, Vaporizer, Multipoint thermoelements.

As in many groups of terminological systems under study, terminological phrases prevail in this group:

· phrases – 67%;

· simple terms – 23%.

According to the analysis, this lexico-thematic group includes a large number of types of phrases. Terminological phrases such as adjective + noun and noun + noun prevail:

· noun + noun – 38%;

· adjective + noun – 23 %;

· noun + noun + noun – 12 %;

· adjective + noun + noun – 8%.

Next, consider the following lexico-thematic group "Chemicals and reactions". According to the collected terms in Russian, we see that the nomination of terms of this group is also complex, and phrases are used to a greater extent, for example, dimethyl ether, NSOON (formic acid), paraformaldehyde, hydrochloric acid, process air, carbon dioxide, tail gas, oxalic acid.

Among the phrases , the most popular are the forms:

· adjective + noun – 56 %;

· noun + adjective + noun – 15 %;

· noun + noun + adjective + noun – 4 %;

· noun + noun – 25 %;

· adjective + noun – 56%.

In the lexico-thematic group "Chemicals and reactions (in trans. Chemicals and reactions)" all kinds of terms, including abbreviations, function in the English language. For example, Catalytic oxidation, Removing of heat from the exothermic reaction, Control the reaction temperature, HTF-pressure control, the oil overheating, Dimethylether, Formaldehyde.

The most common are terminological phrases:

· phrases – 52%;

· complex terms – 38%.

According to the analysis, this lexical-thematic group includes several types of phrases. Terminological phrases such as noun + noun and adjective + noun prevail:

· noun + noun – 54%;

· adjective + noun – 30%.

It is difficult to classify complex terms, due to the small number of terms of this lexical-thematic group.

The term formalin is the key link of this terminological system. We can observe these terms in all lexical and thematic groups.

The terminological phrase in the terminological system "Production of technical formalin", as well as the term-word, serves as a means of nominating a certain field of knowledge, being at the same time a separately formed, but semantically integral combination formed by combining two or three components.

After collecting and analyzing the terms used in the written and oral speech of the production site specialists, we can conclude that the most common model in the term system "Production of technical formalin" on the example of the Russian language is a two–component model "adjective + noun" (more than 50%). Despite the fact that the Russian language belongs to synthetic languages, a common type of terminological units is a terminological phrase. Thus, with the help of such a nomination, we get more detailed terms, in which the criterion of "brevity" is expressed somewhat indirectly, but in terms of content, they most adequately convey the concept.

Having analyzed the terms of the terminological system "Production of technical formalin" on the example of the English language, it can be argued that in all subgroups the most used model in the term system is a two–component model "noun + noun" – more than 50%. English belongs to analytical languages, and terminological phrases are most common among the terms. Noun + noun is the most convenient and understandable way to form a terminological phrase (Figures No. 2, 3).

The active use of terminological (two- and multicomponent) phrases in scientific and journalistic texts, as well as the variety of their forms, is proof that these units are an integral part of the terminological system under study and an effective means of transmitting accurate information in this field of science.

Figure No. 2 – The most used types of phrases in each lexical and thematic subgroup on the example of the Russian language

 

 

Figure No. 3 – The most used types of phrases in each lexical and thematic subgroup on the example of the English language

References
1. GOST R ISO 704-2010. Terminologicheskaya rabota. Printsipy i metody. M.: Standartinform, 2010. 52 s.
2. Novye khimicheskie tekhnologii. Analiticheskii portal khimicheskoi promyshlennosti // [Elektronnyi resurs]. URL: http://newchemistry.ru/letter.php?n_id=3332&cat_id=5&page_id=3 (data obrashcheniya: 07.10.2021).
3. Khimiya i Biznes. Mezhdunarodnyi khimicheskii zhurnal ¹ 7-8 (189). [Elektronnyi resurs]. URL: https://zaobt.ru/wp-content/uploads/2015/07/tehnologii_formalina.pdf (data obrashcheniya: 07.10.2021).
4. Averbukh K.Ya. Obshchaya teoriya termina. Ivanovo: IvGU, 2004 g. 252 s.
5. Grinev-Grinevich S.V. Terminovedenie / Uchebnoe posobie. M.: Izdatel'skii tsentr «Akademiya», 2008. 304 s.
6. Golovin B.N., Kobrin R.Yu. Lingvisticheskie osnovy ucheniya o terminakh. M.: Vysshaya shkola, 1987. 105 s.
7. Danilenko V.P. Russkaya terminologiya: opyt lingvisticheskogo opisaniya. M.: Izd-vo «Nauka», 1977. S. 90.
8. Leichik V.M. Terminovedenie – predmet, metody, struktura. M.: Librokom, 2009. S. 40-51.
9. Lotte D.S. Voprosy zaimstvovaniya i uporyadocheniya inoyazychnykh terminov i terminoelementov. M.: Nauka, 1982. 136 s.
10. Lotte D.S. Osnovy postroeniya nauchno-tekhnicheskoi terminologii. M.: Izdatel'stvo Akademii Nauk SSSR, 1961. 157 s.
11. Slozhenikina Yu.V. Osnovy terminologii. Lingvisticheskie osnovy teorii termina. M.: Knizhnyi dom «LIBROKOM», 2016. S. 22-30.
12. Tatarinov V.A. Obshchee terminovedenie: Entsiklopedicheskii slovar'/ Rossiiskoe terminologicheskoe obshchestvo RossTerm. M.: Moskovskii Litsei, 2006. 528 s.
13. Helmut Felber. Terminology Manual. Unesco. General Information Programme, UNISIST (Program), 1984. 426 pages.
14. Phenolic Resins. A Century of Progress, Louis Pilato, Springer, 2010 edition (March 23, 2010), 139-151, 25-32 pages.
15. Shatilova L.M., Kasatkina O.A., Mushkina Y.V. Structural and functional model of terminology phrasing in Russian and English for synthetic resin production // International Transaction Journal of Engineering, Management and Applied Sciences and Technologies. 2020. Vol. 11. No 12. P. 1112.

Peer Review

Peer reviewers' evaluations remain confidential and are not disclosed to the public. Only external reviews, authorized for publication by the article's author(s), are made public. Typically, these final reviews are conducted after the manuscript's revision. Adhering to our double-blind review policy, the reviewer's identity is kept confidential.
The list of publisher reviewers can be found here.

The peer-reviewed article "Structural and functional model of terminological phrase in the field of technical formalin production in Russian and English", proposed for publication in the scientific journal "Litera", undoubtedly examines the actual problem of the theory of modern linguistics and methods of teaching foreign languages. Taking into account the importance of using a foreign language in professional communication, the increasing flow of technical information in a foreign language, when training future specialists, more and more attention is paid to the formation of the skill of working with text, which indicates the relevance of the study. Terminology is inextricably linked with the development of a particular field of knowledge, it is also being improved. The subject of the study is the consideration of the terminological system of the chemical industry, namely the production of technical formalin regarding the functioning of the term-word and terminological phrase. The following research methods were used in the work: linguistic, logical and the method of systemology. The novelty of the study lies in the fact that for the first time a comparative analysis of the terminological system "Production of technical formalin" is carried out using the example of Russian and English languages. This work is focused on the linguistic side of the process under consideration, rather than on the pedagogical one, and can be the basis for further study of both the linguistic features of the phenomenon under consideration and the description of methodological patterns in teaching specialists to refer a scientific text. The research was carried out in line with modern scientific approaches, the work consists of an introduction containing the formulation of the problem, the main part, traditionally beginning with a review of theoretical sources and scientific directions, a research and final one, which presents the conclusions obtained by the author. The article presents a research methodology, the choice of which is quite adequate to the goals and objectives of the work. This work was done professionally, in compliance with the basic canons of scientific research. Such works using various methodologies are relevant and, taking into account the actual material, allow us to replicate the principle of research proposed by the author on other linguistic material. The postulated by the author is illustrated by practical material. The author sums up his research on a scientific basis, referring to the work of his predecessors, which allows us to fully assess the degree of elaboration of the problem and identify gaps. The article is structured, consists of an introduction, the main part, a description of the research results and presentation of conclusions. It should be noted that the bibliography contains 15 items, which are domestic and foreign sources. However, it should be noted that the bibliography does not contain fundamental works, which are dissertations and articles. We believe that for a comprehensive consideration of the issue under study, it would be important to refer to more scientific literature: articles, monographs to present an objective picture. In addition, the principle of compiling a bibliography is not clear. The article will undoubtedly be useful to a wide range of people, philologists, undergraduates and graduate students of specialized universities. In general, it should be noted that the article is written in scientific language, well structured, typos, spelling and syntactic errors, inaccuracies were not found. The overall impression after reading the reviewed article is positive, the work can be recommended for publication in a scientific journal from the list of the Higher Attestation Commission.